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List of atomic clocks

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Summary

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This is a list of some experimental laboratory atomic clocks worldwide.

NameOperation dateTypeAccuracyLocationImage
CS11969Cs
CS21985Cs[[File:Atomuhr-CS2.jpg100px]]
CS31988Cs
CS41992-2005Cs[[File:Braunschweig PTB-Atomuhr CS 4 (2012).jpg100x100px]]
CSF11999Cs fountain
CSF22009Cs fountain
FOCS
NPL-CsF2, Yb+ and Sr+ ion clocks, Sr lattice clock, 4 hydrogen masers
NIST Ion Clock2025Charged Al ion with Mg ion{{unbulleted listNIST Boulder Laboratories
NIST-F1Cs fountain{{unbulleted listNIST Boulder Laboratories
NIST-F2Cs fountain{{unbulleted listNIST Boulder Laboratories
USNO Alternate Master Clock{{unbulleted listSchriever Air Force Base
WWV{{unbulleted listWWVBLarimer County, Colorado
Department of Defense master clock{{unbulleted listUnited States Naval Observatory
18 cesium atomic clocks and 4 hydrogen maser clocksCs, H{{unbulleted listNational Institute of Information and Communications Technology
Optical lattice clock{{unbulleted listUniversity of Tokyo
NMIJ-F1, NMIJ-F2Cs fountain{{unbulleted listNational Metrology Institute of Japan
Optical clock2012Ca ion{{unbulleted listHubei,
Caesium Beam Atomic ClockCs{{unbulleted listHong Kong Observatory
9 Agilent 5071A caesium clocksCs{{unbulleted listNational Standard Time and Frequency Laboratory
KRISS-1Cs{{unbulleted listKorea Research Institute of Standards and Science
Caesium atomic clocksCs{{unbulleted listNational Metrology Centre
Five caesium clocks, one passive hydrogen maser, two active hydrogen masersCs, H{{unbulleted listNational Physical Laboratory of India
DOST-PAGASA Juan Time{{unbulleted listDepartment of Science and Technology
Caesium clocks, Hydrogen MaserCs{{unbulleted listIndonesian Institute of Sciences
SOC: Space Optical Clock breadboard (Sr lattice clock)Sr lattice[[File:Sr lattice breadboard for the SOC mission.jpg100px]]
Deep Space Atomic Clock2019-2021Hg ion{{unbulleted listJet Propulsion Laboratory
Caesium atomic clocksCs{{unbulleted listLaboratorium Czasu i Częstotliwości (CBK PAN)

References

References

  1. "Seit wann läuft die erste Atomuhr in der PTB?". Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt.
  2. "Seit wann läuft die erste Atomuhr in der PTB?". Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt.
  3. "Seit wann läuft die erste Atomuhr in der PTB?". Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt.
  4. "Seit wann läuft die erste Atomuhr in der PTB?". Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt.
  5. Palmer, Jason. "UK's atomic clock 'is world's most accurate'". BBC.
  6. "Research - Time and Frequency".
  7. [https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2025/07/nist-ion-clock-sets-new-record-most-accurate-clock-world "NIST Ion Clock Sets New Record for Most Accurate Clock in the World"]. ''[[NIST]]''. July 14, 2025. Retrieved on December 19, 2025.
  8. "A Brief History of Atomic Clocks at NIST". The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
  9. Newman, Michael E.. (1999-12-29). "NIST-F1 Cesium Fountain Clock". The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
  10. "NIST Launches a New U.S. Time Standard: NIST-F2 Atomic Clock". The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
  11. Newman, Michael E.. (1999-12-29). "NIST-F1 Cesium Fountain Clock". The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
  12. "U.S. Naval Observatory Alternate Master Clock". U.S. Navy.
  13. . (July 24, 2015). ["Larimer County station helps set clocks"](https://www.coloradoan.com/story/news/2015/03/06/larimer-county-station-helps-set-clocks/24527655/). *[[Gannett Company]]*.
  14. "Mission of Japan Standard Time Group - Generation of Japan Standard Time (JST)". National Institute of Information and Communications Technology.
  15. Motal, Julius. (2011-08-30). "Japanese atomic clock is accurate to a 100 quadrillionth of a second". Ziff Davis, Inc..
  16. "Quantum Metrology Laboratory". RIKEN Advanced Science Institute.
  17. Takamizawa, A.. "Cesium Atomic Fountain Clocks at NMIJ". Precise Time and Time Interval Systems and Applications Meeting.
  18. Wang, Yuanyuan. (2012-07-12). "China unveils first optical clock". Xinhuanet.
  19. "Caesium Beam Atomic Clock". The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
  20. "History of Hong Kong Time Service". The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
  21. "Contact us". The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
  22. "Clocks and Time scales". National Time and Frequency Standard Laboratory.
  23. "Current activities of the National Standard Time and Frequency Laboratory of the Telecommunication Laboratories".
  24. "Development of Korea's First Primary Frequency Standard, 'KRISS-1'". KRISS.
  25. (August 2004). "Research on Cesium Atomic Clocks at the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science". Journal of the Korean Physical Society.
  26. "About SST". National Metrology Centre.
  27. "Time and Frequency Metrology". CSIR-National Physical Laboratory.
  28. "With PST, "Filipino time" is now "on time"". Department of Science and Technology.
  29. "Time Standard". Indonesian Institute of Sciences.
  30. "Space Optical Clock". Institut für Experimentalphysik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf.
  31. (27 April 2015). "Deep Space Atomic Clock". NASA.
  32. "Uruchomiono najdokładniejszy zegar atomowy w Polsce. Nie straci nawet sekundy przez 200 mln lat". wyborcza.pl.
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