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List of European Council meetings

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List of European Council meetings
Summary

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This is a list of meetings of the European Council (informally referred to as EU summits); the meetings of the European Council, an institution of the European Union (EU) comprising heads of state or government of EU member states. They started in 1975 as tri-annual meetings. The number of meetings grew to minimum four per year between 1996 and 2007, and minimum six per year since 2008. From 2008 to 2019, an average of seven council meetings per year took place. A record number of meetings (13) were held during 2020 - although mostly as informal video conferences; as the meeting frequency and format was changed this specific year by the COVID-19 pandemic. Since 2021, an average of eight council meetings per year took place (see list below).

Since 2008, an annual average of two special Euro summits were also organized in addition – and often in parallel – to the EU summits. As the agenda of Euro summits is restricted solely to discuss issues for the eurozone and only invite political leaders of the eurozone member states, such meetings are not counted as European Councils. Neither are any of the Tripartite Social Summits, that were held bi-annually since May 2021 between the EU Council presidency, Council President, Commission President and the European social partners at top management level (BusinessEurope, European Trade Union Confederation, SGI Europe, SMEunited and CEC European Managers).

The current practice is that meetings are always called and organized to the extent found needed by the European Council president. The upcoming ordinary meetings are scheduled by the end of each semester, by the issuance of a call letter. In 2011-2020 meetings were scheduled and called for the third following semester (minimum one year in advance), but this changed to minimum 6 months in advance for 2021-2023,Scheduling of ordinary meetings in 2021-2023:

I/2021 II/2021 I/2022 II/2022 I/2023 II/2023 while meetings in 2024 were only called shortly before the first meeting of the specific semester in concern;Scheduling of ordinary meetings in 2024:

I/2024 II/2024 although they have again been called minimum one year in advance since 2025.Scheduling of ordinary meetings since 2025:

I/2025 II/2025

I/2026

All call letters for ordinary meetings

The ordinary meetings can take form either as "scheduled ordinary meetings" (always resulting in a published document entitled "conclusions") or "informal ordinary meetings" (never resulting in a published document entitled "conclusions" - but instead often with a published document entitled "statement" or "declaration"). A called scheduled/informal ordinary upcoming meeting might occasionally be moved or cancelled within a short notice, with such change then being notified by the Council president through the issue of a revised calendar plan for the ordinary meetings within the semester in concern. If extra meetings are called outside the procedure of notification by an issued call letter for the upcoming semester in concern, meaning when they are called at short notice to be held within an ongoing semester, then they are referred to as "extraordinary meetings". The phrase "special meeting" is synonymously used for an "extraordinary meeting".

Extraordinary meetings can - just like the ordinary meetings - be held either in a formal or informal format. The list does not specify whether or not an extraordinary meeting was formal or informal, but this can be indirectly observed when checking the title of the published document summarizing the outcome of the meeting, as "conclusions" can only be published if the extraordinary meeting had a formal format.

List

The first seven summit meetings were held between 1961 and 1974, but this was before the formal establishment of the European Council. Some sources however consider them to be the informal seven first meetings of the European Council.

1970s

#YearDateTypeEU Council presidencyPresident-in-OfficeCommission PresidentHost cityNotes1197510–11 March216–17 July31–2 December419761–2 April512–13 July629–30 November7197725–27 March829–30 June95–6 December1019787–8 April116–7 July124–5 December13197912–13 March1421–22 June1529–30 November
―IrelandLiam CosgraveFrançois-Xavier OrtoliDublinInaugural formal Council
―ItalyAldo MoroBrusselsweb archive
―RomeEstablished TREVI
―LuxembourgGaston ThornLuxembourg
―NetherlandsJoop den UylBrusselsweb archive
―The Hagueweb archive
―United KingdomJames CallaghanRoy JenkinsRomeweb archive
―Londonweb archive
―BelgiumLeo TindemansBrusselsweb archive
―DenmarkAnker JørgensenCopenhagenweb archive
―West GermanyHelmut SchmidtBremenweb archive
―Brusselsweb archive
―FranceValéry Giscard d'EstaingParisweb archive
―Strasbourgweb archive
―IrelandJack LynchDublinweb archive

