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List of first ladies of the United States

None

None

The first lady of the United States is the hostess of the White House. The position is traditionally filled by the wife of the president of the United States, but, on occasion, the title has been applied to women who were not presidents' wives, such as when the president was a bachelor or widower, or when the wife of the president was unable to fulfill the duties of the first lady. The first lady is not an elected position; it carries no official duties and receives no salary. Nonetheless, she attends many official ceremonies and functions of state either along with or in place of the president. Traditionally, the first lady does not hold outside employment while occupying the office, although Eleanor Roosevelt earned money writing and giving lectures, but gave most of it to charity, and Jill Biden maintained her regular job as an educator during her time in the role. The first lady has her own staff, including the White House social secretary, the first lady's chief of staff, the communications director, the White House chief floral designer, and the executive chef. The Office of the First Lady is also in charge of all social and ceremonial events of the White House, and is a branch of the Executive Office of the President.

There have been total of 54 first ladies.

Following Donald Trump's inauguration on January 20, 2025, his wife, Melania Trump, became the 44th official first lady. There are four living former first ladies: Hillary Clinton; Laura Bush; Michelle Obama; and Jill Biden. The most recent first lady to die was Rosalynn Carter. The first first lady was Martha Washington. Presidents John Tyler and Woodrow Wilson had two official first ladies; both remarried during their presidential tenures. The wives of four presidents died before their husbands were sworn into office but are still considered first ladies by the White House and National First Ladies' Library: Martha Jefferson; Rachel Jackson; Hannah Van Buren; and Nell Arthur.

One woman who was not married to a president is still considered an official first lady: Harriet Lane, niece of bachelor James Buchanan. The other non-spousal relatives who served as White House hostesses are not recognized by the First Ladies' Library.

In 2007, the United States Mint began releasing a set of half-ounce $10 gold coins under the First Spouse Program with engravings of portraits of the first ladies on the obverse. When a president served without a spouse, a gold coin was issued that bears an obverse image emblematic of Liberty as depicted on a circulating coin of that era and a reverse image emblematic of themes of that president's life. This is true for the coins for Thomas Jefferson, Andrew Jackson, Martin Van Buren, and James Buchanan's first ladies, but not the coin for Chester A. Arthur's first lady, which instead depicts suffragette Alice Paul.

List

This list includes all persons who served as first ladies, regardless of whether they were married to the incumbent president or not, as well as persons who are considered first ladies and the White House Historical Association. It is sorted by the name the first ladies were commonly known as.

