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List of conflicts in Africa

List of a wikimedia project

List of a wikimedia project

This is a list of conflicts in Africa arranged by country, both on the continent and associated islands, including wars between African nations, civil wars, and wars involving non-African nations that took place within Africa. It encompasses pre-colonial wars, colonial wars, wars of independence, secessionist and separatist conflicts, major episodes of national violence (riots, massacres, etc.), and global conflicts in which Africa was a theatre of war.

[[North Africa]]

Main article: List of conflicts in North Africa

[[Algeria]]

Main article: List of conflicts in Algeria

  • 264 BC – 146 BC Punic Wars
  • 112 BC – 106 BC Jugurthine War
  • 49 BC – 45 BC Caesar's civil war
  • 533 – 534 Vandalic War
  • 533 – 548 Byzantine–Moorish wars
  • 622 – 750 Early Muslim conquests
    • 629 – 1050s Arab–Byzantine wars
      • 647 – 709 Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
  • 1299 – 1307 Siege of Tlemcen (1299–1307)
  • 1335 – 1337 Siege of Tlemcen (1335–1337)
  • 1492 – 1792 Spanish–Ottoman wars
    • 1519 Algiers expedition (1519)
    • 1526 – 1791 Ottoman–Habsburg wars
    • 1537 – 1540 Ottoman–Venetian War (1537–1540)
    • 1541 Algiers expedition (1541)
    • 1543 Spanish expedition to Tlemcen (1543)
    • 1543 Expedition to Mostaganem (1543)
    • 1555 Capture of Béjaïa (1555)
    • 1556 Siege of Oran (1556)
  • 1526 – 1791 Ottoman–Habsburg wars
    • 1563 Sieges of Oran and Mers El Kébir
  • 1535 Spanish expedition to Tlemcen (1535)
  • 1550 – 1795 Conflicts between the Regency of Algiers and Morocco
  • late 16th century Revolt of Sidi Yahia
  • 1609 – 1628 Franco-Algerian war (1609–1628)
  • 1628 Tunisian–Algerian War (1628)
  • 1664 Djidjelli expedition
  • 1681 – 1688 Franco–Algerian war (1681–1688)
  • 1694 Tunisian–Algerian War (1694)
  • 1707 – 1708 Siege of Oran (1707–1708)
  • 1732 Spanish conquest of Oran (1732)
  • 1769 – 1772 Danish–Algerian War
  • 1775 – 1785 Spanish–Algerian War (1775–1785)
    • 1775 Invasion of Algiers (1775)
    • 1783 Bombardment of Algiers (1783)
    • 1784 Bombardment of Algiers (1784)
  • 1785 – 1795 American–Algerian War (1785–1795)
  • 1790 – 1792 Siege of Oran (1790–1792)
  • 1801 – 1815 Barbary Wars
    • 1815 Second Barbary War
  • 1807 Tunisian–Algerian War (1807)
  • 1811 Action of 22 May 1811
  • 1813 Tunisian–Algerian War (1813)
  • 1816 Bombardment of Algiers (1816)
  • 1830 – 1903 French conquest of Algeria
    • 1830 – 1875 Pacification of Algeria
    • 1871 – 1872 Mokrani Revolt
  • 1898 1898 Algerian riots
  • 1939 – 1945 World War II
    • 1940 – 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II
      • 1940 – 1943 North African Campaign
        • 1942 Operation Torch
      • 1940 – 1945 Battle of the Mediterranean
  • 1954 – 1962 Algerian War
    • 1958 May 1958 crisis
    • 1961 Algiers putsch of 1961
  • 1963 – 1964 Sand War
  • 1963 – 1964 Socialist Forces Front rebellion in Algeria
  • 1965 1965 Algerian coup d'état
  • 1967 1967 Algerian coup attempt
  • 1970 – present Western Sahara conflict
  • 1991 – 2002 Algerian Civil War
  • 2002 – ongoing Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)
    • 2007 – ongoing Operation Juniper Shield

[[Egypt]]

[[Prehistoric Egypt]]

  • c. 12th millennium BC War at Jebel Sahaba
  • c. 3270 BC Siege of Naqada

[[Ancient Egypt]]

  • c. 1206 – 1150 BC Late Bronze Age collapse
    • c. 1178 BC – 1175 BC Battle of the Nile Delta
  • 525 BC First Achaemenid conquest of Egypt
  • 499 BC – 449 BC Greco-Persian Wars
    • 477 BC – 449 BC Wars of the Delian League
  • 340 BC – 339 BC Second Achaemenid conquest of Egypt
  • 336 BC – 323 BC Wars of Alexander the Great
  • 133 BC – 44 BC Crisis of the Roman Republic
    • 49 BC – 45 BC Caesar's civil war
    • 32 BC – 30 BC War of Actium

[[Roman Egypt]]

  • 49 BC – 45 BC Caesar's civil war
  • 115 – 117 Diaspora Revolt
  • 235 – 284 Crisis of the Third Century
    • 270 Palmyrene invasion of Egypt
  • 602 – 628 Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628
    • 618 – 621 Sasanian conquest of Egypt

[[Rashidun Caliphate]]

  • 629 – 1050s Arab–Byzantine wars
    • 639 – 642 Arab conquest of Egypt
  • 656 – 661 First Fitna
    • 658 Umayyad invasions of Egypt

[[Umayyad Caliphate]]

