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List of astronauts by name

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This is an alphabetical list of astronauts, people selected to train for a human spaceflight program to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member of a spacecraft.

For a list of everyone who has flown in space, see List of space travelers by name.

More than 600 people have been trained as astronauts. Until recently, astronauts were sponsored and trained exclusively by governments, either by the military or by civilian space agencies. However, with the advent of suborbital flight starting with privately funded SpaceShipOne in 2004, a new category of astronaut was created: the commercial astronaut.

While the term astronaut is sometimes applied to anyone who trains for travel into space—including scientists, politicians, journalists, and tourists—this article lists only professional astronauts, those who have been selected to train professionally. This includes national space programs, industry and commercial space programs which train and/or hire their own professional astronauts.

The flags indicate the astronaut's primary citizenship during his or her time as an astronaut. The symbol [[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] identifies female astronauts. The symbol △ indicates astronauts who have left low Earth orbit. The symbol ▲ indicates astronauts who have walked on the Moon. The symbol † indicates astronauts who have died in incidents related to a space program. NOTOC

A

  • USA Joseph M. Acaba (1967–) — STS-119, Soyuz TMA-04M, Soyuz MS-06
  • USA Loren Acton (1936–) — STS-51-F
  • USA Mike Adams (1930–1967) † — Died during X-15 Flight 191 when he lost control and his aircraft broke up.
  • USA James Adamson (1946–) — STS-28, STS-43
  • USSR RUS Viktor M. Afanasyev — Soyuz TM-11, Soyuz TM-18, Soyuz TM-29, Soyuz TM-33/32
  • KAZ Aydyn Aimbetov — Soyuz TMA-18M
  • USA Thomas Akers — STS-41, STS-49, STS-61, STS-79
  • USSR Vladimir Aksyonov — Soyuz 22, Soyuz T-2
  • USA Buzz Aldrin △▲ — Gemini 12, Apollo 11. Second person to walk on the Moon.
  • BUL Aleksandar Panayotov Aleksandrov — Soyuz TM-5
  • USSR Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov — Soyuz T-9, Soyuz TM-3
  • SAU Ali AlQarni — Axiom Mission 2
  • USA Andrew M. Allen — STS-46, STS-62, STS-75
  • USA Joseph P. Allen — STS-5, STS-51-A
  • USA Michael Alsbury † — Commercial astronaut, died when the VSS Enterprise broke up during a test flight.
  • USA Christopher Altman — NASA-trained commercial astronaut, Association of Spaceflight Professionals 2011
  • USA Scott Altman — STS-90, STS-106, STS-109, STS-125
  • ESP Pablo Álvarez Fernández — No flights. 2022 ESA Astronaut group.
  • USA William Anders (1933–2024) △ — Apollo 8
  • USA Clayton Anderson — STS-117/120, STS-131
  • USA Michael P. Anderson (1959–2003) † — STS-89. Died in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster when it disintegrated during re-entry (STS-107).
  • USA Dominic A. Antonelli — STS-119, STS-132
  • USA Jerome Apt — STS-37, STS-47, STS-59, STS-79
  • USA Lee Archambault — STS-117, STS-119
  • USA Neil Armstrong (1930–2012) △▲ — Gemini 8, Apollo 11. First person to walk on the Moon.
  • IranUSA Anousheh Ansari[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Soyuz TMA-9
  • USA Hayley Arceneaux[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Inspiration4
  • RUS Oleg Artemyev — Soyuz TMA-12M, Soyuz MS-08, Soyuz MS-21
  • USA Richard R. Arnold — STS-119, Soyuz MS-08
  • USSR Anatoly Artsebarsky — Soyuz TM-12
  • USSR Yuri Artyukhin (1930–1998) — Soyuz 14
  • USA Jeffrey Ashby — STS-93, STS-100, STS-112
  • USSR Oleg Atkov — Soyuz T-10/11
  • USSR Toktar Aubakirov — Soyuz TM-13/12
  • USA Serena M. Auñón-Chancellor[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Soyuz MS-09, Expedition 56/57
  • RUS Sergei Avdeyev — Soyuz TM-15, Soyuz TM-22
  • USA Nichole Ayers[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — SpaceX Crew-10

