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List of border conflicts

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Summary

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The following is a list of border conflicts between two or more countries. The list includes only those fought because of border disputes. See list of territorial disputes for those that do not involve fighting. Over 50% of the world’s borders today were drawn as a result of British and French imperialism. The British and French drew the modern borders of the Middle East, 80% of the borders of Africa, in Asia after the independence of the British Raj and French Indochina and the borders of Europe after World War I as victors, as a result of the Paris treaties.

19th century

StartFinishConflictCombatantsDisputed TerritoriesFatalities
18111812Portuguese invasion of the Banda OrientalPortugal v. Argentina United ProvincesBanda OrientalUnknown
18161820Portuguese conquest of the Banda OrientalPortugal v. Flag of Artigas.svg Federal LeagueBanda OrientalUnknown
18251828Cisplatine WarEmpire of Brazil v. United Provinces of the Río de la PlataBanda OrientalUnknown
18371839Tarija WarArgentine Confederation v. Peru-Bolivian Confederation Peru–Bolivian ConfederationTarija DepartmentUnknown
18461848Mexican–American WarUnited States v. MexicoTexas
Santa Fe de Nuevo México
Alta California~29,000
18591859Pig War (1859)United States v. United Kingdom (Colony of Vancouver Island)San Juan IslandsNone
18791883War of the PacificChile v. Bolivia and PeruLitoral Department~10,000
18961896Battle of ShangiCongo Free State v. Kingdom of RwandaSouthwestern RwandaUnknown

20th century before World War II

StartFinishConflictCombatantsDisputed TerritoriesFatalities
19101918Border WarUnited States v. MexicoMexico–United States border region100+
19321935Chaco WarBolivia v. ParaguayNorthern Gran Chaco~100,000
19381938Battle of Lake KhasanSoviet Union v. JapanManchukuo–Soviet Union border region~1,300
19391939Slovak–Hungarian WarSlovak Republic (1939-1945) v. Kingdom of Hungary (1920-1946)Eastern Slovakia69
19391939Battles of Khalkhin GolSoviet Union and Mongolia v. Japan and ManchukuoManchukuo–Soviet Union border region~48,000

1945–2000

StartFinishConflictCombatantsDisputed TerritoriesFatalities
19451945Levant CrisisFrance v. United KingdomSyria-Lebanon and Transjordan0
19461948Beitashan IncidentRepublic of China (1912–1949) v. Soviet Union and Mongolian People's RepublicChinese–Mongolian borderUnknown
19471948Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948India v. PakistanJammu and Kashmir~3,000
19541954Annexation of Dadra and Nagar HaveliIndia v. PortugalDadra and Nagar Haveli46
19561956Suez CrisisIsrael v. EgyptSinai Peninsula
Suez Canal Zone2,848-4,198
19571958Ifni WarMorocco v. France and SpainSpanish Ifni~1,500
19621962Sino-Indian WarChina v. IndiaAksai Chin~4,000
19651965Indo-Pakistani War of 1965Pakistan v. IndiaKashmir~6,800
19691969Sino-Soviet border conflictSoviet Union v. ChinaZhenbao Island
Ussuri River72-800
19711971Indo-Pakistani War of 1971Pakistan v. IndiaKashmir
East Pakistan~4,000+
19781979Uganda–Tanzania WarUganda v. TanzaniaKagera Salient~4,500
19791979Sino-Vietnamese WarChina v. VietnamCao Bằng
Lạng Sơn
Spratly Islands~56,000
19821982Falklands WarArgentina v. United KingdomFalkland Islands
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands904
19842022Whisky WarDenmark v. CanadaHans Island0
19841987Siachen conflictPakistan v. IndiaSiachen Glacier~2,400
19851985Agacher Strip WarBurkina Faso v. MaliAgacher Strip140+
19871987Sumdorong Chu standoffIndia v. ChinaSumdorong ChuUnknown
19871988Thai–Laotian Border WarLaos and Vietnam v. ThailandChat Trakan district
Botene district295
19991999Kargil WarIndia v. PakistanKargil district~4,500
19982000Eritrean–Ethiopian WarEritrea v. EthiopiaBadme100,000