  • 720 – 832 Bashmurian revolts

[[Abbasid Caliphate]]

  • 629 – 1050s Arab–Byzantine wars
    • 639 – 642 Arab conquest of Egypt
  • 914 – 915 Fatimid invasion of Egypt (914–915)
  • 919 – 921 Fatimid invasion of Egypt (919–921)
  • 969 Fatimid conquest of Egypt

[[Fatimid Caliphate]]

  • 971 First Qarmatian invasion of Egypt
  • 973 – 974 Second Qarmatian invasion of Egypt
  • 1095 – 1303 Crusades
    • 1163 – 1169 Crusader invasions of Egypt
  • 1169 Battle of the Blacks

[[Ayyubid Sultanate]]

  • 1095 – 1303 Crusades
    • 1217 – 1221 Fifth Crusade
    • 1248 – 1254 Seventh Crusade
  • 1173 Turan-Shah's Nubian campaign

[[Mamluk Sultanate]]

  • 1251 Battle of al-Kura
  • 1365 Alexandrian Crusade
  • 1367 Battle of Cairo (1367)
  • 1516 – 1517 Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–1517)

[[Ottoman Egypt]]

  • 1492 – 1792 Spanish–Ottoman wars
  • 1768 – 1774 Russo-Turkish war (1768–1774)
  • 1792 – 1802 French Revolutionary Wars
    • 1798 – 1802 War of the Second Coalition
      • 1798 – 1801 French invasion of Egypt and Syria
  • 1803 – 1807 Muhammad Ali's seizure of power
  • 1807 – 1809 Anglo-Turkish War (1807–1809)
  • 1821 – 1829 Greek War of Independence

[[Khedivate of Egypt]]

  • 1879 – 1882 Urabi revolt
  • 1881 – 1899 Mahdist War
  • 1882 Anglo-Egyptian War

[[Sultanate of Egypt]]

  • 1914 – 1918 World War I
    • 1914 – 1918 Middle Eastern theatre of World War I
      • 1915 – 1918 Sinai and Palestine campaign
    • 1914 – 1918 African theatre of World War I
      • 1915 – 1916 North African theatre of World War I
        • 1915 – 1917 Senussi campaign
  • 1918 – 1919 1919 Egyptian revolution

[[Kingdom of Egypt]]

[[Egypt|Arab Republic of Egypt]]

[[Libya]]

Main article: List of conflicts in Libya

  • 264 BC – 146 BC Punic Wars
  • 112 BC – 106 BC Jugurthine War
  • 429 – 442 Vandal conquest of Roman Africa
  • 461 – 468 Vandal War (461–468)
  • 533 – 534 Vandalic War
  • 647 – 709 Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
  • 761 Abbasid conquest of Ifriqiya
  • 1510 Spanish conquest of Tripoli
  • 1526 – 1791 Ottoman–Habsburg wars
    • 1551 – 1559 Italian War of 1551–1559
  • 1681 – 1685 French–Tripolitania War
  • 1699 – 1702 Maghrebi war (1699–1702)
  • 1705 Siege of Tripoli (1705)
  • 1711 1711 Karamanli coup
  • 1728 Bombardment of Tripoli (1728)
  • 1790 – 1795 Tripolitanian civil war
  • 1797 Action of 16 May 1797
  • 1801 – 1805 First Barbary War
  • 1825 Battle of Tripoli (1825)
  • 1828 Bombardment of Tripoli (1828)
  • 1835 – 1858 1835-1858 revolt in Ottoman Tripolitania
  • 1860 – 1890 Barasa–Ubaidat War
  • 1911 – 1932 Libyan resistance movement
    • 1911 – 1912 Italo-Turkish War
      • 1911 Italian invasion of Libya
    • 1923 – 1932 Second Italo-Senussi War
  • 1914 – 1918 World War I
    • 1914 – 1918 African theatre of World War I
      • 1915 – 1916 Military operations in North Africa during World War I
        • 1915 – 1917 Senussi campaign
  • 1920 – 1922 1920–1922 Jabal al-Gharbi civil war
  • 1939 – 1945 World War II
    • 1940 – 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II
      • 1940 – 1943 North African campaign
        • 1940 – 1943 Western Desert Campaign
      • 1940 – 1945 Battle of the Mediterranean
  • 1957 Battle of Essien (1957)
  • 1969 1969 Libyan revolution
  • 1969 1969 Libyan coup attempt
  • 1970 Black Prince conspiracy
  • 1977 Egyptian-Libyan War
  • 1981 Gulf of Sidra incident (1981)
  • 1984 Bab al-Azizia siege
  • 1986 Action in the Gulf of Sidra (1986)
  • 1986 1986 United States bombing of Libya
  • 1989 1989 air battle near Tobruk
  • 1993 1993 Libyan coup attempt
  • 2002 – present Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)
  • 2008 2008 Kufra conflict
  • 2011 Libyan civil war (2011)
  • 2011 – 2014 Factional violence in Libya (2011–2014)
  • 2014 – 2020 Libyan civil war (2014–present)
  • 2022 2022 Tripoli clashes
  • 2023 2023 Tripoli clashes
  • 2025 2025 Tripoli clashes

[[Morocco]]