B

  • USA James P. Bagian, M.D. — STS-29, STS-40
  • USA Ellen S. Baker, M.D.[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-34, STS-50, STS-71
  • USA Michael Baker — STS-43, STS-52, STS-68, STS-81
  • USSR Aleksandr Balandin — Soyuz TM-9
  • USA Michael R. Barratt, M.D. — Soyuz TMA-14, STS-133, SpaceX Crew-8
  • SAU Rayyanah Barnawi [[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]]— Axiom Mission 2
  • USA Kayla Barron[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]]— SpaceX Crew-3
  • USA Daniel Barry — STS-72, STS-96, STS-105
  • USA John-David F. Bartoe — STS-51-F
  • USA Charlie Bassett (1931–1966) — No flights. Originally assigned to Gemini 9.
  • RUS Yuri Baturin — Soyuz TM-28/27, Soyuz TM-32/31
  • FRA Patrick Baudry — STS-51-G
  • USA Alan Bean (1932–2018) △▲ — Apollo 12, Skylab 3
  • USA Robert L. Behnken — STS-123, STS-130, Crew Dragon Demo-2
  • SVK Ivan Bella — Soyuz TM-29/28
  • USSR Pavel Belyayev (1925–1970) — Voskhod 2
  • AUS Katherine Bennell-Pegg — No flights
  • USSR Georgi Beregovoi (1921–1995) — Soyuz 3
  • USSR Anatoli Berezovoy (1942–2014) — Soyuz T-5/7
  • USA Brian Binnie — SpaceShipOne flight 17P
  • USA John Blaha — STS-29, STS-33, STS-43, STS-58, STS-79/81
  • USA Michael J. Bloomfield — STS-86, STS-97, STS-110
  • USA Guion Bluford — STS-8, STS-61-A, STS-39, STS-53
  • USA Karol Bobko (1937–2023) — STS-6, STS-51-D, STS-51-J
  • USA Eric A. Boe — STS-126, STS-133
  • USA Charles Bolden — STS-61-C, STS-31, STS-45, STS-60
  • CAN Roberta Bondar, M.D.[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-42
  • USSR Valentin Bondarenko (1937–1961) † — No flights. Died from a training-related fire accident.
  • RUS Andrei Borisenko — Soyuz TMA-21, Soyuz MS-02
  • RUS Konstantin Borisov — SpaceX Crew-7
  • USA Frank Borman (1928–2023) △ — Gemini 7, Apollo 8
  • USA Stephen G. Bowen — STS-126, STS-132, STS-133, SpaceX Crew-6
  • USA Kenneth Bowersox — STS-50, STS-61, STS-73, STS-82, STS-113/Soyuz TMA-1
  • USA Charles E. Brady Jr., M.D. (1951–2006) — STS-78
  • USA Vance Brand — Apollo–Soyuz Test Project, STS-5, STS-41-B, STS-35
  • USA Daniel Brandenstein — STS-8, STS-51-G, STS-32, STS-49
  • USA Randolph Bresnik — STS-129, Soyuz MS-05
  • USA Roy Bridges — STS-51-F
  • USA Curtis Brown — STS-47, STS-66, STS-77, STS-85, STS-95, STS-103
  • USA David M. Brown (1956–2003) † — Died in the Columbia reentry disintegration (STS-107)
  • USA Mark Brown — STS-28, STS-48
  • USA James Buchli — STS-51-C, STS-61-A, STS-29, STS-48
  • USA Jay C. Buckey, M.D. — STS-90
  • RUS Nikolai Budarin — STS-71/Soyuz TM-21, Soyuz TM-27, STS-113/Soyuz TMA-1
  • USA John S. Bull (1934–2008) — No flights.
  • USA Daniel Burbank — STS-106, STS-115, Soyuz TMA-22
  • USA Daniel Bursch — STS-51, STS-68, STS-77, STS-108/111
  • USSR Valery Bykovsky (1934–2019) — Vostok 5, Soyuz 22, Soyuz 31/29