1980s

#YearDateTypeEU Council presidencyPresident-in-OfficeCommission PresidentHost cityNotes16198017–18 April1712–13 June181–2 December19198123–24 March2029–30 June2126–27 November22198229–30 March2328–29 June243–4 December25198321–22 March2617–19 June274–6 December28198419–20 March2925–26 June303–4 December31198529–30 March3228–29 June332–3 December34198626–27 June355–6 December36198729–30 June374–5 December38198811–13 February3927–28 June402–3 December41198926–27 June4218 November438–9 December
―ItalyFrancesco CossigaRoy JenkinsLuxembourgweb archive
―Veniceweb archive
―LuxembourgPierre WernerLuxembourgweb archive
―NetherlandsDries van AgtGaston ThornMaastrichtweb archive
―Luxembourgweb archive
―United KingdomMargaret ThatcherLondonweb archive
―BelgiumWilfried MartensBrusselsweb archive
―Brusselsweb archive
―DenmarkPoul SchlüterCopenhagenweb archive
―West GermanyHelmut KohlBrusselsweb archive
―Stuttgartweb archive
―GreeceAndreas PapandreouAthensweb archive
―FranceFrançois MitterrandBrusselsweb archiveweb archive
―FontainebleauBritish rebate agreed
―IrelandGarret FitzGeraldDublinweb archive
―ItalyBettino CraxiJacques DelorsBrusselsInitiated the IGC leading to the Single European Act
―Milanweb archive
―LuxembourgJacques SanterLuxembourgweb archive
―NetherlandsRuud LubbersThe Hagueweb archive
―United KingdomMargaret ThatcherLondonweb archive
―BelgiumWilfried MartensBrusselsweb archive
―DenmarkPoul SchlüterCopenhagenweb archive
―West GermanyHelmut KohlBrusselsweb archive
―Hanoverweb archive
―GreeceAndreas PapandreouRhodesweb archive
―SpainFelipe GonzálezMadridweb archive
InformalFranceFrançois MitterrandParisweb archive
―StrasbourgwebEuropean Council endorses German reunification
despite some Anglo-French opposition.

1990s

Plaque commemorating the 1999 European Council meeting in Tampere
#YearDateTypeEU Council presidencyPresident-in-OfficeCommission PresidentHost cityNotes44199028 April4525–26 June4627–28 October4714–15 December4819918 April4928–29 June509–10 December51199227 June5216 October5311–12 December54199321–22 June5529 October5610–11 December57199424–25 June5815 July599–10 December60199526–27 June6122–23 October6215–16 December63199629 March6421–22 June655 October6613–14 December67199723 May6816–17 June6920–21 November7012–13 December7119983 May7215–16 June7324–25 October7411–12 December75199926 February7624–25 March7714 April783–4 June7915–16 October8010–11 December
ExtraordinaryIrelandCharles HaugheyJacques DelorsDublinweb archive
―Dublinweb archive
―ItalyGiulio AndreottiRomeweb archive
―Romeweb archive
InformalLuxembourgJacques SanterLuxembourgweb archive
―Luxembourgweb archive
―NetherlandsRuud LubbersMaastrichtSigning of the Treaty of Maastricht
―PortugalAníbal Cavaco SilvaLisbonweb archive
―United KingdomJohn MajorBirminghamweb archive
―Edinburghweb archive
―DenmarkPoul Nyrup RasmussenCopenhagenweb archive Copenhagen criteria agreed
―BelgiumJean-Luc DehaeneBrusselsweb archive
―Brusselsweb archive
―GreeceAndreas PapandreouCorfuSigning of the Accession Treaty of Austria, Finland,
Sweden and Norway (Norway did not ratify)
ExtraordinaryGermanyHelmut KohlBrusselsweb archive
―Essenweb archive
―FranceJacques ChiracJacques SanterCannesweb archive
ExtraordinarySpainFelipe GonzálezMajorca
―Madridweb archive
―ItalyLamberto DiniTurinweb archive
―Romano ProdiFlorenceweb archive
ExtraordinaryIrelandJohn BrutonDublin
―Dublinweb archive
InformalNetherlandsWim KokNoordwijk
―AmsterdamSigned Treaty of Amsterdam
ExtraordinaryLuxembourgJean-Claude JunckerLuxembourgExtraordinary European Council on Employment
―Luxembourg
ExtraordinaryUnited KingdomTony BlairBrusselsSpecial Council on the Euro decides the 11 states
which would enter the third stage of EMU
―Cardiffweb archive
InformalAustriaViktor KlimaPörtschach
―Viennaweb archive
InformalGermanyGerhard SchröderKönigswinter
―Manuel Marin (Interim)Berlinweb archive
InformalBrussels
―Cologneweb archive Details below table
ExtraordinaryFinlandPaavo LipponenRomano ProdiTampereSpecial meeting on justice and home affairs
―Helsinkiweb archive