Main article: List of conflicts in Morocco

  • 264 BC – 146 BC Punic Wars
  • 112 BC – 106 BC Jugurthine War
  • 429 – 442 Vandal conquest of Roman Africa
  • 533 – 534 Vandalic War
  • 647 – 709 Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
  • 718 – 1492 Reconquista
  • 739 – 743 Berber Revolt
  • 1033 1033 Fez massacre
  • 1260 Battle of Salé
  • 1415 – 1769 Moroccan-Portuguese conflicts
    • 1437 Battle of Tangier (1437)
    • 1458 Portuguese conquest of Ksar es-Seghir
    • 1463 – 1464 Siege of Tangier (1463–1464)
    • 1468 Anfa expedition (1468)
    • 1471 Conquest of Asilah
    • 1471 Portuguese conquest of Tangier
    • 1487 Chaouia expedition
    • 1490 Targa expedition (1490)
    • 1513 Battle of Azemmour
    • 1514 Battle of Tednest
    • 1514 Battle of the Alcaides
    • 1515 Raid of Marrakesh (1515)
    • 1515 Battle of Mamora (1515)
    • 1516 Portuguese expedition to Doukkala (1516)
    • 1533 Siege of Agadir (1533)
    • 1541 Fall of Agadir
    • 1562 Siege of Mazagan (1562)
    • 1578 Battle of Alcácer Quibir
    • 1640 Mazagan Ambush
    • 1696 Battle of Mamora (1696)
    • 1769 Siege of Mazagan (1769)
  • 1465 1465 Moroccan revolt
  • 16th century – 19th century Barbary–Portuguese conflicts
  • 1550 – 1795 Conflicts between the Regency of Algiers and Morocco
  • 1565 Blockade of the Tetuan River
  • 1614 Capture of La Mámora
  • 1680 Great Siege of Tangier
  • 1681 Siege of Mamora (1681)
  • 1689 Siege of Larache (1689)
  • 1690 – 1691 Siege of Asilah (1690–1691)
  • 1765 Larache expedition
  • 1775 – 1777 Dutch–Moroccan War (1775–1777)
  • 1784 Moroccan seizure of the Betsey
  • 1844 First Franco-Moroccan War
  • 1851 Bombardment of Salé (1851)
  • 1856 Battle of Tres Forcas
  • 1859 – 1860 Hispano-Moroccan War (1859–60)
  • 1893 Tafilalt expedition
  • 1893 – 1894 First Melillan campaign
  • 1905 – 1906 Tangier Crisis
  • 1907 – 1934 French conquest of Morocco
  • 1907 – 1908 Hafidiya
    • 1908 Battle of Marrakesh
  • 1909 Second Melillan campaign
  • 1911 Agadir Crisis
  • 1911 – 1912 Kert campaign
  • 1914 – 1918 World War I
    • 1914 – 1921 Zaian War
  • 1920 – 1926 Rif War
    • 1940 – 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II
      • 1940 – 1943 North African Campaign
  • 1957 – 1958 Ifni War
  • 1958 – 1959 Rif Revolt
  • 1963 – 1964 Sand War
  • 1970 – present Western Sahara conflict
    • 1975 – 1991 Western Sahara War
  • 1971 1971 Moroccan coup attempt
  • 1972 1972 Moroccan coup attempt
  • 2002 – present Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)
    • 2007 – present Operation Juniper Shield

[[Sudan]]

  • c. 1506 BC Egyptian Invasion of Kerma
  • 622 – 750 Early Muslim conquests
    • 642 First battle of Dongola
    • 652 Second battle of Dongola
  • 1820 – 1824 Turco-Egyptian conquest of Sudan (1820–1824)
  • 1873 – 1874 Conquest of Darfur (1873–1874)
  • 1881 – 1899 Mahdist War
  • 1908 Wad Habuba Revolt
  • 1914 – 1918 World War I
    • 1915 – 1916 Military operations in North Africa during World War I
      • 1916 Invasion of Darfur (1916)
  • 1939 – 1945 World War II
    • 1940 – 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II
      • 1940 – 1941 East African campaign (World War II)
  • 1955 – 1972 First Sudanese Civil War
  • 1983 – 2005 Second Sudanese Civil War
  • 1998 Operation Infinite Reach
  • 2003 – 2020 War in Darfur
  • 2006 Battle of Malakal
  • 2008 – present Sudanese nomadic conflicts
  • 2009 2009 Sudan airstrikes
  • 2011 – 2020 Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile
  • 2012 Heglig Crisis
  • 2018 – 2019 Sudanese Revolution
  • 2021 September 2021 Sudanese coup attempt
  • 2021 2021 Sudanese coup d'état
  • 2022 – 2023 Blue Nile clashes (2022–2023)
  • 2023 2023 Foro Baranga clashes
  • 2023 – present Sudanese civil war (2023–present)

[[Tunisia]]

[[Ancient Carthage|Carthaginian Empire]]

  • 264 BC – 146 BC Punic Wars
    • 264 BC – 241 BC First Punic War
    • 240 BC – 238 BC Mercenary War
    • 218 BC – 201 BC Second Punic War
    • 149 BC – 146 BC Third Punic War

[[Numidia|Kingdom of Numidia]]

  • 112 BC – 106 BC Jugurthine War

[[Africa (Roman province)|Roman Province of Africa]]

  • 83 BC – 82 BC Sulla's civil war
  • 49 BC – 45 BC Caesar's civil war
  • 235 – 284 Crisis of the Third Century
  • 429 – 432 Vandal conquest of Roman Africa
  • 439 Vandal War (439-442)
  • 461 – 468 Vandal War (461–468)