C

  • USA Robert D. Cabana — STS-41, STS-53, STS-65, STS-88
  • USA Yvonne Cagle, M.D.[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — No flights.
  • CHN Cai Xuzhe — Shenzhou 14, Shenzhou 19
  • USA Fernando Caldeiro (1958–2009) — No flights.
  • USA Charles Camarda — STS-114
  • USA Kenneth D. Cameron — STS-37, STS-56, STS-74
  • USA Zena Cardman[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — SpaceX Crew-11
  • USA Duane G. Carey — STS-109
  • USA Scott Carpenter (1925–2013) — Mercury 7
  • USA Gerald Carr (1932–2020) — Skylab 4
  • USA Sonny Carter, M.D. (1947–1991) — STS-33
  • USA John Casper — STS-36, STS-54, STS-62, STS-77
  • USA Josh Cassada — SpaceX Crew-5
  • USA Christopher Cassidy — STS-127, Soyuz TMA-08M, Soyuz MS-16
  • USA Robert J. Cenker — STS-61-C
  • USA Eugene Cernan (1934–2017) △▲ — Gemini 9A, Apollo 10, Apollo 17
  • USA Roger B. Chaffee (1935–1967) † — Died in the Apollo 1 fire accident.
  • USA Gregory Chamitoff — STS-124/126, STS-134
  • CRC USA Franklin Chang-Diaz — STS-61-C, STS-34, STS-46, STS-60, STS-75, STS-91, STS-111
  • AUS USA Philip K. Chapman — No flights.
  • USA Raja Chari — SpaceX Crew-3
  • IND USA Kalpana Chawla[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] (1961–2003) † — STS-87. Died in the Columbia reentry disintegration (STS-107).
  • ITA Maurizio Cheli — STS-75
  • PRC Chen Dong — Shenzhou 11, Shenzhou 14, Shenzhou 20.
  • PRC Chen Quan — No flights. Backup for Shenzhou 7.
  • CHN Chen Zhongrui — Shenzhou 20
  • USA Leroy Chiao — STS-65, STS-72, STS-92, Soyuz TMA-5
  • USA Kevin P. Chilton — STS-49, STS-59, STS-76
  • FRA Jean-Loup Chrétien — Soyuz T-6, Soyuz TM-7/6, STS-86
  • RUS Nikolai Chub — Soyuz MS-24/MS-25
  • USA Laurel B. Clark, M.D.[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] (1961–2003) † — Died in the Columbia reentry disintegration (STS-107)
  • USA Mary L. Cleave[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] (1947–2023) — STS-61-B, STS-30
  • FRA Jean-François Clervoy, EAC — STS-66, STS-84, STS-103
  • USA Michael R. Clifford (1952–2021) — STS-53, STS-59, STS-76
  • USA Michael Coats — STS-41-D, STS-29, STS-39
  • USA Kenneth Cockrell — STS-56, STS-69, STS-80, STS-98, STS-111
  • USA Catherine Coleman [[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-73, STS-93, Soyuz TMA-20
  • USA Eileen Collins[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-63, STS-84, STS-93, STS-114
  • USA Michael Collins (1930–2021) △ — Gemini 10, Apollo 11
  • USA Charles "Pete" Conrad (1930–1999) △▲ — Gemini 5, Gemini 11, Apollo 12, Skylab 2
  • USA Gordon Cooper (1927–2004) — Mercury 9, Gemini 5
  • USA Richard O. Covey — STS-51-I, STS-26, STS-38, STS-61
  • USA Timothy Creamer — Soyuz TMA-17
  • USA John O. Creighton — STS-51-G, STS-36, STS-48
  • USA Robert Crippen — STS-1, STS-7, STS-41-C, STS-41-G
  • ITA Samantha Cristoforetti[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Soyuz TMA-15M, SpaceX Crew-4
  • USA Roger K. Crouch — STS-83, STS-94
  • USA Frank L. Culbertson Jr. — STS-38, STS-51, STS-105/108
  • USA Walter Cunningham (1932–2023)— Apollo 7
  • USA Robert Curbeam — STS-85, STS-98, STS-116
  • USA Nancy J. Currie[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-57, STS-70, STS-88, STS-109

D

  • USA Bill Dana (1930–2014) — X-15 flights 174 and 197
  • USA Nancy Jan Davis[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-47, STS-60, STS-85
  • USA Lawrence J. DeLucas — STS-50
  • BEL Frank De Winne — Soyuz TMA-1/TM-34, Soyuz TMA-15
  • CHN Deng Qingming — Shenzhou 15
  • RUS Vladimir N. Dezhurov — Soyuz TM-21/STS-71
  • USSR Georgi Dobrovolski (1928–1971) † — Died in the Soyuz 11 reentry depressurisation
  • JPN Takao Doi — STS-87, STS-123
  • USA Matthew Dominick — SpaceX Crew-8
  • USA B. Alvin Drew — STS-118, STS-133
  • RUS Pyotr Dubrov — Soyuz MS-18, Soyuz MS-19
  • USA Brian Duffy — STS-45, STS-57, STS-72, STS-92
  • USA Charles Duke △▲ — Apollo 16
  • USA Bonnie J. Dunbar[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-61-A, STS-32, STS-50, STS-71, STS-89
  • USA Alexander Dunlap — APS STS-90
  • ESP Pedro Duque — STS-95, Soyuz TMA-3/2
  • USA Samuel T. Durrance (1943–2023) — STS-35, STS-67
  • USA James Dutton — STS-131
  • USSR Lev Dyomin (1926–1998) — Soyuz 15
  • USA Tracy Caldwell Dyson[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-118, Soyuz TMA-18, Soyuz MS-25
  • USSR Vladimir Dzhanibekov — Soyuz 27/26, Soyuz 39, Soyuz T-6, Soyuz T-12, Soyuz T-13

E

  • USA Joe Edwards — STS-89
  • USA Donn F. Eisele (1930–1987) — Apollo 7
  • USA Anthony W. England — STS-51-F
  • USA Joe H. Engle (1932–2024) — X-15 flights 138, 143, and 153, STS-2, STS-51-I
  • USA Jeanette J. Epps[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — SpaceX Crew-8
  • USA Ronald Evans (1933–1990) △ — Apollo 17
  • GER Reinhold Ewald — Soyuz TM-25/24
  • FRA Léopold Eyharts, EAC — Soyuz TM-27/26, STS-122/123
  • IRN/US Eiman Jahangir—Sub-orbital spaceflight