No.
PortraitNameTenureAge at tenure startPresident
(Husband, unless noted)1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647
[[File:Martha Washington (1796).jpg96x96pxPortrait of Martha Washington]]Martha WashingtonJune 2, 1731 – May 22, 1802
(aged 70)
April 30, 1789
–
March 4, 1797George Washington
m. January 6, 1759
[[File:Abigail Adams by Gilbert Stuart.jpg98x98pxPortrait painting of Abigail Adams]]Abigail AdamsNovember 22, 1744 – October 28, 1818
(aged 73)
March 4, 1797
–
March 4, 1801John Adams
m. October 25, 1764
[[File:Martha Jefferson Randolph portrait (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait painting of Martha Jefferson]]Martha RandolphSeptember 27, 1772 – October 10, 1836
(aged 64)
March 4, 1801
–
March 4, 1809Thomas Jefferson
Father
[[File:Dolley Madison (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait painting of Dolly Madison]]Dolley MadisonMay 20, 1768 – July 12, 1849
(aged 81)
March 4, 1809
–
March 4, 1817James Madison
m. September 14, 1794
[[File:Elizabeth Monroe (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait painting of Elizabeth Monroe]]Elizabeth MonroeJune 30, 1768 – September 23, 1830
(aged 62)
March 4, 1817
–
March 4, 1825James Monroe
m. February 16, 1786
[[File:Louisa Adams (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait engraving of Louisa Adams]]Louisa Adams
Birth country: Kingdom of Great Britain
(present day United Kingdom)
February 12, 1775 – May 15, 1852
(aged 77)
March 4, 1825
–
March 4, 1829John Quincy Adams
m. July 26, 1797
[[File:Emily Donelson (cropped).jpgframeless80px]]Emily DonelsonMarch 4, 1829
–
November 26, 1834Andrew Jackson
Uncle-in-law
[[File:Sarah Yorke Jackson (1) (cropped).jpgframeless80px]]Sarah JacksonNovember 26, 1834
–
March 4, 1837Andrew Jackson
Father-in-law
VacantMarch 4, 1837
–
November 27, 1838VacantMartin Van Buren
Widower
[[File:Angelica Singleton (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait painting of Angelica Singleton Van Buren]]Angelica “Sarah” Van Buren
February 13, 1818 – December 29, 1877
(aged 59)
November 27, 1838
–
March 4, 1841Martin Van Buren
Father-in-law
[[File:Anna Symmes Harrison (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait painting of Anna Tuthill Harrison]]Anna Harrison
July 25, 1775 – February 25, 1864
(aged 88)
March 4, 1841
–
April 4, 1841William Henry Harrison
m. November 25, 1795
[[File:Harrison jane (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait painting of Jane Irwin Harrison]]Jane Harrison
July 23, 1804 – May 11, 1847
(aged 42)
March 4, 1841
–
April 4, 1841William Henry Harrison
Father-in-law
[[File:Letitia Tyler2 (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait painting of Letitia Tyler]]Letitia Tyler
November 12, 1790 – September 10, 1842
(aged 51)
April 4, 1841
–
September 10, 1842
†John Tyler
[[File:Elizabeth Priscilla Cooper Tyler (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait painting of Priscilla Cooper Tyler]]Priscilla Tyler
June 14, 1816 – December 29, 1889
(aged 73)
September 10, 1842
–
June 26, 1844John Tyler
Father-in-law
[[File:Julia Tyler (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait painting of Julia Tyler]]Julia Tyler
May 4, 1820 – July 10, 1889
(aged 69)
June 26, 1844
–
March 4, 1845John Tyler
m. June 26, 1844
Married while president
[[File:Polk sarah (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait painting of Sarah Polk]]Sarah Polk
September 4, 1803 – August 14, 1891
(aged 87)
March 4, 1845
–
March 4, 1849James K. Polk
m. January 1, 1824
[[File:Margaret Taylor.jpg80pxPortrait painting of Margaret Taylor]]Margaret "Peggy" Taylor
September 21, 1788 – August 14, 1852
(aged 63)
March 4, 1849
–
July 9, 1850Zachary Taylor
m. June 21, 1810
[[File:AFillmore (cropped).jpeg80pxPortrait painting of Abigail Fillmore]]Abigail Fillmore
March 13, 1798 – March 30, 1853
(aged 55)
July 9, 1850
–
March 4, 1853Millard Fillmore
m. February 5, 1826