[[Vandal Kingdom]]

  • 533 – 534 Vandalic War

[[Praetorian prefecture of Africa|Byzantine Praetorian Prefecture of Africa]]

  • 533 – 548 Byzantine–Moorish wars

[[Exarchate of Africa|Byzantine Exarchate of Africa]]

  • 647 – 709 Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
    • 698 Battle of Carthage (698)

[[Aghlabids]]

  • 1087 Mahdia campaign of 1087

[[Almohad Caliphate]]

  • 1159 – 1160 Almohad conquest of Ifriqiya

[[Hafsid dynasty|Hafsid Dynasty]]

  • 1095 – 1303 Crusades
    • 1269 Eighth Crusade
  • 1329 Capture of Tunis (1329)
  • 1390 Barbary Crusade
  • 1424 Aragonese expedition to Tunisia of 1424

[[Ottoman Tunisia]]

  • 1492 – 1792 Spanish–Ottoman wars
    • 1526 – 1791 Ottoman–Habsburg wars
  • 1665 Action of March 1665
  • 1699 – 1702 Maghrebi war (1699–1702)
    • 1699 – 1700 Constantine campaign (1699–1700)
  • 1675 – 1705 Revolutions of Tunis

[[Beylik of Tunis]]

  • 1705 Tunisian–Algerian War (1705)
  • 1735 Capture of Tunis (1735)
  • 1742 Tabarka expedition (1742)
  • 1756 Capture of Tunis (1756)
  • 1784 – 1786 Venetian bombardments of the Beylik of Tunis
  • 1811 Action of 22 May 1811
  • 1813 Tunisian–Algerian War (1813)
  • 1864 – 1865 Mejba Revolt
  • 1881 French conquest of Tunisia

[[French protectorate of Tunisia|French Protectorate of Tunisia]]

  • 1939 – 1945 World War II
    • 1940 – 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II
      • 1940 – 1943 North African campaign
        • 1942 – 1943 Tunisian campaign
      • 1940 – 1945 Battle of the Mediterranean
  • 1952 – 1954 Tunisian Guerilla War

[[Tunisia|Republic of Tunisia]]

[[Western Sahara]]

  • 1970 – present Western Sahara conflict
    • 1973 – 1976 Sahrawi insurgency
    • 1975 Green March
    • 1975 – 1991 Western Sahara War
    • 2020 – present Western Saharan clashes (2020–present)

[[East Africa]]

[[Burundi]]

[[Comoros]]

[[Djibouti]]

  • 1874 – 1885 Egyptian Invasion of Harar
  • 1939 – 1945 World War II
    • 1940 – 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II
      • 1940 – 1941 East African campaign (World War II)
  • 1991 – 1994 Djiboutian Civil War
  • 2008 Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict

[[Eritrea]]

  • 1529 – 1543 Ethiopian–Adal War
  • 1557 – 1624 Ottoman conquest of Habesh
  • 1874 – 1876 Egyptian–Ethiopian War
  • 1881 – 1899 Mahdist War
  • 1894 Battle of Halai
  • 1895 – 1896 First Italo-Ethiopian War
  • 1935 – 1936 Second Italo-Ethiopian War
  • 1939 – 1945 World War II
    • 1940 – 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II
      • 1940 – 1941 East African campaign (World War II)
  • 1961 – 1991 Eritrean War of Independence
    • 1972 – 1981 Eritrean Civil Wars
      • 1972 – 1974 First Eritrean Civil War
      • 1980 – 1981 Second Eritrean Civil War
  • 1995 – 2018 Second Afar insurgency
  • 1995 Hanish Islands conflict
  • 1998 – 2018 Eritrean–Ethiopian border conflict
  • 2008 Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict
  • 2013 2013 Eritrean Army mutiny
  • 2018 – present Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)
    • 2020 – 2022 Tigray War
      • 2020 – 2022 Spillover of the Tigray war

[[Ethiopia]]

[[Sultanate of Showa|Makhzumi Dynasty]]

  • 1270 Battle of Ansata

[[Ethiopian Empire]]