F

  • USA John Fabian — STS-7, STS-51-G
  • SYR Muhammed Faris — Soyuz TM-3/2
  • HUN Bertalan Farkas — Soyuz 36/35
  • FRA Jean-Jacques Favier — STS-78
  • RUS Andrey Fedyaev — SpaceX Crew-6
  • CHN Fei Junlong — Shenzhou 6, Shenzhou 15
  • USSR Konstantin Feoktistov (1926–2009) — Voskhod 1
  • USA Christopher Ferguson — STS-115, STS-126, STS-135
  • USA Martin J. Fettman — STS-58
  • USA Andrew J. Feustel — STS-125, STS-134, Soyuz MS-08
  • USSR Anatoly Filipchenko — Soyuz 7, Soyuz 16
  • USA Michael Fincke — Soyuz TMA-4, Soyuz TMA-13, STS-134, SpaceX Crew-11
  • USA John L. Finley (1935–2006) — No flights. Trained for the MOL program.
  • USA Jack D. Fischer — Soyuz MS-04
  • USA Anna Lee Fisher, M.D.[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-51-A
  • USA William Frederick Fisher, M.D. — STS-51-I
  • GER Klaus-Dietrich Flade — Soyuz TM-14/13
  • GBR USA Michael Foale — STS-45, STS-56, STS-63, STS-84/86, STS-103, Soyuz TMA-3
  • USA Kevin A. Ford — STS-128, Soyuz TMA-06M
  • USA Michael Foreman — STS-123, STS-129
  • USA Patrick Forrester — STS-105, STS-117, STS-128
  • USA Michael Fossum — STS-121, STS-124, Soyuz TMA-02M
  • USA Ted Freeman (1930–1964) — No flights
  • USA Stephen Frick — STS-110, STS-122
  • BEL Dirk Frimout — STS-45
  • SWE Christer Fuglesang — STS-116, STS-128
  • USA Gordon Fullerton (1936–2013) — STS-3, STS-51-F
  • GER Reinhard Furrer (1940–1995) — STS-61-A
  • JPN Satoshi Furukawa — Soyuz TMA-02M, SpaceX Crew-7

G

  • USA F. Drew Gaffney, M.D. — STS-40
  • USSR Yuri Gagarin (1934–1968)† — Vostok 1. First person in space. Died in a training flight.
  • USA Ronald Garan — STS-124, Soyuz TMA-21
  • USA Dale Gardner (1948–2014) — STS-8, STS-51-A
  • USA Guy Gardner — STS-27, STS-35
  • ESP Sara García Alonso — No flights. 2022 ESA Astronaut group.
  • CAN Marc Garneau — STS-41-G, STS-77, STS-97
  • USA Owen Garriott (1930–2019) — Skylab 3, STS-9
  • USA Charles Gemar — STS-38, STS-48, STS-62
  • USA Michael Gernhardt — STS-69, STS-83, STS-94, STS-104
  • DEU Alexander Gerst — Soyuz TMA-13M, Soyuz MS-09
  • TUR Alper Gezeravcı — Axiom Mission 3
  • USA Edward Gibson — Skylab 4
  • USA Robert L. Gibson — STS-41-B, STS-61-C, STS-27, STS-47, STS-71
  • RUS Yuri Gidzenko — Soyuz TM-22, Soyuz TM-31/STS-102, Soyuz TM-34/Soyuz TM-33
  • USA Sarah Gillis[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Polaris Dawn
  • USA Ed Givens (1930–1967) — No flights. NASA group 5.
  • USSR Yuri Glazkov (1939–2008) — Soyuz 24
  • USA John Glenn (1921–2016) — Mercury 6, STS-95
  • USA Victor Glover — SpaceX Crew-1
  • USA Linda Godwin[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-37, STS-59, STS-76, STS-108
  • USA Michael T. Good — STS-125, STS-132
  • USSR Viktor Gorbatko — Soyuz 7, Soyuz 24, Soyuz 37/36
  • RUS Aleksandr Gorbunov — SpaceX Crew-9
  • USA Richard Gordon (1929–2017) △ — Gemini 11, Apollo 12
  • USA Dominic Gorie — STS-91, STS-99, STS-108, STS-123
  • USA Ronald Grabe — STS-51-J, STS-30, STS-42, STS-57
  • USA Duane Graveline, M.D. (1931–2016) — No flights
  • RUS Alexander Grebenkin — SpaceX Crew-8
  • USSR Georgi Grechko (1931–2017) — Soyuz 17, Soyuz 26/27, Soyuz T-14/13
  • USA Frederick Gregory — STS-51-B, STS-33, STS-44
  • USA William Gregory — STS-67
  • USA David Griggs (1939–1989) — STS-51-D
  • USA Virgil I. "Gus" Grissom (1926–1967) † — Mercury-Redstone 4, Gemini 3. Died in the Apollo 1 fire accident.
  • USA John Grunsfeld — STS-67, STS-81, STS-103, STS-109, STS-125
  • USSR Aleksei Gubarev — Soyuz 17, Soyuz 28
  • CHN Gui Haichao — Shenzhou 16
  • ITA Umberto Guidoni — STS-75, STS-100
  • MNG Jügderdemidiin Gürragchaa — Soyuz 39
  • USA Sidney Gutierrez — STS-40, STS-59