2000s

#YearDateTypeEU Council presidencyPresident-in-OfficeCommission PresidentHost cityNotes81200023–24 March8219–20 June8313–14 October847–10 December85200123–24 March8615–16 June8721 September8819 October8914–15 December90200215–16 March9121–22 June9224–25 October9312–13 December94200317 February9520–21 March9616 April9719–20 June984 October9916–17 October10012–13 December101200425–26 March10217–18 June1034–5 November10416–17 December105200522–23 March10616–17 June10727 October10815–16 December109200623–24 March11015–16 June11120 October11214–15 December11320078–9 March11421–22 June11518–19 October11614 December117200813–14 March11819–20 June11913–14 July1201 September―12 October12115–16 October1227 November12311–12 December12420091 March12519–20 March1265 April12718–19 June12817 September12929–30 October13019 November13110–11 December
―PortugalAntónio GuterresRomano ProdiLisbonAgreed Lisbon Strategy
―Santa Maria da FeiraAgreement to allow entry of Greece to the Eurozone
InformalFranceJacques ChiracBiarritz
―NiceSigned Treaty of Nice
―SwedenGöran PerssonStockholmweb archive
―GothenburgEnlargement, sustainable development, economic growth
and structural reform, in addition to an EU-US summit
ExtraordinaryBelgiumGuy VerhofstadtBrusselsEmergency council – Terrorism
InformalGhentweb archive
―Laekenweb archive Details below table
―SpainJosé María Aznar LópezBarcelonaweb archive
―SevilleDecided to reorganise the Council formations
to achieve greater focus and efficiency
―DenmarkAnders Fogh RasmussenBrusselsweb archive
―Copenhagenweb archive
ExtraordinaryGreeceCostas SimitisBrusselsIraq crisis – Presidency conclusions
―BrusselsPresidency conclusions
InformalAthensSigning of the Treaty of Accession 2003,
Declaration on Iraq European Convention
―ThessalonikiPresidency conclusions of the June 2003 meeting
ExtraordinaryItalySilvio BerlusconiRomeBeginning of IGC on EU Constitution
―BrusselsPresidency conclusions of the October 2003 meeting
―BrusselsPresidency conclusions of the December 2003 meeting
―IrelandBertie AhernBrusselsDeclaration on combating terrorism
Presidency conclusions of the March 2004 meeting
―BrusselsPresidency conclusions of the June 2004 meeting
―NetherlandsJan Peter BalkenendeBrusselsPresidency conclusions of the November 2004 meeting
―José Manuel BarrosoBrusselsPresidency conclusions of the December 2004 meeting
―LuxembourgJean-Claude JunckerBrusselsPresidency conclusions of the March 2005 meeting
―Brussels[Declaration on the ratification of
the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe](http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/85325.pdf)
Presidency conclusions of the June 2005 meeting
InformalUnited KingdomTony BlairLondonGlobalisation
―BrusselsPresidency conclusions of the December 2005 meeting
―AustriaWolfgang SchüsselBrusselsPresidency conclusions of the March 2006 meeting
―BrusselsAgreement to allow entry of Slovenia to the Eurozone
Presidency conclusions of the June 2006 meeting
InformalFinlandMatti VanhanenLahtiMeeting with Vladimir Putin held in Sibelius Hall
―BrusselsPresidency conclusions of the December 2006 meeting
―GermanyAngela MerkelBrusselsPresidency conclusions of the March 2007 meeting
―BrusselsAgreement on basis for the Treaty of Lisbon
Agreement to allow entry of Malta and Cyprus to the Eurozone
Presidency conclusions of the June 2007 meeting
InformalPortugalJosé SócratesLisbonAgreement reached on the Reform Treaty
Discussed climate change and the subprime mortgage financial crisis.
―BrusselsSignature of Reform Treaty in Lisbon on 13/12
European Council in Brussels the next day
Presidency conclusions of the December 2007 meeting
―SloveniaJanez JanšaBrusselsAgreed timeframe and principles of energy/climate change policy
Presidency conclusions of the March 2008 meeting
―BrusselsPresidency conclusions of the June 2008 meeting
ExtraordinaryFranceNicolas SarkozyParisBarcelona process for the Mediterranean
ExtraordinaryBrusselsExtraordinary summit on EU-Russia relations (Georgia crisis)
Presidency conclusions of the September 2008 meeting
Euro summitParisEurozone summit conclusions of October 2008 meeting
―BrusselsPresidency conclusions of the October 2008 meeting
InformalBrusselsInformal summit on the 2008 financial crisis
Conclusions from meeting on the Global Financial Crisis
―BrusselsPresidency conclusions of the December 2008 meeting
InformalCzech RepublicMirek TopolánekBrusselsInformal summit on the 2008 financial crisis
Conclusions of the Global Financial Crisis meeting on 1 March 2009
―BrusselsPresidency conclusions of the March 2009 meeting
Informal
(EU-USA summit)Jan FischerPragueUS President Barack Obama in Prague
Conclusions of the EU-USA relations meeting in April 2009
―BrusselsIcelandic application accepted
Presidency conclusions of the June 2009 meeting
Press conference video: 1 and 2
InformalSwedenFredrik ReinfeldtBrusselsPreparation for the 2009 G-20 Pittsburgh summit
Presidency conclusions of the September 2009 meeting
Press conference video
―BrusselsPresidency conclusions of the October 2009 meeting
Press conference video
InformalBrusselsChose the first President of the European Council (Herman Van Rompuy) and the first
High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (Catherine Ashton)
Presidency conclusions of the November 2009 meeting
Press conference video
—BrusselsPresidency conclusions of the December 2009 meeting, Minutes
Press conference video: 1 and 2

2010s

Since 2010, all formal (scheduled or extraordinary) European Council meetings have taken place in Brussels and been chaired by a permanent President, as introduced by the Treaty of Lisbon. In February 2010 the exact location was the Solvay Library, subsequent meetings took place at the Justus Lipsius building and since March 2017 at the Europa Building.