  • 1314 – 1344 Amda Seyon I's expansions
    • 1332 Battle of Das
  • 1410 Battle of Zeila
  • 1413 Battle of Serjan
  • 1413 Battle of Zikr Amhara
  • 1422 Battle of Yedaya
  • 1423 Siege of Mukha
  • 1445 Battle of Gomit
  • 16th century – 17th century Oromo expansion
  • 1520 – 1526 Adalite Civil War
  • 1529 – 1543 Ethiopian–Adal War
  • 1538 – 1560 Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1560)
  • 1563 Battle of Endagabatan
  • 1569 Battle of Hadiya (1569)
  • 1576 Battle of Webi River
  • 1769 – 1855 Zemene Mesafint
    • 1771 Three battles of Sarbakusa
    • 1788 Battle of Madab
    • 1831 Battle of Debre Abbay
    • 1839 Battle of Konzoula
    • 1842 Battle of Debre Tabor
    • 1852 Battle of Gur Amba
    • 1853 Battle of Takusa
    • 1853 Battle of Ayshal
    • 1854 Battle of Amba Jebelli
    • 1855 Battle of Derasge
  • 1832 – 1848 Ethiopian–Ottoman border conflict
  • 1867 – 1868 British Expedition to Abyssinia
  • 1871 Battle of the Assem
  • 1874 – 1876 Egyptian–Ethiopian War
  • 1874 – 1885 Egyptian Invasion of Harar
  • 1878 – 1904 Menelik II's conquests
  • 1881 – 1899 Mahdist War
  • 1895 – 1896 First Italo-Ethiopian War
  • 1896 – 1920 Somaliland campaign
  • 1916 Battle of Segale
  • 1928 1928 Ethiopian coup d'état attempt
  • 1929 – 1930 Gugsa Wale's rebellion
  • 1935 – 1937 Second Italo-Ethiopian War
  • 1939 Arbegnoch rebellion of 1939
  • 1939 – 1945 World War II
    • 1940 – 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II
      • 1940 – 1941 East African campaign (World War II)
      • 1941 – 1943 Italian guerrilla war in Ethiopia
  • 1943 Woyane rebellion
  • 1948 – present Ethiopian–Somali conflict
  • 1960 1960 Ethiopian coup attempt
  • 1973 – present Oromo conflict
  • 1974 Ethiopian Revolution
  • 1974 – 1991 Ethiopian Civil War

[[Derg|Provisional Military Government of Socialist Ethiopia]]

  • 1948 – present Ethiopian–Somali conflict
  • 1974 – 1991 Ethiopian Civil War
  • 1981 – 1991 Somaliland War of Independence

[[Ethiopia|Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia]]

  • 1973 – present Oromo conflict
  • 1985 – 2023 Gambela conflict
  • 1991 – presentSomali Civil War
  • 1992 – 2018 Insurgency in Ogaden
  • 1994 – present Ethnic violence in Konso
  • 1994 – present Ethnic violence against Amaro Koore
  • 1995 – 2018 Gedeo-Guji clashes
  • 1998 – 2018 Eritrean–Ethiopian border conflict
  • 2002 – present Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa
  • 2005 2005 Ethiopian general election violence
  • 2012 Moyale clashes
  • 2016 – 2018 Oromo–Somali clashes
  • 2018 – present Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)
    • 2018 – present OLA insurgency
    • 2019 Amhara Region coup attempt
    • 2019 – 2022 Benishangul-Gumuz conflict
    • 2020 – 2024 Afar–Somali clashes
    • 2020 – 2022 Tigray War
    • 2020 – 2022 Al-Fashaga conflict
    • 2023 – present Fano insurgency

[[Madagascar]]

[[Malawi]]

  • 1915 Chilembwe uprising
  • 1959 – 1960 Nyasaland emergency of 1959
    • 1959 Operation Sunrise (Nyasaland)
  • 1992 – 1993 Operation Bwezani

[[Mauritius]]

  • 1792 – 1797 War of the First Coalition
  • 1792 – 1802 French Revolutionary Wars
    • 1793 – 1801 East Indies theatre of the French Revolutionary Wars
  • 1803 – 1815 Napoleonic Wars
    • 1809 – 1811 Mauritius campaign of 1809–1811

[[Mozambique]]

  • 16th century – 20th century Zimbabwean–Portuguese conflicts
  • 1847 – 1910 Angoche–Portuguese conflicts (1847–1910)
  • 1895 Battle of Marracuene
  • 1895 Battle of Coolela
  • 1897 Second Battle of Macontene
  • 1914 – 1918 World War I
    • 1914 – 1918 African theatre of World War I
      • 1914 – 1918 East African campaign (World War I)
    • 1917 – 1918 Barue uprising
  • 1964 – 1974 Mozambican War of Independence
  • 1964 – 1979 Rhodesian Bush War
  • 1977 – 1992 Mozambican Civil War
  • 2013 – 2021 RENAMO insurgency (2013–2021)
  • 2017 – ongoing Insurgency in Cabo Delgado

[[Kenya]]

  • 1500 – 1509 Portuguese conquest of the East African coast
    • 1505 Battle of Mombasa (1505)
  • 1528 Battle of Mombasa (1528)
  • 1586 – 1589 Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1586–1589)
    • 1589 Battle of Mombasa (1589)
  • 1696 – 1698 Siege of Mombasa (1696–1698)
  • 1813 Battle of Shela
  • 1914 – 1918 World War I
    • 1914 – 1918 African theatre of World War I
      • 1914 – 1918 East African Campaign (World War I)
  • 1939 – 1945 World War II
    • 1940 – 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II
      • 1940 – 1941 East African Campaign (World War II)
  • 1952 – 1960 Mau Mau Uprising
  • 1963 – present Somali–Kenyan conflict
    • 1963 – 1967 Shifta War
  • 1982 1982 Kenyan coup attempt
  • 1987 – 1990 Kenyan-Ugandan border conflict
  • 1998 – present Terrorism in Kenya
    • 2013 Westgate shopping mall attack
    • 2019 Nairobi DusitD2 complex attack
  • 2005 – 2008 Mount Elgon insurgency
  • 2007 – 2008 2007–2008 Kenyan crisis
  • 2009 – present Somali Civil War (2009–present)
  • 2012 – 2013 2012–2013 Tana River District clashes
  • 2012 Baragoi clashes

[[Réunion]]

  • 1803 – 1815 Napoleonic Wars
    • 1809 – 1811 Mauritius campaign of 1809–1811
  • 1939 – 1945 World War II
    • 1940 – 1945 Indian Ocean campaign