H

  • CAN Chris Hadfield — STS-74, STS-100, Expedition 34, Expedition 35, Soyuz TMA-07M
  • USA Nick Hague — Soyuz MS-10, Soyuz MS-12, SpaceX Crew-9
  • FRA Claudie Haigneré[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]], EAC — Soyuz TM-24/23, Soyuz TM-33/32
  • FRA Jean-Pierre Haigneré, EAC — Soyuz TM-17/16, Soyuz TM-29
  • USA Fred Haise △ — Apollo 13
  • USA James Halsell — STS-65, STS-74, STS-83, STS-94, STS-101
  • USA Kenneth Ham — STS-124, STS-132
  • USA Christina Hammock Koch[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Soyuz MS-12/Soyuz MS-13 (Expedition 59/60/61). A member of the first all-female EVA team.
  • USA Lloyd Hammond — STS-39, STS-64
  • CAN Jeremy Hansen — No flights
  • USA Gregory Harbaugh — STS-39, STS-54, STS-71, STS-82
  • USA Bernard A. Harris Jr. — STS-55, STS-63
  • USA Terry Hart — STS-41-C
  • USA Henry Hartsfield (1933–2014) — STS-4, STS-41-D, STS-61-A
  • USA Frederick Hauck — STS-7, STS-51-A, STS-26
  • USA Steven Hawley — STS-41-D, STS-61-C, STS-31, STS-82, STS-93
  • USA Susan Helms[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-54, STS-64, STS-78, STS-101, STS-102/105
  • USA Karl Henize (1926–1993) — STS-51-F
  • USA Thomas Hennen — STS-44
  • USA Terence Henricks — STS-44, STS-55, STS-70, STS-78
  • POL Mirosław Hermaszewski — Soyuz 30
  • USA José M. Hernández — STS-128
  • USA John Herrington — STS-113
  • USA Richard Hieb — STS-39, STS-49, STS-65
  • USA Joan Higginbotham[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-116
  • USA David Hilmers — STS-51-J, STS-26, STS-36, STS-42
  • USA Robert Hines — SpaceX Crew-4 (2022)
  • USA Kathryn Hire[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-90, STS-130
  • USA Charles Hobaugh — STS-104, STS-118, STS-129
  • USA Warren Hoburg — SpaceX Crew-6
  • USA Jeffrey Hoffman — STS-51-D, STS-35, STS-46, STS-61, STS-75
  • USA Donald Holmquest, M.D. — No flights
  • USA Michael S. Hopkins — Soyuz TMA-10M, SpaceX Crew-1
  • USA Scott Horowitz — STS-75, STS-82, STS-101, STS-105
  • Japan Akihiko Hoshide — STS-124, Soyuz TMA-05M, SpaceX Crew-2
  • USA Millie Hughes-Fulford[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-40
  • USA Douglas G. Hurley — STS-127, STS-135, Crew Dragon Demo-2
  • USA Rick Husband (1957–2003) † — STS-96. Died in the Columbia reentry disintegration (STS-107).

I

  • USA James Irwin (1930–1991) △▲ — Apollo 15
  • USSR Aleksandr Ivanchenkov — Soyuz 29/31
  • RUS Anatoli Ivanishin — Soyuz TMA-22, Soyuz MS-01, Soyuz MS-16
  • BUL Georgi Ivanov — Soyuz 33
  • USA Marsha Ivins[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-32, STS-46, STS-62, STS-81, STS-98
  • USA Jared Isaacman — Inspiration4, Polaris Dawn

J

  • GDR Sigmund Jähn (1937–2019) — Soyuz 31/29
  • CAN Jameel Janjua — Galactic 07
  • USA Mae Jemison, M.D.[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-47
  • USA Tamara E. Jernigan[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-40, STS-52, STS-67, STS-80, STS-96
  • USA Brent W. Jett Jr. — STS-72, STS-81, STS-97, STS-115
  • CHN Jing Haipeng — Shenzhou 7, Shenzhou 9, Shenzhou 11, Shenzhou 16
  • CHN Jiang Xinlin — Shenzhou 17
  • USA Gregory C. Johnson — STS-125
  • USA Gregory H. Johnson — STS-123, STS-134
  • USA Thomas D. Jones — STS-59, STS-68, STS-80, STS-98
  • Poland Zenon Jankowski — Soyuz 30 Backup