21st century

StartFinishConflictCombatantsDisputed TerritoryFatalities
200020062000–2006 Shebaa Farms conflictIsrael v. HezbollahShebaa farms30
200120012001 Bangladesh–India border clashesBangladesh v. IndiaBangladesh–India border region20
200120022001–2002 India–Pakistan standoffIndia v. PakistanKashmir789–1,874
20022002Perejil Island crisisMorocco v. SpainPerejil Island0
20032005Conflict in Tuzla IslandUkraine v. RussiaTuzla Island0
200620062006 Lebanon WarIsrael v. Hezbollah,
Flag of the Amal Movement.svg Amal Movement,
Flag of the Lebanese Communist Party.svg Lebanese Communist Party,
PFLP-GC Flag.svg PFLP-GC, and Flag of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party.svg SSNP in LebanonNorthern District
Southern Lebanon
Golan Heights1,619-2,254
20082008Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflictDjibouti v. EritreaRas Doumeira144
20082008Russo-Georgian WarGeorgia v. RussiaSouth Ossetia and Abkhazia247
200820112008–2011 Cambodian–Thai border crisisCambodia v. ThailandPreah Vihear42
200820082008 India–Pakistan standoffIndia v. PakistanIndia–Pakistan border regionUnknown
201020102010 Eritrean–Ethiopian border skirmishEritrea v. EthiopiaZalambessa10-35
20102010Costa Rica–Nicaragua San Juan River border disputeCosta Rica v. NicaraguaSan Juan River0
20112011Battle of WazzinLibya Libya v. TunisiaWazzin23
201120112011 India–Pakistan border skirmishIndia v. PakistanKashmir (Kupwara district and Neelum Valley)8
20122012Heglig CrisisSudan v. South SudanUnity State
South Kordofan262–322
20122014Syrian–Turkish border clashes during the Syrian civil warSyria v. TurkeyAkçakale17
201320132013 India–Pakistan border skirmishesIndia v. PakistanKashmir Line of Control28
201420152014–2015 India–Pakistan border skirmishesIndia v. PakistanKashmir Line of Control
Indo-Pakistani border region58-185
20162016Battle of TsoronaEritrea v. EthiopiaTserona subregion218
201620162016 Belize–Guatemala border standoffBelize v. GuatemalaSarstoon River1
201620182016–2018 India–Pakistan border skirmishesIndia v. PakistanKashmir165-232
201720172017 Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishIslamic Republic of Afghanistan v. PakistanChaman8-68
201720172017 China–India border standoffChina v. India and BhutanDoklam0
201820182018 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashesArmenia v. AzerbaijanNakhchivan Autonomous Republic (Sharur District and Sadarak District)2–3
201920192019 India–Pakistan border skirmishesIndia v. PakistanLine of Control50-62
20202020July 2020 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashesArmenia v. AzerbaijanMovses, Armenia and Ağdam, Azerbaijan17-141
202020212020–2021 China–India skirmishesChina v. IndiaSikkim, Ladakh and Line of Actual Control50+ on both sides
202020222020–2022 Ethiopian–Sudanese clashesEthiopia v. SudanEthiopian–Sudanese border4
202120212021 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan conflictKyrgyzstan v. TajikistanLeilek District55
20222022September 2022 Armenia–Azerbaijan clashesArmenia v. AzerbaijanArmenia–Azerbaijan border176
20212025Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisisArmenia v. AzerbaijanArmenia–Azerbaijan border22+

Ongoing

StartFinishConflictCombatantsDisputed TerritoryFatalities
2012OngoingIsraeli–Syrian ceasefire line incidents during the Syrian civil warIsrael v. SyriaQuneitra Governorate
Golan Heights44
2014OngoingRusso-Ukrainian War
(outline)Ukraine v. RussiaCrimea
Donbasdate=27 January 2022title=Conflict-related civilian casualties in Ukraineurl=https://ukraine.un.org/sites/default/files/2022-02/Conflict-related%20civilian%20casualties%20as%20of%2031%20December%202021%20%28rev%2027%20January%202022%29%20corr%20EN_0.pdfaccess-date=27 January 2022publisher=Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights}}
2022Ongoing2022 Bangladesh–Myanmar border tensionsBangladesh v. MyanmarBangladesh-Myanmar border region0
2025Ongoing2025 Cambodian–Thai border crisisCambodia v. ThailandCambodia–Thailand border region50+

References

References

  1. Manning, Patrick. (1990). "Slavery and African Life: Occidental, Oriental, and African Slave Trades". Cambridge University Press.
  2. Lovejoy, Paul E. (2012). Transformations of Slavery: A History of Slavery in Africa. London: Cambridge University Press.
  3. Martin Klein, "Slave Descent and Social Status in Sahara and Sudan", in ''Reconfiguring Slavery: West African Trajectories'', ed. Benedetta Rossi (Liverpool: [[Liverpool University Press]], 2009), 29.
  4. (15 August 2017). "India, China soldiers involved in border altercation: Indian sources".
  5. (22 May 2018). "Şəhid Adil Əli oğlu Tatarov "Şücaətə görə" medalı ilə təltif olunub".
  6. (23 May 2018). "Զինվոր է զոհվել՝ Մարտին Գրիգորի Խաչատրյանը".
  7. (20 May 2018). "Մահացել է Համլետ Գրիգորյանը".
  8. (2020-10-27). "The Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict: A Visual Explainer".
  9. (27 January 2022). "Conflict-related civilian casualties in Ukraine". [[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights]].
  10. "Cambodian military families mourn as nation's Thai conflict toll exceeds 50".
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