[[Rwanda]]

  • 1896 Battle of Shangi
  • 1912 Ndungutse's rebellion
  • 1914 – 1918 World War I
    • 1914 – 1918 African theatre of World War I
      • 1914 – 1918 East African Campaign (World War I)
  • 1959 – 1961 Rwandan Revolution
  • 1961 Coup of Gitarama
  • 1963 Bugesera invasion
  • 1973 1973 Rwandan coup d'état
  • 1990 – 1994 Rwandan Civil War
  • 2004 – present Kivu conflict
    • 2022 – 2025 Democratic Republic of the Congo–Rwanda conflict (2022–present)
  • 2012 2012 Congolese–Rwandan border clash

[[Seychelles]]

[[Somalia]]

[[Sultanate of Mogadishu]]

  • 766 – 837 Abbasid expeditions to East Africa

[[Adal Sultanate]]

  • 1424 – 1429 Campaigns of Jamal ad-Din II
  • 1500 – 1509 Portuguese conquest of the East African coast
  • 1499 – 1543 Somali–Portuguese conflicts
    • 1507 Battle of Barawa
    • 1517 Battle of Zeila
    • 1542 Battle of Benadir
  • 1520 – 1526 Adalite Civil War
  • 1529 – 1543 Ethiopian–Adal War

[[Isaaq Sultanate]]

  • 1825 – 1886 Anglo-Isaaq conflicts
    • 1827 British attack on Berbera (1827)
    • 1855 – 1856 Blockade of Berbera (1855–1856)

[[Emirate of Harar]]

  • 1874 – 1885 Egyptian invasion of Harar

[[British Somaliland]]

[[Italian East Africa]]

  • 1939 – 1945 World War II
    • 1940 – 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II
      • 1940 – 1941 East African campaign (World War II)

[[Somali Republic]]

[[Somali Democratic Republic]]

[[Somalia|Federal Republic of Somalia]]

  • 1991 – present Somali Civil War
    • 1992 – 1993 Unified Task Force
    • 1993 – 1995 United Nations Operation in Somalia II
    • 1995 – 2006 Consolidation of states within Somalia (1995–2006)
    • 1998 – present Puntland-Somaliland dispute
    • 2000 – present Piracy off the coast of Somalia
      • 2008 – present Operation Atalanta
      • 2009 – present Operation Ocean Shield
    • 2002 – 2016 Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa
    • 2006 Rise of the Islamic Courts Union
    • 2006 – 2009 Somalia War (2006–2009)
    • 2009 – present Somali Civil War (2009–present)
    • 2023 – present Las Anod conflict (2023–present)
    • 2024 – present Constitutional crisis in Somalia
      • 2024 – present Jubaland crisis

[[South Sudan]]

  • 1881 – 1899 Mahdist War
  • 1898 Fashoda Incident
  • 1955 – 1972 First Sudanese Civil War
  • 1960 – 1965 Congo Crisis
    • 1963 – 1965 Simba rebellion
  • 1983 – 2005 Second Sudanese Civil War
  • 1987 – present Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
  • 1996 – 1997 First Congo War
  • 2005 – 2006 Disarmament of the Lou Nuer
  • 2006 Battle of Malakal
  • 2008 – present Sudanese nomadic conflicts
  • 2010 – 2011 George Athor's rebellion
  • 2008 – present Sudanese nomadic conflicts
  • 2011 – 2020 Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile
  • 2012 Heglig Crisis
  • 2013 – 2020 South Sudanese Civil War
  • 2022 – present Abyei border conflict (2022–present)
  • 2025 2025 Nasir clashes

[[Tanzania]]

  • 1500 – 1509 Portuguese conquest of the East African coast
  • 1505 Sack of Kilwa
  • 1784 Oman–Zanzibar war
  • 1888 – 1889 Abushiri revolt
  • 1888 – 1889 Blockade of Zanzibar
  • 1896 Anglo-Zanzibar War
  • 1905 – 1907 Maji Maji Rebellion
  • 1914 – 1918 World War I
    • 1914 – 1918 African theatre of World War I
      • 1914 – 1918 East African Campaign (World War I)
  • 1964 Zanzibar Revolution
  • 1978 – 1979 Uganda–Tanzania War
  • 2017 – present Insurgency in Cabo Delgado

[[Uganda]]

  • 1881 – 1899 Mahdist War
  • 1892 Battle of Kampala Hill
  • 1914 – 1918 World War I
    • 1914 – 1918 African theatre of World War I
      • 1914 – 1918 East African Campaign (World War I)
  • 1960 – 1965 Congo Crisis
    • 1963 – 1965 Simba rebellion
  • 1966 Mengo Crisis
  • 1971 1971 Ugandan coup d'état
  • 1972 1972 invasion of Uganda
  • 1974 Arube uprising
  • 1976 Operation Entebbe
  • 1977 Operation Mafuta Mingi
  • 1977 1977 invasion of Uganda
  • 1978 – 1979 Uganda-Tanzania War
  • 1980 – 1986 Ugandan Bush War
  • 1986 – 1994 War in Uganda (1986-1994)
  • 1987 – 1990 Kenyan-Ugandan border conflict
  • 1987 – present Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
  • 1996 – present Allied Democratic Forces insurgency
  • 1996 – 2002 UNRF II insurgency
  • 2016 Kasese clashes