K

  • UKR Leonid Kadeniuk (1951–2018) — STS-87
  • RUS Alexander Kaleri — Soyuz TM-14, Soyuz TM-24, Soyuz TM-30, Soyuz TMA-3, Soyuz TMA-01M
  • JPN Norishige Kanai — Soyuz MS-07
  • USA Janet L. Kavandi[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-91, STS-99, STS-104
  • Hungary Tibor Kapu — Axiom Mission 4
  • USA James M. Kelly — STS-102, STS-114
  • USA Mark Kelly — STS-108, STS-121, STS-124, STS-134
  • USA Scott Kelly — STS-103, STS-118, Soyuz TMA-01M, Soyuz TMA-16M/18M
  • USA Joseph Kerwin, M.D. — Skylab 2
  • USSR Yevgeny Khrunov (1933–2000) — Soyuz 5/4
  • RUS Anna Kikina[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — SpaceX Crew-5
  • USA Jonny Kim — Soyuz MS-27
  • USA Robert S. Kimbrough — STS-126, Soyuz MS-02, SpaceX Crew-2.
  • USSR Leonid Kizim (1941–2010) — Soyuz T-3, Soyuz T-10/11, Soyuz T-15
  • USSR Petr Klimuk — Soyuz 13, Soyuz 18, Soyuz 30
  • USA Pete Knight (1929–2004) — X-15 flight 190
  • USSR Pyotr Kolodin — No flights, backup for several missions.
  • USSR Vladimir Komarov (1927–1967) † — Voskhod 1. Died during Soyuz 1 reentry crash.
  • RUS Yelena Kondakova[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Soyuz TM-20/STS-84
  • RUS Dmitri Kondratyev — Soyuz TMA-20
  • RUS Oleg Kononenko — Soyuz TMA-12, Soyuz TMA-03M, Soyuz TMA-17M, Soyuz MS-11, Soyuz MS-24/MS-25
  • USA Timothy L. Kopra — STS-127/128, Soyuz TMA-19M
  • RUS Mikhail Korniyenko — Soyuz TMA-18, Soyuz TMA-16M/18M
  • RUS Sergey Korsakov — Soyuz MS-21
  • RUS Valery Korzun — Soyuz TM-24, STS-111/113
  • RUS Oleg Kotov — Soyuz TMA-10, Soyuz TMA-17, Soyuz TMA-10M
  • USSR Vladimir Kovalyonok — Soyuz 25, Soyuz 29/31, Soyuz T-4
  • RUS Konstantin Kozeyev — Soyuz TM-33/32
  • USA Kevin Kregel — STS-70, STS-78, STS-87, STS-99
  • USSR RUS Sergei Krikalev — Soyuz TM-7, Soyuz TM-12/Soyuz TM-13, STS-60, STS-88, Soyuz TM-31/STS-102, Soyuz TMA-6
  • USSR Valeri Kubasov (1935–2019) — Soyuz 6, Soyuz 19, Soyuz 36/35
  • RUS Sergey Kud-Sverchkov — Soyuz MS-17
  • NLD André Kuipers — Soyuz TMA-4/3, Soyuz TMA-03M
  • USA Robb Kulin — No flights. Resigned as an astronaut candidate in 2018.

L

  • USA Kelly Latimer — Galactic 02, Galactic 04, Galactic 05
  • USSR Aleksandr Laveykin — Soyuz TM-2
  • USA Robert Lawrence (1935–1967) — No flights. Trained for MOL program.
  • USA Wendy Lawrence[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-67, STS-86, STS-91, STS-114
  • USSR Vasili Lazarev (1928–1990) — Soyuz 12, Soyuz 18a
  • RUS Aleksandr Lazutkin — Soyuz TM-25
  • USSR Valentin Lebedev — Soyuz 13, Soyuz T-5/7
  • USA Mark C. Lee — STS-30, STS-47, STS-64, STS-82
  • USA David Leestma — STS-41-G, STS-28, STS-45
  • USA William B. Lenoir (1939–2010) — STS-5
  • USSR Alexei Leonov (1934–2019) — Voskhod 2, Soyuz 19. First space walk.
  • USA Frederick W. Leslie — STS-73
  • USSR Anatoli Levchenko (1941–1988) — Soyuz TM-4/3
  • USA Byron Lichtenberg — STS-9, STS-45
  • USA Don Lind — STS-51-B
  • USA Kjell N. Lindgren — Soyuz TMA-17M, SpaceX Crew-4 (2022)
  • USA Steven Lindsey — STS-87, STS-95, STS-104, STS-121, STS-133
  • USA Jerry Linenger — STS-64, STS-81/84
  • CHN Song Lingdong — Shenzhou 19
  • USA Richard Linnehan — STS-78, STS-90, STS-109, STS-123
  • USA Gregory Linteris — STS-83, STS-94
  • CHN Li Cong — Shenzhou 18
  • CHN Li Guangsu — Shenzhou 18
  • CHN Liu Boming — Shenzhou 7, Shenzhou 12
  • CHN Liu Wang — Shenzhou 9
  • CHN Liu Yang[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Shenzhou 9, Shenzhou 14
  • USA Anthony Llewellyn — No flights
  • USA Paul Lockhart — STS-111, STS-113
  • RUS Yuri Lonchakov — STS-100, Soyuz TMA-1/TM-34, Soyuz TMA-13
  • USA Michael Lopez-Alegria — STS-73, STS-92, STS-113, Soyuz TMA-9, Axiom Mission 1, Axiom Mission 3
  • USA Christopher Loria — No flights
  • USA John Lounge — STS-51-I, STS-26, STS-35
  • USA Jack Lousma — Skylab 3, STS-3
  • USA Stanley G. Love — STS-122
  • USA Jim Lovell △ — Gemini 7, Gemini 12, Apollo 8, Apollo 13
  • USA G. David Low (1956–2008) — STS-32, STS-43, STS-57
  • USA Edward Lu — STS-84, STS-106, Soyuz TMA-2
  • USA Shannon Lucid[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-51-G, STS-34, STS-43, STS-58, STS-76/79.
  • USSR Vladimir Lyakhov — Soyuz 32/34, Soyuz T-9, Soyuz TM-6/5