#YearDateTypeEU Council presidencyCouncil PresidentCommission PresidentAgenda, Conclusions and MinutesPress conference132201011 February―25 March13325–26 March―7 May13417 June13516 September13628–29 October13716–17 December13820114 February―11 March13911 March14024–25 March14123–24 June―21 July14223 October―23–26 October14326 October1449 December―9 December―201230 January14530 January1461–2 March―2 March14723 May14828–29 June―28–29 June14918–19 October15022‑23 November15113–14 December15220137–8 February―14 March15314–15 March15422 May15527–28 June15624–25 October15719–20 December15820146 March15920–21 March16027 May16126–27 June16216 July16330 August16423–24 October―24 October16518 December166201512 February16719–20 March16823 April—url=http://www.consilium.europa.eu/press-releases-pdf/2015/6/40802199528_en.pdftitle=President Donald Tusk convenes a Euro Summit on Greece Monday 22 June at 19h00publisher=General Secretariat of the Councildate=18 June 2015access-date=19 June 2015archive-date=10 October 2016archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161010215101/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/press-releases-pdf/2015/6/40802199528_en.pdfurl-status=dead}}16925–26 June—url=http://www.consilium.europa.eu/press-releases-pdf/2015/7/40802200390_en.pdftitle=Invitation letter by President Donald Tusk to the Euro Summitpublisher=General Secretariat of the Councildate=6 July 2015access-date=8 July 2015archive-date=26 September 2017archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170926230641/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/press-releases-pdf/2015/7/40802200390_en.pdfurl-status=dead}}—12 July17023 September17115 October17212 November17317‑18 December174201618‑19 February17517–18 March17628 June29 June17716 September17820–21 October17915 December18020173 February, a.m.3 February, p.m.1819 March10 March18229 April18322–23 June22 June, evening18419–20 October20 October18517 November18614–15 December15 December15 December187201822–23 March23 March23 March18828–29 June29 June29 June18919–20 September20 September19017 October18 October, a.m.18 October, p.m.19113–14 December13 December14 December192201921 March22 March19310 April1949 May19528 May19620 June21 June21 June19730 June–2 July19817 October17–18 October19912–13 December13 December13 December
InformalSpainHerman Van Rompuy
(1st term)José Manuel Barroso
(2nd term)Statement.Video
Euro summitStatement.
ScheduledConclusions, MinutesVideo: 1 and 2
Euro summitStatement.Video
ScheduledConclusions, MinutesVideo
Extraordinary (special)BelgiumConclusions, Minutes, (note: the Ministers of Foreign Affairs were also present in this special European Council)Video
ScheduledConclusions, MinutesVideo: 1 and 2
ScheduledConclusions, MinutesVideo
ScheduledHungaryConclusions, MinutesVideo
Euro summitStatement.Video
ExtraordinaryDeclaration on EU policy for actions in Libya and the Southern Neighbourhood region, MinutesVideo
ScheduledConclusions, MinutesVideo: 1 and 2
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions, Minutes and corrigendumVideo: 1 and 2
Euro summitPolandStatement.Video
ScheduledConclusions, MinutesVideo
Euro summitStatement.url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422205551/http://video.consilium.europa.eu/webcast.aspx?ticket=775-988-10351date=22 April 2014 }} and 2
InformalWebsite, Statement.
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions, Minutesurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304182051/http://video.consilium.europa.eu/webcast.aspx?ticket=775-980-10542date=4 March 2012 }} and 2
Euro summitStatement
Euro summitDenmarkAgreed lines of communication.
InformalWebsite, Statement on growth and jobs, Growth and competitiveness, Foreign policy issues, Fiscal discipline and convergence, Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance.url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204041958/http://video.consilium.europa.eu/webcast.aspx?ticket=775-980-10711date=4 February 2012 }}
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions, Implementation of the European Semester, Fiscal Compact signed, Van Rompuy re-elected president, Minutes and corrigendumurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306075115/http://video.consilium.europa.eu/webcast.aspx?ticket=775-980-10845date=6 March 2012 }} and 2
Euro summitStatement.
InformalWebsite 1 and 2, Greece: euro area press lines, Tackling youth unemployment.date=December 2024bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }}
ScheduledHerman Van Rompuy
(2nd term)Website, Conclusions, Towards a genuine EMU (Council edition), European Council programme July 2012 to Dec.2014, Minutesurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422194521/http://video.consilium.europa.eu/webcast.aspx?ticket=775-980-11525date=22 April 2014 }} and 2
Euro summitStatementurl=https://archive.today/20130701104222/http://video.consilium.europa.eu/webcast.aspx?ticket=775-980-11535date=1 July 2013 }}
ScheduledCyprusWebsite, Conclusions, Conclusions on completing EMU, Towards a genuine EMU (interim report), Statement on Greece, Minutesdate=December 2024bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }} and 2
ExtraordinaryWebsite, Statement on EU's Multiannual Financial Framework 2014–20, Minutesurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422194151/http://video.consilium.europa.eu/webcast.aspx?ticket=775-980-12165date=22 April 2014 }}
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions, Conclusions on completing EMU, Towards a genuine EMU (final report), Agreed position on bank supervision (SSM), Minutesdate=December 2024bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }}
ScheduledIrelandWebsite, Conclusions, Multiannual Financial Framework.url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422194126/http://video.consilium.europa.eu/webcast.aspx?ticket=775-980-12483date=22 April 2014 }}
Euro summitNew procedure rules for Euro summits, Presidential Remarks
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions.url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422203209/http://video.consilium.europa.eu/CCUIv3/login.aspx?ticket=775-980-12678&userMode=videoOnlydate=22 April 2014 }} and 2