[[File:Jane Means Appleton Pierce first lady of the USA (cropped).jpg80pxEngraving of Jane Pierce]]Jane Pierce
March 12, 1806 – December 2, 1863
(aged 57)
March 4, 1853
–
March 4, 1857Franklin Pierce
m. November 19, 1834
[[File:Harriet Lane (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait photograph of Harriet Lane]]Harriet Lane
May 9, 1830 – July 3, 1903
(aged 73)
March 4, 1857
–
March 4, 1861James Buchanan
Uncle
[[File:Mary Todd Lincoln2crop (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait photograph of Mary Lincoln]]Mary Lincoln
December 13, 1818 – July 16, 1882
(aged 63)
March 4, 1861
–
April 15, 1865Abraham Lincoln
m. November 4, 1842
[[File:Mrs-E-Johnson (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait engraving of Eliza Johnson]]Eliza Johnson
October 4, 1810 – January 15, 1876
(aged 65)
April 15, 1865
–
March 4, 1869Andrew Johnson
m. May 17, 1827
[[File:Julia Dent Grant.jpg80pxPortrait photograph of Julia Grant]]Julia Grant
January 26, 1826 – December 14, 1902
(aged 76)
March 4, 1869
–
March 4, 1877Ulysses S. Grant
m. August 22, 1848
[[File:Lucy Hayes.jpg80pxPortrait photograph of Lucy Hayes]]Lucy Hayes
August 28, 1831 – June 25, 1889
(aged 57)
March 4, 1877
–
March 4, 1881Rutherford B. Hayes
m. December 30, 1852
[[File:Face detail, Lucretia Garfield - Brady-Handy (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait photograph of Lucretia Garfield]]Lucretia Garfield
April 19, 1832 – March 14, 1918
(aged 85)
March 4, 1881
–
September 19, 1881James A. Garfield
m. November 11, 1858
[[File:Arthur mcelroy mary (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait of Mary Arthur McElroy]]Mary McElroy
July 5, 1841 – January 8, 1917
(aged 75)
September 19, 1881
–
March 4, 1885Chester A. Arthur
Brother
[[File:Rose Cleveland.jpg80pxPortrait of Rose Cleveland]]Rose Cleveland
June 13, 1846 – November 22, 1918
(aged 72)
March 4, 1885
–
June 2, 1886Grover Cleveland
Brother
[[File:Frances Folsom Cleveland.jpg80pxPortrait of Frances Cleveland]]Frances Cleveland
July 21, 1864 – October 29, 1947
(aged 83)
June 2, 1886
–
March 4, 1889Grover Cleveland
m. June 2, 1886
Married while president
[[File:Caroline Harrison.jpg80pxPortrait of Caroline Harrison]]Caroline Harrison
October 1, 1832 – October 25, 1892
(aged 60)
March 4, 1889
–
October 25, 1892
†Benjamin Harrison
m. October 20, 1853
[[File:Mary Harrison McKee by George Gardner Rockwood (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait of Mary Harrison McKee]]Mary Harrison McKee
April 3, 1858 – October 28, 1930
(aged 72)
October 25, 1892
–
March 4, 1893Benjamin Harrison
Father
[[File:Frances Folsom Cleveland.jpg80pxPortrait of Frances Cleveland]]Frances Cleveland
July 21, 1864 – October 29, 1947
(aged 83)
March 4, 1893
–
March 4, 1897Grover Cleveland
m. June 2, 1886
Remarried 1913
[[File:ISMcKinley.jpg80pxPortrait of Ida McKinley]]Ida McKinley
June 8, 1847 – May 26, 1907
(aged 59)
March 4, 1897
–
September 14, 1901William McKinley
m. January 25, 1871
[[File:Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt 1900-1910.jpg80pxPortrait of Edith Roosevelt]]Edith Roosevelt
August 6, 1861 – September 30, 1948
(aged 87)
September 14, 1901
–
March 4, 1909Theodore Roosevelt
m. December 2, 1886
[[File:Helen Herron Taft cph.3a02670 (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait of Helen Taft]]Helen "Nellie" Taft
June 2, 1861 – May 22, 1943
(aged 81)
March 4, 1909
–
March 4, 1913William H. Taft
m. June 19, 1886
[[File:ELWilson.jpg80pxPortrait of Ellen Wilson]]Ellen Wilson
May 15, 1860 – August 6, 1914
(aged 54)
March 4, 1913
–
August 6, 1914
†Woodrow Wilson
m. June 24, 1885
[[File:Margaret Woodrow Wilson 1912 (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait of Margaret Woodrow Wilson]]Margaret Wilson
April 16, 1886 – February 12, 1944
(aged 57)
August 6, 1914
–
December 18, 1915Woodrow Wilson
Father
[[File:Edith Wilson cropped 2.jpg80pxPortrait of Edith Wilson]]Edith Wilson
October 15, 1872 – December 28, 1961
(aged 89)