M

  • GBR David Mackay — VSS Unity VF-01
  • CAN Steven MacLean — STS-52, STS-115
  • USA Sandra Magnus[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-112, STS-126/119, STS-135
  • USSR Oleg Makarov (1933–2003) — Soyuz 12, Soyuz 18a, Soyuz 27/26, Soyuz T-3
  • RUS Yuri Malenchenko — Soyuz TM-19, STS-106, Soyuz TMA-2, Soyuz TMA-11, Soyuz TMA-05M, Soyuz TMA-19M
  • ITA Franco Malerba — STS-46
  • IND Ravish Malhotra — No flights. India's backup cosmonaut for the Intercosmos program.
  • USSR Yuri Malyshev (1941–1999) — Soyuz T-2, Soyuz T-11/10
  • USSR RUS Gennadi Manakov — Soyuz TM-10, Soyuz TM-16
  • USSR AZE Musa Manarov — Soyuz TM-4/6, Soyuz TM-11
  • USA Nicole Aunapu Mann[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — SpaceX Crew-5
  • UAE Hazza Al Mansouri — Soyuz MS-15/MS-12
  • USA Thomas Marshburn, M.D. — STS-127, Soyuz TMA-07M, SpaceX Crew-3
  • USA Michael Massimino — STS-109, STS-125
  • USA Richard Mastracchio — STS-106, STS-118, STS-131, Soyuz TMA-11M
  • RUS Denis Matveev — Soyuz MS-21
  • USA Matthias Maurer — SpaceX Crew-3
  • USA Michael Masucci — VSS Unity VF-01, Virgin Galactic Unity 22, Virgin Galactic Unity 25, Galactic 01, Galactic 03, Galactic 05
  • USA Thomas Kenneth "Ken" Mattingly II (1936–2023) △ — Apollo 16, STS-4, STS-51-C.
  • USA K. Megan McArthur[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-125, SpaceX Crew-2
  • USA William S. McArthur — STS-58, STS-74, STS-92, Soyuz TMA-7
  • USA Christa McAuliffe[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] (1948–1986)† — Died in the Challenger liftoff disintegration
  • USA Jon McBride — STS-41-G
  • USA Bruce McCandless II (1937–2017) — STS-41-B, STS-31
  • USA Anne McClain[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Soyuz MS-11, SpaceX Crew-10
  • USA William C. McCool (1961–2003) † — Died in the Columbia reentry disintegration (STS-107)
  • USA Michael J. McCulley — STS-34
  • USA John B. McKay (1922–1975) — X-15 Flight 150 (awarded posthumously). Died from long-term complications of the Flight 74 accident in 1962.
  • USA James McDivitt (1929–2022) — Gemini 4, Apollo 9
  • USA Donald McMonagle — STS-39, STS-54, STS-66
  • USA Ronald McNair (1950–1986) † — STS-41-B. Died in the Challenger liftoff disintegration (STS-51L).
  • USA Carl Meade — STS-38, STS-50, STS-64
  • USA Jessica Meir[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Soyuz MS-15 (Expedition 61/62). A member of the first all-female EVA team.
  • USA Bruce Melnick — STS-41, STS-49
  • USA Pamela Melroy[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-92, STS-112, STS-120
  • USA Mike Melvill — SpaceShipOne flight 15P and 16P
  • USA Leland D. Melvin — STS-122, STS-129
  • Germany Ulf Merbold — STS-9, STS-42, Soyuz TM-20/19
  • GER Ernst Messerschmid — STS-61-A
  • USA Dorothy M. Metcalf-Lindenburger[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-131
  • USA Anna Menon[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Polaris Dawn
  • USA Curt Michel (1934–2015) — No flights
  • RUS Aleksandr Misurkin — Soyuz TMA-08M, Soyuz MS-06, Soyuz MS-20
  • USA Edgar Mitchell (1930–2016) △▲ — Apollo 14
  • DEN Andreas Mogensen — Soyuz TMA-18M, SpaceX Crew-7
  • USA Jasmin Moghbeli[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — SpaceX Crew-7
  • Afghanistan Abdul Ahad Mohmand — Soyuz TM-6/5
  • JPN Mamoru Mohri — STS-47, STS-99
  • USA Andrew R. Morgan — Soyuz MS-13/MS-15
  • USA Barbara Morgan[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-118
  • USA Lee Morin — STS-110
  • RUS Boris Morukov (1950–2015) — STS-106
  • USA Beth Moses — VSS Unity VF-01
  • JPN Chiaki Mukai, M.D.[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-65, STS-95
  • USA Richard Mullane — STS-41-D, STS-27, STS-36
  • USSR KAZ Talgat Musabayev — Soyuz TM-19, Soyuz TM-27, Soyuz TM-32/31
  • USA Story Musgrave, M.D. — STS-6, STS-51-F, STS-33, STS-44, STS-61, STS-80