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions (Taxation and Energy), EC member numbers.date=December 2024bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }}
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions, EP in 2014–19, Genuine EMU.Video: 1 and 2
ScheduledLithuaniaWebsite, Conclusions.Video: 1 and 2
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions, Security & Defense conclusions.date=January 2025bot=medic}} and 2
ExtraordinaryGreeceWebsite (EU stands by Ukraine), Statement on Ukraine.Video and photo gallery
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions, Conclusions on Ukraine, EU sanctions against Russia, Signing of EU-Ukraine Association Agreement.Video: 1 and 2
InformalWebsite, Statement on Ukraine.date=December 2024bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }}
Scheduleddate=April 2019bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }}.date=April 2019bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }}
ExtraordinaryItalyWebsite, Conclusions, Conclusions on Ukraine and Gaza.date=April 2019bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }}
ExtraordinaryWebsite, Conclusions, Nomination of next European Council president and Foreign Affairs High Representative, Sanctions against Russia over Ukraine crisis.date=April 2019bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }} and 2, Ukrainian President 1a and 1b
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions, New Commission appointed, 2030 climate and energy policy framework, EU response on Ebola.date=April 2019bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }} and 2
Euro summitStatement
ScheduledDonald Tusk
(1st term)Jean-Claude JunckerWebsite, Conclusions, Crimea and Sevastopol: further EU sanctions.date=April 2019bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }}
InformalLatviaWebsite, Results of the informal meeting, Statement on the fight against terrorism, Next Steps on Better Economic Governance in the Euro Area (analytical note), Remarks about Ukrainian ceasefire.date=April 2019bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }}, Ukrainian ceasefire agreement
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions, Energy Union, Relations with Russia, European Semester 2015, Statement on Tunisia, Statement on Greece.date=April 2019bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }} and 2
ExtraordinaryWebsite, Statement, 10 point action plan to combat Mediterranean migratory pressures, Minutesdate=April 2019bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }}
Euro summitWebsite, Presidential remarks 1 and 2date=April 2019bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }}
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions, European Fund for Strategic Investments, Completing Europe's Economic and Monetary Union .date=December 2024bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }} and 2
Euro summitLuxembourgWebsite, Preparing Eurogroup meeting, Presidential Remarksdate=April 2019bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }}
Euro summitWebsite, Eurogroup meeting, Presidential Remarks, Statementdate=April 2019bot=InternetArchiveBotfix-attempted=yes }}
InformalWebsite, Presidential Remarks, StatementVideo
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
InformalWebsite, Presidential Remarks
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
ScheduledNetherlandsWebsite, Conclusions
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions, Minutes and corrigendum
Scheduled (postponed due to Brexit Referendum)Website, Conclusions, Minutes
Informalwithout UKWebsite, Statement
Informalwithout UKSlovakiaWebsite, Declaration and Roadmap
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
InformalMaltaWebsite, Statement and remarks
Informalwithout UKWebsite: "Main results: Preparations for the 60th anniversary of the Rome Treaties"
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions by the President, Minutes
Informalwithout UKWebsite: "Informal meeting"
Extraordinarywithout UKWebsite, European Council (Art. 50) guidelines for Brexit negotiations, Minutes
ScheduledDonald Tusk
(2nd term)Website, Annotated agenda, Conclusions
Extraordinarywithout UKWebsite, Annotated agenda, Decision by Heads of State and Government: *Procedure leading up to a decision on the relocation of the EMA and the EBA in the context of the UK's withdrawal from the Union*
ScheduledEstoniaWebsite, Conclusions
Extraordinarywithout UKWebsite
InformalWebsite
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
Euro SummitWebsite, Presidential Remarks
Extraordinarywithout UKOutcome: guidelines for Brexit negotiations
ScheduledBulgariaWebsite, Conclusions
Scheduledwithout UKWebsite
Euro SummitWebsite
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
Extraordinarywithout UKConclusions
Euro SummitWebsite, Statement
InformalAustriaWebsite
Informalwithout UKWebsite
Extraordinarywithout UKWebsite
ScheduledWebsite
Euro SummitWebsite
ScheduledWebsite
Extraordinarywithout UKWebsite
Euro SummitWebsite, Statement
Extraordinarywithout UKRomaniaWebsite, European Council Decision (EU) 2019/476 taken in agreement with the United Kingdom of 22 March 2019 extending the period under Article 50(3) TEU, Conclusions
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
Extraordinarywithout UKWebsite, European Council Decision (EU) 2019/584 taken in agreement with the United Kingdom of 11 April 2019 extending the period under Article 50(3) TEU, Conclusions
InformalWebsite
InformalWebsite
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
Euro SummitWebsite, Statement
Extraordinarywithout UKWebsite (see heading "Brexit")
ExtraordinaryRomania &
FinlandWebsite, Conclusions (nominations for President of the European Council, President of the Commission, High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and President of the European Central Bank)
Extraordinarywithout UKFinlandWebsite, Conclusions
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
ScheduledCharles MichelUrsula von der Leyen
(1st term)Website, Conclusions
Euro SummitWebsite, Statement
Extraordinarywithout UKWebsite, Conclusions