December 18, 1915
–
March 4, 1921Woodrow Wilson
m. December 18, 1915
Married while president
[[File:Florence Kling Harding-01.jpg80pxPortrait of Florence Harding]]Florence Harding
August 15, 1860 – November 21, 1924
(aged 64)
March 4, 1921
–
August 2, 1923Warren G. Harding
m. July 8, 1891
[[File:Grace Coolidge 1924.jpg80pxGrace Coolidge]]Grace Coolidge
January 3, 1879 – July 8, 1957
(aged 78)
August 2, 1923
–
March 4, 1929Calvin Coolidge
m. October 4, 1905
[[File:Louhenryhoover (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait of Lou Hoover]]Lou Hoover
March 29, 1874 – January 7, 1944
(aged 69)
March 4, 1929
–
March 4, 1933Herbert Hoover
m. February 10, 1899
[[File:Eleanor Roosevelt at the United Nations, circa 1946-1947 (cropped).jpg113x113pxPortrait of Eleanor Roosevelt]]Eleanor Roosevelt
October 11, 1884 – November 7, 1962
(aged 78)
March 4, 1933
–
April 12, 1945Franklin D. Roosevelt
m. March 17, 1905
[[File:Bess Truman cropped.jpg80pxPortrait of Bess Truman]]Elizabeth "Bess" Truman
February 13, 1885 – October 18, 1982
(aged 97)
April 12, 1945
–
January 20, 1953Harry S. Truman
m. June 28, 1919
[[File:Mamie Eisenhower color photo portrait, White House, May 1954 (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait of Mamie Eisenhower]]Mary "Mamie" Eisenhower
November 14, 1896 – November 1, 1979
(aged 82)
January 20, 1953
–
January 20, 1961Dwight D. Eisenhower
m. July 1, 1916
[[File:Mrs. Kennedy in the Diplomatic Reception Room (cropped 2).jpg80pxPortrait Of Jaqueline Kennedy]]Jacqueline "Jackie" Kennedy
July 28, 1929 – May 19, 1994
(aged 64)
January 20, 1961
–
November 22, 1963John F. Kennedy
m. September 12, 1953
Remarried 1968
[[File:Lady Bird Johnson, photo portrait, standing at rear of White House, color, crop (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait of Lady Bird Johnson]]Claudia "Lady Bird" Johnson
December 22, 1912 – July 11, 2007
(aged 94)
November 22, 1963
–
January 20, 1969Lyndon B. Johnson
m. November 17, 1934
[[File:PatNixon.jpg80pxPortrait of Pat Nixon]]Thelma "Pat" Nixon
March 16, 1912 – June 22, 1993
(aged 81)
January 20, 1969
–
August 9, 1974Richard Nixon
m. June 21, 1940
[[File:Betty Ford, official White House photo color, 1974 (face cropped).jpg80pxPortrait of Betty Ford]]Elizabeth "Betty" Ford
April 8, 1918 – July 8, 2011
(aged 93)
August 9, 1974
–
January 20, 1977Gerald Ford
m. October 15, 1948
[[File:Rose Carter, official color photo, 1977-cropped.jpg80pxPortrait of Rosalynn Carter]]Rosalynn Carter
August 18, 1927 – November 19, 2023
(aged 96)
January 20, 1977
–
January 20, 1981Jimmy Carter
m. July 7, 1946
[[File:Nancy Reagan.jpg80pxPortrait of Nancy Reagan]]Nancy Reagan
July 6, 1921 – March 6, 2016
(aged 94)
January 20, 1981
–
January 20, 1989Ronald Reagan
m. March 4, 1952
[[File:Barbara Bush, official portrait (1992) (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait of Barbara Bush]]Barbara Bush
June 8, 1925 – April 17, 2018
(aged 92)
January 20, 1989
–
January 20, 1993George H. W. Bush
m. January 6, 1945
[[File:Hillary Rodham Clinton official White House portrait (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait of Hillary Rodham Clinton]]Hillary Clinton
January 20, 1993
–
January 20, 2001Bill Clinton
m. October 11, 1975
[[File:Laura Bush portrait (cropped).jpg80pxPortrait of Laura Bush]]Laura Bush
January 20, 2001
–
January 20, 2009George W. Bush
m. November 5, 1977
[[File:Michelle Obama 2013 official portrait (cropped 3x4 closein).jpg80pxPortrait of Michelle Obama]]Michelle Obama
January 20, 2009
–
January 20, 2017Barack Obama
m. October 3, 1992
[[File:Melania Trump official portrait (cropped).jpg80pxPhotograph of Melania Trump]]Melania Trump
January 20, 2017
–
January 20, 2021Donald Trump
m. January 22, 2005
[[File:First Lady Jill Biden official portrait.jpgframeless101x101px]]Jill Biden
January 20, 2021
–
January 20, 2025
Joe Biden
m. June 17, 1977
Melania Trump
January 20, 2025
–
Present
Donald Trump
m. January 22, 2005

