List of countries by government budget

International Monetary Fund

In the following table, for each country or territory, governments' revenue, expenditure, and net lending (+)/borrowing (-) figures from the IMF are shown, expressed as a percentage of GDP and in current USD, calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Sorting is alphabetical by ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 country code.

Values are based upon GDP in national currency converted to U.S. dollars using market exchange rates (yearly average). Exchange rate projections are provided by country economists for the group of other emerging market and developing countries. Exchanges rates for advanced economies are established in the WEO assumptions for each WEO exercise. Expenditure-based GDP is total final expenditures at purchasers' prices (including the f.o.b. value of exports of goods and services), less the f.o.b. value of imports of goods and services.

World Bank

In the following table, for each country or territory, revenue, grants, and expense figures from World Bank are shown, expressed in million current local currency units (LCUs) and as a percentage of GDP. Sorting is alphabetical by ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 country code.

Central Intelligence Agency

In the following table, for each country or territory, revenues and expenditures figures from the CIA are shown, calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Budget surplus or deficit records the difference between national government revenues and expenditures, expressed as a percent of GDP. A positive (+) number indicates that revenues exceeded expenditures (a budget surplus), while a negative (-) number indicates the reverse (a budget deficit). Sorting is alphabetical by ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 country code.

Purchasing Power Parity

The following is a list of countries by their partial forecasted estimated government budgets. The GDP dollar (INT$) data given on this page are derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations. Comparisons using PPP are arguably more useful than nominal when assessing a nation's domestic market because PPP takes into account the relative cost of local goods, services and inflation rates of the country, rather than using international market exchange rates which may distort the real differences in per capita income. PPP is often used to gauge global poverty thresholds and is used by the United Nations in constructing the human development index. It is however limited when measuring financial flows between countries. These surveys such as the International Comparison Program include both tradable and non-tradable goods in an attempt to estimate a representative basket of all goods.

For some countries like Brazil, only the federal budget is shown. For most other countries, the total budget is shown. Although Germany is a country, the statistics for Germany represent total general government spending. Similar to Germany, Russia has a federative structure and a three layer budget system, here the total government spending is shown. Data are in millions of international dollars. Only sovereign states with over 500 billion in budget are included.

References

References

1. [[Our World in Data]]. "Government revenues as a share of GDP".
2. [[Our World in Data]]. "Central government expenditure as share of GDP".
3. "General government net lending/borrowing, Percent of GDP".
4. [[International Monetary Fund]]. (October 2024). "World Economic Outlook Database".
5. [[World Bank]]. "Revenue, excluding grants (current LCU)".
6. [[World Bank]]. "Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP)".
7. [[World Bank]]. "Grants and other revenue (current LCU)".
8. [[World Bank]]. "Expense (current LCU)".
9. [[World Bank]]. "Expense (% of GDP)".
10. [[Central Intelligence Agency]]. "The World Factbook {{!}} Budget".
11. [[Central Intelligence Agency]]. "The World Factbook {{!}} Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)".
12. [[World Bank]]. "Metadata Glossary".
13. [[Central Intelligence Agency]]. "Definitions and Notes".
14. [[International Monetary Fund]]. (October 2024). "World Economic Outlook Database".
15. "Part 4. Applications and Limitations of ICP Data".
16. [https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2007/03/basics.htm PPP Versus the Market: Which Weight Matters?] {{Webarchive. link. (2018-06-24, imf.org, March 2007, Volume 44, Number 1)
17. Statistical Office of the European Communities. "Government finance statistics summary tables: data 1996–2010". Office for Official Publication of the European Communities.
18. "Исполнение расходов :: Министерство финансов Российской Федерации".
19. "Report for Selected Country Groups and Subjects (PPP valuation of country GDP)". IMF.
20. "Report for Selected Country Groups and Subjects (PPP valuation of country GDP)". IMF.