2020s

#YearDateTypeEU Council presidencyCouncil PresidentCommission PresidentAgenda, Conclusions, Declarations, Statements200202020–21 February20110 March20217 March20326 March20423 April20519 June20617–21 July20719 August2081–2 October20915–16 October21029 October21119 November21210–11 December―11 December213202121 January21425–26 February―25 March21525–26 March―7 May2167–8 May21724–25 May21824–25 June―25 June2195 October―20 October22021–22 October22116 December―16 December222202217 February22324 February22410–11 March―23 March22524–25 March22630–31 May22723–24 June―24 June2287 October―19 October22920–21 October23015 December23120239 February―22 March23223 March―24 March23329–30 June2346 October23517 October―25 October23626–27 October―27 October23714–15 December23820241 February―20 March23921–22 March―22 March24017–18 April24117 June24227 June24317 October2447–8 November24519 December24620253 February2476 March―19 March―20 March24820 March24926 June25019 August2511 October25223 October25324 November25418–19 December255202622 January25612 February25719–20 March25823-24 April25918–19 June
ExtraordinaryCroatiaCharles MichelUrsula von der Leyen
(1st term)Website
Extraordinary
(Informal video conference)Website
Extraordinary
(Informal video conference)Website
Informal
(informal video conference - replacing scheduled meeting)Website, Statement
Extraordinary
(Informal video conference)Website
Informal
(informal video conference - replacing scheduled meeting)Website
ExtraordinaryGermanyWebsite, Conclusions
Extraordinary
(Informal video conference)Website
ExtraordinaryWebsite, Conclusions
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
Extraordinary
(Informal video conference)Website
Extraordinary
(Informal video conference)Website
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
Euro summitWebsite, Statement
Extraordinary
(Informal video conference)PortugalWebsite
Extraordinary
(Informal video conference)Website, Statement
Euro summit
(Informal video conference)Website, Statement
Informal
(Informal video conference - replacing scheduled meeting)Website, Statement
Tripartite Social SummitWebsite, Statement
InformalWebsite, Declaration
ExtraordinaryWebsite, Conclusions
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
Euro summitWebsite, Statement
InformalSloveniaWebsite
Tripartite Social SummitWebsite, Main Messages
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
Euro summitWebsite, Statement
InformalFranceWebsite
ExtraordinaryWebsite, Conclusions
InformalWebsite, Declaration
Tripartite Social SummitWebsite, Main messages
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
ExtraordinaryWebsite, Conclusions
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
Euro summitWebsite, Statement
InformalCzech RepublicWebsite, Remarks
Tripartite Social SummitWebsite, Main messages
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
ExtraordinarySwedenWebsite, Conclusions
Tripartite Social SummitWebsite, Main Messages
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
Euro summitWebsite, Statement
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
InformalSpainWebsite, Declaration
Extraordinary
(video conference)Website, Statement
Tripartite Social SummitWebsite, Main Messages
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
Euro summitWebsite, Statement
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
ExtraordinaryBelgiumWebsite, Conclusions
Tripartite Social SummitWebsite, Main Messages
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
Euro summitWebsite, Statement
ExtraordinaryWebsite, Conclusions
InformalWebsite
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions
ScheduledHungaryWebsite, Conclusions
InformalWebsite, Declaration
ScheduledAntónio CostaUrsula von der Leyen
(2nd term)Website, Conclusions
Informal
(EU-UK defence meeting)PolandWebsite
Extraordinary
(EU defence & Ukraine)Website, Conclusions, Ukraine support
Tripartite Social SummitWebsite, Main Messages
Euro summitWebsite, Statement
ScheduledWebsite, Conclusions, Ukraine support
ScheduledWebsite
Extraordinary (Ukraine)DenmarkWebsite
InformalWebsite
ScheduledWebsite
Extraordinary (Ukraine)Website
ScheduledWebsite
InformalCyprusWebsite
InformalWebsite
ScheduledWebsite
InformalWebsite
ScheduledWebsite

Notable details

Cologne 1999

The European Council met in Cologne, Germany, on 3–4 June 1999 to consider issues after the Treaty of Amsterdam came into force. Romano Prodi presented his plan for the future Commission's work and reform program. The Council called for an EU Charter of Fundamental Rights.