[[Zambia]]

[[Zimbabwe]]

[[Central Africa]]

[[Angola]]

  • 1580 – 1582 Cuanza River Campaign
  • 1598 – 1663 Dutch–Portuguese War
  • 1622 Battle of Mbumbi
  • 1523 Battle of Mbanda Kasi
  • 1665 – 1709 Kongo Civil War
  • 1671 Battle of Pungo Andongo
  • 1681 Battle of Katole
  • 1685 Battle of Talandongo
  • 1691 – 1693 Mbwila Rebellion of 1691–1693
  • 1723 Cabinda Expedition
  • 1774 – 1778 Portuguese–Ovimbundu War
  • 1902 – 1904 Bailundo revolt
  • 1907 Battle of Mufilo
  • 1914 – 1918 World War II
    • 1914 – 1918 African theatre of World War I
      • 1914 – 1915 South West Africa campaign
        • 1914 – 1917 Ovambo Uprising
  • 1961 – 1974 Portuguese Colonial War
    • 1961 – 1974 Angolan War of Independence
  • 1964 – 1979 Rhodesian Bush War
  • 1966 – 1990 South African Border War
  • 1975 – present Cabinda War
  • 1975 – 2002 Angolan Civil War

[[Cameroon]]

  • 1804 – 1808 Jihad of Usman dan Fodio
  • 1914 – 1918 World War I
    • 1914 – 1918 African theatre of World War I
      • 1914 – 1916 Kamerun campaign
  • 1939 – 1945 World War II
  • 1955 – 1964 Cameroon War
  • 1981 – present Bakassi conflict
    • 1981 – 2005 Nigerian-Cameroonian conflict over Bakassi
    • 2006 – 2018 First Bakassi insurgency
    • 2021 – present Pro-Biafran insurgency in Bakassi
  • 1984 1984 Cameroonian coup attempt
  • 2007 – present Operation Juniper Shield
  • 2009 – present Boko Haram insurgency
  • 2017 – present Anglophone Crisis

[[Central African Republic]]

[[Chad]]

[[Republic of Congo]]

[[Democratic Republic of Congo]]

Main article: List of conflicts in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

  • 1622 – Kongo-Portuguese War
  • 1665 – 1709 Kongo Civil War
  • 1891 − 1892 Stairs Expedition to Katanga
  • 1892 – 1894 Congo–Arab war
  • 1895 – 1908 Batetela rebellion
  • 1914 – 1918 World War I
    • 1914 – 1918 African theatre of World War I
      • 1914 – 1918 East African campaign (World War I)
  • 1931 Pende revolt
  • 1939 – 1945 World War II
    • 1944 Masisi-Lubutu revolt
  • 1960 – 1965 Congo Crisis
    • 1963 – 1965 Kwilu rebellion
    • 1963 – 1965 Simba Rebellion
    • 1963 – 1966 Kanyarwanda War
  • 1963 – present Katanga insurgency
  • 1966 – 1967 Stanleyville mutinies
  • 1977 Shaba I
  • 1978 Shaba II
  • 1987 — present Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
  • 1996 — present Allied Democratic Forces insurgency
  • 1996 – 1997 First Congo War
  • 1998 – 2003 Second Congo War
    • 2000 Six-Day War (2000)
  • 1999 – present Ituri conflict
  • 2004 – present Kivu conflict
    • 2012 – 2013 M23 rebellion (2012–2013)
    • 2022 – present M23 offensive (2022–present)
    • 2022 – 2025 Democratic Republic of the Congo–Rwanda conflict (2022–present)
  • 2004 2004 Democratic Republic of the Congo coup attempt
  • 2009 Dongo conflict
  • 2011 2011 Democratic Republic of the Congo coup attempt
  • 2012 2012 Congolese–Rwandan border clash
  • 2013 – 2018 Batwa-Luba clashes
  • 2013 December 2013 Kinshasa attacks
  • 2016 – 2019 Kamwina Nsapu rebellion
  • 2022 2022 Democratic Republic of the Congo coup d'état allegations
  • 2022 – present Western DR Congo clashes
  • 2024 2024 Democratic Republic of the Congo coup attempt

[[Equatorial Guinea]]

[[Gabon]]

[[São Tomé and Príncipe]]

[[Southern Africa]]

[[Botswana]]

  • 1852 Battle of Dimawe
  • 1899 – 1902 Second Boer War
  • 1964 – 1979 Rhodesian Bush War
  • 1985 Raid on Gaborone

[[Eswatini]]

  • 1899 – 1902 Second Boer War

[[Lesotho]]

[[Namibia]]

  • 1896 Khaua-Mbandjeru rebellion
  • 1904 – 1908 Herero Wars
  • 1914 – 1918 World War I
    • 1914 – 1918 African theatre of World War I
      • 1914 – 1915 South West Africa campaign
  • 1922 Bondelswarts Rebellion
  • 1966 – 1990 South African Border War
  • 1994 – 1999 Caprivi conflict

[[South Africa]]