Other spouses of presidents of the United States

Certain spouses of presidents of the United States are not considered first ladies of the United States.

Four presidents were widowed prior to their presidencies:

  • Thomas Jefferson was married to Martha Wayles from 1772 until her death in 1782.
  • Andrew Jackson was married to Rachel Donelson from 1794 until her death in 1828.
  • Martin Van Buren was married to Hannah Hoes from 1807 until her death in 1819.
  • Chester A. Arthur was married to Ellen Lewis Herndon from 1859 until her death in 1880.

Two presidents were widowed and remarried prior to their presidencies:

  • Theodore Roosevelt was married to Alice Lee from 1880 until her death in 1884. He was subsequently married to Edith Carow from 1886 to his death in 1919.
  • Joe Biden was married to Neilia Hunter from 1966 until her death in 1972. He has subsequently been married to Jill Jacobs since 1977.

Two presidents were divorced and remarried prior to their presidencies:

  • Ronald Reagan was married to Jane Wyman from 1940 until 1949. He was subsequently married to Nancy Davis from 1952 to his death in 2004.
  • Donald Trump was married to Ivana Zelníčková from 1977 until 1992 and to Marla Maples from 1993 until 1999. He has subsequently been married to Melania Knauss since 2005.

Two presidents remarried after their presidencies:

  • Millard Fillmore was married to Caroline Carmichael from 1858 until his death in 1874.
  • Benjamin Harrison was married to Mary Dimmick, the niece of his first wife, from 1896 until his death in 1901.