The Council designated Javier Solana for the post of Secretary-General of the Council of the European Union (with Pierre de Boissieu as his deputy) and High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP). It decided on a common policy on Russia (first use of the CFSP). Adopted the declaration on Kosovo. In relation to the European Security and Defence Policy, a major element of the CFSP, the council declared that the EU "must have the capacity for autonomous action, backed up by credible military forces, the means to decide to use them, and a readiness to do so, in order to respond to international crises without prejudice to actions by NATO".

Gothenburg 2001

The 2001 meeting of the European Council was held in the Swedish city of Gothenburg, from 14 to 16 June.

The EU Summit focused upon EU enlargement, sustainable development, economic growth and structural reform issues. The EU–US summit included a visit by U.S. president George W. Bush on 14 June. It was the first U.S. presidential visit to Sweden, and was intended as an opportunity to discuss differences on climate negotiations, WTO and Middle East issues with the EU leaders. It was marred by extensive demonstrations.

The main protests were organised by three broad coalitions, a local coalition Bush Go home that opposed U.S. foreign policy, a Sweden-based coalition Network Gothenburg 2001 which opposed Swedish membership in the EU and EMU and an international coalition Gothenburg Action 2001, a proponent of "another Europe", opponent of EU militarisation, the Schengen Agreement, and defending the public sector and the environment from becoming trade commodities and EMU. There was also a broad Iranian and a smaller anti-capitalist coalition as well as non-violent networks and Reclaim the Streets organising demonstrations and a street party.

According to the police, more than 50,000 demonstrators gathered in Gothenburg during the three days of the summit, among them a smaller number with foreign nationality. The demonstrating organisations arranged many conferences, the biggest conference (besides, of course, the EU summit itself) being Fritt forum (Free Forum) which hosted 50 lectures and seminars and was funded by the city of Gothenburg, the Swedish justice department and Sweden's foreign ministry department among others. The summit was guarded by approximately 2500 police officers.

Besides a number of encounters and skirmishes there were a number of riots. The first one occurred on 14 June after the police had surrounded and enclosed the Hvitfeldtska gymnasiet where demonstrators had been invited by the city to stay during the summit. The second occurred in the morning of 15 June in conjunction with a demonstration of 2000 participants organised by the anti-capitalist organisation, and it resulted in violent clashes with the police and damage of Gothenburg's main street Kungsportsavenyn. Later in the evening during the Reclaim the City demonstration, a police unit came under attack by demonstrators throwing projectiles. The police subsequently fired shots at the demonstrators. Three persons were injured by gunshots, one of whom was seriously injured. This was the first use of firearms against Swedish demonstrators since the Ådalen shootings in 1931.

The riots were followed by prison sentences for 64 persons convicted of criminal behaviour. In total demonstrators were sent to prison for almost 50 years. As of 2006, no police officer has been convicted of wrongdoing during the summit. One officer was tried and convicted for committing perjury during a trial against a Gothenburg demonstrator.

The riots left large areas of central Gothenburg demolished due to the violent protests of the demonstrators, as well as leaving many stores looted.

[[Göran Persson]] (in the middle) with [[George W. Bush]] and [[Romano Prodi]] in Gothenburg, 14 June 2001.

The summit meeting of the European Union was notable because heads of states from the EU gathered in Gothenburg, and also because the American President George W. Bush visited Sweden for the first time on the day before the summit meeting. As a reaction to this, protesters from all over the world planned to gather in Gothenburg to demonstrate under different banners. The City of Gothenburg assisted the out-of-town protesters by providing living quarters in different schools around Gothenburg and a convergence center, first at Hvitfeldtska gymnasiet and later moved to Schillerska Gymnasiet.

The political background to the protests was a conjuncture of three forces. EU-criticism and opposition to membership in the EU was stronger in Sweden than anywhere else in the union. Secondly a wave of globalisation protests against neoliberalism had gained momentum after the protests during the EU Summit in Amsterdam 1997 and the WTO meeting in Seattle 1999. Anti-war and environmental concerns against the U.S. was a third factor.

The police planned and gathered their forces in anticipation of the meeting. Never before had this many heads of state met in Sweden, and thousands of police were to stand guard in Gothenburg to keep order during these three days of June 2001. The police had long prepared for disturbances and also had many different intelligence services directed at the groups participating in the planning of demonstrations. There were differing opinions amongst the police forces involved. The security police did not want the Hvitfeldtska gymnasiet to be used as they felt it was too close to the EU Summit while the Gothenburg police insisted on having the demonstrators there. American police tactics against protesters were in use such as a psycho-tactic unit that was supposed to have a dialogue with demonstrating organisations.

The police, the local authority and the different demonstration coalitions had arranged a dialogue group where they planned and discussed the demonstrations to ensure they would be as peaceful as possible.

The officers in command of the action stated that they were very pleased with how the police had served during the summit (an opinion which at the time was shared by the government). It was claimed that the police successfully had used advance information about demonstrators and undercover police officers among the demonstrators to among other things find out about the "secret" information central.