  • 1510 Battle of Salt River
  • 1659 – 1677 Khoikhoi–Dutch Wars
  • 1779 – 1879 Xhosa Wars
  • 1792 – 1802 French Revolutionary Wars
    • 1792 – 1797 War of the First Coalition
      • 1793 – 1801 East Indies theatre of the French Revolutionary Wars
  • 1803 – 1815 Napoleonic Wars
    • 1805 – 1806 War of the Third Coalition
  • 1815 – 1840 Mfecane
    • 1817 – 1819 Ndwandwe–Zulu War
    • 1820 Battle of Mhlatuze River
  • 1815 Slachter's Nek Rebellion
  • 1830s – 1840s Great Trek
    • 1836 Battle of Vegkop
    • 1838 Piet Retief Delegation massacre
    • 1838 Weenen massacre
    • 1838 Battle of Italeni
    • 1838 Battle of Blood River
    • 1840 Battle of Maqongqo
    • 1842 Battle of Congella
    • 1848 Battle of Boomplaats
  • 1862 – 1864 Transvaal Civil War
  • 1879 Anglo-Zulu War
  • 1880 – 1881 First Boer War
  • 1894 Malaboch War
  • 1895 – 1896 Jameson Raid
  • 1899 – 1902 Second Boer War
  • 1906 Bambatha Rebellion
  • 1914 – 1918 World War I
    • 1914 – 1918 African theatre of World War I
      • 1914 – 1915 South West Africa campaign
        • 1914 – 1915 Maritz Rebellion
  • 1921 – 1922 Rand Rebellion
  • 1939 – 1945 World War II
  • 1948 – 1994 Internal resistance to apartheid
  • 1966 – 1990 South African Border War

[[West Africa]]

[[Benin]]

[[Burkina Faso]]

[[Cape Verde]]

  • 1585 – 1604 Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
  • 1619 Action of 19 February 1619
  • 1701 – 1714 War of the Spanish Succession
  • 1775 – 1783 American Revolutionary War

[[Côte d'Ivoire]]

[[Gambia]]

[[Ghana]]

Main article: List of conflicts in Ghana

  • 1598 – 1663 Dutch–Portuguese War
  • 1652 – 1784 Anglo-Dutch Wars
    • 1661 – 1665 Dano-Dutch colonial conflict on the Gold Coast
    • 1664 – 1665 De Ruyter's expedition to West Africa
    • 1780 – 1784 Fourth Anglo-Dutch War
      • 1781 Shirley's Gold Coast expedition
  • 1678 Assault on Osu
  • 1694 – 1700 Komenda Wars
  • 1701 Battle of Feyiase
  • 1784 Sagbadre War
  • 1806 – 1807 Ashanti–Fante War
  • 1811 Ga–Fante War
  • 1814 – 1816 Ashanti–Akim–Akwapim War
  • 1823 – 1900 Anglo-Ashanti wars
    • 1826 Katamanso War
    • 1900 War of the Golden Stool
  • 1837 – 1839 Dutch–Ahanta War
  • 1869 – 1870 Dutch Gold Coast expedition of 1869–1870
  • 1892 1892 Sack of Salaga
  • 1896 Battle of Adibo
  • 1897 Battle of Kanjaga
  • 1901 Kumasi Mutiny of 1901
  • 1957 – present Bawku conflict
  • 1966 1966 Ghanaian coup d'état
  • 1967 Operation Guitar Boy
  • 1979 June 4th revolution in Ghana
  • 1981 1981 Ghanaian coup d'état
  • 1994 – 2015 Konkomba–Nanumba conflict
  • 2002 2002 Dagbon chieftaincy crisis
  • 2019 – present Gonja-Mamprusi conflict
  • 2020 – present Western Togoland Rebellion

[[Guinea]]

[[Guinea-Bissau]]

[[Liberia]]

[[Mali]]

Main article: List of conflicts in Mali

  • 1235 Battle of Kirina
  • 1590 – 1599 Moroccan invasion of the Songhai Empire
    • 1591 Battle of Tondibi
  • 1599 Battle of Jenné
  • 1857 Siege of Medina Fort
  • 1861 Battle of Segou
  • 1862 Battle of Cayawal
  • 1883 – 1886 Mandingo Wars
  • 1891 First Battle of Jenné
  • 1893 Second Battle of Jenné
  • 1962 – 1964 Tuareg rebellion (1962–64)
  • 1968 1968 Malian coup d'état
  • 1985 Agacher Strip War
  • 1990 – 1995 Tuareg rebellion (1990–95)
  • 1991 1991 Malian coup d'état
  • 2002 – present Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)
  • 2006 2006 Tuareg rebellion
  • 2007 – 2009 Tuareg rebellion (2007–2009)

[[Mauritania]]

Main article: List of conflicts in Mauritania

[[Niger]]

[[Nigeria]]

[[Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]]

  • 1652 – 1784 Anglo–Dutch wars
    • 1672 – 1674 Third Anglo-Dutch War

[[Senegal]]

  • 1549 Battle of Danki
  • 1619 Ambush at Portudal
  • 1659 – late 1800s French conquest of Senegal
    • 1825 Franco-Trarzan War of 1825
    • 1859 Battle of Logandème
  • 1756 – 1763 Seven Years' War
    • 1758 British capture of Senegal
  • 1644 – 1677 Char Bouba war
  • 1830 – 1887 Soninke-Marabout Wars
  • 1939 – 1945 World War II
    • 1940 Battle of Dakar
  • 1982 – present Casamance conflict
  • 1989 – 1991 Mauritania–Senegal Border War
  • 2007 – present Operation Juniper Shield

[[Sierra Leone]]

[[Togo]]

References

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