Notes

References

References

  1. Caroli, Betty Boyd. (2003). "First Ladies from Martha Washington to Laura Bush". Oxford University Press.
  2. (1992). "Eleanor Roosevelt: 1884–1933". Viking.
  3. "Dr. Jill Biden".
  4. "Biography of Martha Jefferson". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  5. "First Lady Biography: Martha Jefferson". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  6. "Biography of Rachel Jackson". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  7. "First Lady Biography: Rachel Jackson". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  8. "Biography of Hannah Van Buren". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  9. "Biography of Ellen Arthur". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  10. "First Lady Biography: Ellen Arthur". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  11. "The First Spouse Gold Coins". [[United States Mint]].
  12. [[Title 31 of the United States Code. 31 U.S.C.]] ''[https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/31/5112.html#o_3_D_i_II § 5112(o)(3)(D)(i)(II) Denominations, specifications, and design of coins]''. [[Presidential $1 Coin Program#First Spouse Program. The First Spouse Gold Coins]]. [[Cornell University]]. Retrieved on January 10, 2009.
  13. "Biography of Martha Washington". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  14. "First Lady Biography: Martha Washington". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  15. "Biography of Abigail Adams". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  16. "First Lady Biography: Abigail Adams". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  17. "Biography of Dolley Madison". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  18. "First Lady Biography: Dolley Madison". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  19. "Biography of Elizabeth Monroe". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  20. "First Lady Biography: Elizabeth Monroe". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  21. "Biography of Louisa Adams". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  22. "First Lady Biography: Louisa Adams". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  23. "Emily Donelson". WHHA.
  24. "First Ladies Never Married to Presidents: Sarah Jackson".
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  26. "Biography of Anna Harrison". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  27. "First Lady Biography: Anna Harrison". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  28. "Biography of Letitia Tyler". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  29. "First Lady Biography: Letitia Tyler". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  30. (December 28, 1907). "Letitia Tyler Biography :: National First Ladies' Library". Firstladies.org.
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  32. "First Lady Biography: Julia Tyler". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  33. "Biography of Sarah Polk". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  34. "First Lady Biography: Sarah Polk". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  35. "Biography of Margaret Taylor". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  36. "First Lady Biography: Margaret Taylor". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  37. "Biography of Abigail Fillmore". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  38. "First Lady Biography: Abigail Fillmore". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  39. "Biography of Jane Pierce". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  40. "First Lady Biography: Jane Pierce". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  41. "Biography of Harriet Lane". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  42. "First Lady Biography: Harriet Lane". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  43. "Biography of Mary Lincoln". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  44. "First Lady Biography: Mary Lincoln". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  45. "Biography of Eliza McCardle Johnson". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  46. "First Lady Biography: Eliza Johnson". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  47. "Biography of Julia Grant". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  48. "First Lady Biography: Julia Grant". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  49. "Biography of Lucy Hayes". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  50. "First Lady Biography: Lucy Hayes". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  51. "Biography of Lucretia Garfield". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  52. "First Lady Biography: Lucretia Garfield". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  53. (1885). "Mary Arthur McElroy, White House hostess for President Chester Arthur". [[Library of Congress]].
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  55. "Biography of Frances Cleveland". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  56. "First Lady Biography: Frances Cleveland". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  57. "Biography of Caroline Harrison". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  58. "First Lady Biography: Caroline Harrison". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  59. "Biography of Ida McKinley". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  60. "First Lady Biography: Ida McKinley". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  61. "Biography of Edith Roosevelt". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  62. "First Lady Biography: Edith Roosevelt". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  63. "Biography of Helen Taft". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  64. "First Lady Biography: Helen Taft". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  65. "Biography of Ellen Wilson". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  66. "First Lady Biography: Ellen Wilson". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  67. "First Lady - Ellen Wilson". [[C-SPAN]].
  68. "Biography of Edith Wilson". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  69. "First Lady Biography: Edith Wilson". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  70. "Biography of Florence Harding". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  71. "First Lady Biography: Florence Harding". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  72. "Biography of Grace Coolidge". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  73. "First Lady Biography: Grace Coolidge". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  74. "Biography of Lou Hoover". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  75. "First Lady Biography: Lou Hoover". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  76. "Biography of Eleanor Roosevelt". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  77. "First Lady Biography: Eleanor Roosevelt". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  78. "Biography of Bess Truman". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  79. "First Lady Biography: Bess Truman". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  80. "Biography of Mamie Eisenhower". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  81. "First Lady Biography: Mamie Eisenhower". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  82. "Biography of Jacqueline Kennedy". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  83. "First Lady Biography: Jackie Kennedy". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  84. "Biography of Lady Bird Johnson". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  85. "First Lady Biography: Lady Bird Johnson". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  86. "Biography of Pat Nixon". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  87. "First Lady Biography: Pat Nixon". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  88. "Biography of Betty Ford". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  89. "First Lady Biography: Betty Ford". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  90. "Biography of Rosalynn Carter". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  91. "First Lady Biography: Rosalynn Carter". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  92. "Biography of Nancy Reagan". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  93. "First Lady Biography: Nancy Reagan". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  94. "Biography of Barbara Bush". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  95. "First Lady Biography: Barbara Bush". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  96. "Biography of Hillary Clinton". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  97. "First Lady Biography: Hillary Clinton". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  98. "Biography of Laura Bush". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  99. "First Lady Biography: Laura Bush". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  100. "Biography of Michelle Obama". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  101. "First Lady Biography: Michelle Obama". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  102. "Biography of Melania Trump". [[whitehouse.gov]].
  103. "First Lady Biography: Melania Trump". [[National First Ladies' Library]].
  104. "Biography of Jill Biden". [[whitehouse.gov]].
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