According to the police, they acted completely in accordance with the Police Law.

The Swedish Police Union strongly criticised the way the police actions had been led and managed. In its report "Chaos" – regarding the Command in Gothenburg in June 2001 it is stated that a majority of the police who were on duty during the time felt they did not have enough resources to carry out their duties in a proper manner and that orders were confusing.

Statistics:

  • Crimes reported: 3,143 (as of February 2002)
  • Detained (gripna) for criminal actions: 554
  • Detained (omhändertagna) by the police (including following two listings): 575
    • Detained (omhändertagna) by the police in the power of §13 of the police law (aka PL13): 387
    • Detained (omhändertagna) by the police in the power of §11 of the police law (aka PL11): 188
  • Arrested (anhållna): 107
  • Detained while pending trial (häktade): 59
  • Number of verdicts: 38
  • Number of "EU-related" (i.e. related to events during the EU-summit) persons injured (treated by hospitals in the region of Västra Götaland): 143
    • Police: 53
    • Demonstrators: 90

The total sum of the sentences following the riots during the EU summit was roughly 50 years in prison, which according to the journalist Erik Wijk is 12 times more than earlier riots. No police were convicted despite a large number of complaints.

One of the most noticed cases is the so-called information central, which was stormed by Nationella insatsstyrkan during the first day of the summit. A total of eight persons (five men, three women) were sentenced to long prison sentences after having sent out text messages urging people to go to Hvitfeldtska gymnasiet in connection with the police shutdown of the school.

The police officer in charge for the EU summit, , was accused in a trial of preventing about 100 people at the Schillerska from leaving the place for several hours, but was found not guilty.

Göteborgsaktionen ("The Gothenburg Action") involved 87 organisations out of whom 33 were Swedish, 22 Danish, 9 Finnish, 5 Norwegian, 4 European and some other mainly from different Eastern European countries. Nätverket Göteborg ("The Gothenburg Network") involved over 20 organisations.

Laeken 2001

The Laeken European Council was held at the royal palace at Laeken, Belgium, on 14–15 December 2001.

The Laeken European Council dealt with:

  • New measures in the area of Justice and Home Affairs: the European arrest warrant, a common definition of "terrorism", and EUROJUST
  • The seats of ten new EU agencies (after hours of disagreement, the European Council failed to reach an agreement and decided to leave the decision until next year)
  • Impending introduction of Euro cash (the European Council met with the Finance ministers to consider this)
  • Progress of EU enlargement
  • The adoption of the Laeken Declaration on the Future of Europe

The Laeken Declaration on the Future of Europe established the European Convention, presided over with former President of France, Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, as President of the convention, and former Italian Prime Minister Giuliano Amato and former Belgian Prime Minister Jean-Luc Dehaene as Vice-Presidents. The convention was tasked with drafting the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe, and would have about 60 members, drawn from national governments, national parliamentarians, the European Parliament, and the European Commission, and include representatives from the candidate countries. The declaration reviews the progress of European integration over the last fifty years, tracing it back to its origins in the horrors of World War II, and poses a number of questions to be answered by the convention.

References

References

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    [http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-231-2012-INIT/en/pdf I/2014] ([http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-231-2012-REV-1/en/pdf 1st rev], [http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-231-2012-REV-2/en/pdf 2nd rev], [http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-231-2012-REV-3/en/pdf 3rd rev], [http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160515161851/http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST%2D231%2D2012%2DREV%2D3/en/pdf archived])
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    [http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-251-2013-INIT/en/pdf I/2015] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20160305050150/http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-251-2013-INIT/en/pdf archived])
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  40. "SOU_2002:122". [[Government of Sweden]].
  41. (10 June 2011). "Många oskyldiga drabbades". [[Göteborgs-Posten]].
  42. EU summit]] in Gothenburg. Its summary reads: "The picture of the command during the EU summit can be summarized in one word: Chaos. Lack of education, lack of materiel and communication, as well as confusing orders and an inner chaos within the police."
  43. "Rikspolisstyrelsens utvärdering av EU-kommenderingen i Göteborg år 2001".
  44. Please note some problems translating Swedish judicial terms such as ''gripa'', ''omhänderta'' and ''anhålla'' into English. While the terms ''gripna'', ''omhändertagna'' and ''anhållna'' all translate to ''arrested'' or ''detained'', in Swedish judicial language they have different value, ''anhållna'' being the gravest form of arrest, in fact the only form where the detainee is under the suspicion of committing (a) criminal act(s). Also note the difference between only being ''detained'' (''gripen'', as under §11 and §13 of the Swedish police law) and being detained ''while pending trial''.
  45. Wijk, Erik. (2003). "Orätt: rättsrötan efter Göteborgshändelserna". Ordfront.
  46. (23 November 2004). "Jaldung friad i hovrätten". [[Sveriges Television]].
  47. (16 March 2005). "Press Releases".
  48. link. (7 February 2012)
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