N

  • USA Steven R. Nagel (1946–2014) — STS-51-G, STS-61-A, STS-37, STS-55
  • USA George Nelson — STS-41-C, STS-61-C, STS-26
  • USSR Grigori Nelyubov (1934–1966) — No flights. Vostok backup.
  • MEX Rodolfo Neri Vela — STS-61-B
  • ITA Paolo A. Nespoli — STS-120, Soyuz TMA-20, Soyuz MS-05
  • USA James H. Newman — STS-51, STS-69, STS-88, STS-109
  • UAE Sultan Al Neyadi — SpaceX Crew-6
  • CHE Claude Nicollier — STS-46, STS-61, STS-75, STS-103
  • CHN Nie Haisheng — Shenzhou 6, Shenzhou 10, Shenzhou 12
  • USSR Andriyan Nikolayev (1929–2004) — Vostok 3, Soyuz 9
  • JPN Soichi Noguchi — STS-114, Soyuz TMA-17, SpaceX Crew-1
  • PER USA Carlos I. Noriega — STS-84, STS-97
  • RUS Oleg Novitskiy — Soyuz TMA-06M, Soyuz MS-03, Soyuz MS-18, Soyuz MS-25/MS-24
  • USA Lisa Nowak[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-121
  • USA Karen Nyberg[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-124, Soyuz TMA-09M

O

  • USA Bryan O'Connor — STS-61-B, STS-40
  • USA Ellen Ochoa[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-56, STS-66, STS-96, STS-110
  • NLD Wubbo Ockels (1946–2014) — STS-61-A
  • USA William Oefelein — STS-116
  • USA Loral O'Hara[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Soyuz MS-24
  • USA Brian O'Leary (1940–2011) — No flights
  • USA John D. Olivas — STS-117, STS-128
  • JPN Takuya Onishi — Soyuz MS-01, Expedition 48/49, SpaceX Crew-10
  • USA Ellison Onizuka (1946–1986) † — STS-51-C. Died in the Challenger liftoff disintegration (STS-51L).
  • RUS Yuri Onufrienko — Soyuz TM-23, STS-108/111
  • USA Stephen Oswald — STS-42, STS-56, STS-67
  • RUS Aleksey Ovchinin — Soyuz TMA-20M, Soyuz MS-10, Soyuz MS-12, Soyuz MS-26
  • USA Robert Overmyer (1936–1996) — STS-5, STS-51-B

P

  • RUS Gennady Padalka — Soyuz TM-28, Soyuz TMA-4, Soyuz TMA-14, Soyuz TMA-04M, Soyuz TMA-16M
  • USA William Pailes — STS-51-J
  • USA Scott Parazynski, M.D. — STS-66, STS-86, STS-95, STS-100, STS-120
  • USA Ronald A. Parise (1951–2008) — STS-35, STS-67
  • USA Robert Parker — STS-9, STS-35
  • ITA Luca Parmitano — Soyuz TMA-09M, Soyuz MS-13
  • GBR USA Nicholas Patrick — STS-116, STS-130
  • USSR Viktor Patsayev (1933–1971) † — Died in the Soyuz 11 reentry depressurisation.
  • USA James Pawelczyk — STS-90
  • CAN Julie Payette[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-96, STS-127
  • USA Gary Payton — STS-51-C
  • GBR Timothy Peake — Soyuz TMA-19M
  • ITA Nicola Pecile -- Galactic 01, Galactic 03, Galactic 06, Galactic 07
  • FRA Philippe Perrin, EAC — STS-111
  • RUS Kirill Peskov — SpaceX Crew-10
  • FRA Thomas Pesquet — Soyuz MS-03, SpaceX Crew-2
  • USA Donald Peterson — STS-6
  • RUS Dmitry Petelin — Soyuz MS-22/MS-23
  • USA Donald Pettit — STS-113/Soyuz TMA-1, STS-126, Soyuz TMA-03M, Soyuz MS-26
  • USA John Phillips — STS-100, Soyuz TMA-6, STS-119
  • RUS Oleg Platonov — SpaceX Crew-11
  • USA William Pogue (1930–2014) — Skylab 4
  • USA Alan G. Poindexter (1961–2012) — STS-122, STS-131
  • USA Mark Polansky — STS-98, STS-116, STS-127
  • RUS Alexander Poleshchuk — Soyuz TM-16
  • USSR RUS Valeri Polyakov, M.D. (1942–2022) — Soyuz TM-6/7, Soyuz TM-18/20
  • BRA Marcos Pontes — Soyuz TMA-8
  • USSR Leonid Popov — Soyuz 35/37, Soyuz 40, Soyuz T-7/5
  • USSR Pavel Popovich (1930–2009) — Vostok 4, Soyuz 14
  • USA Scott Poteet — Polaris Dawn
  • USA Charles Precourt — STS-55, STS-71, STS-84, STS-91
  • USA Sian Proctor[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Inspiration4
  • RUS Sergey Prokopyev — Soyuz MS-09, Soyuz MS-22/MS-23
  • Socialist Republic of Romania Dumitru Prunariu — Soyuz 40

R

  • ISR Ilan Ramon (1954–2003)† — Died in the Columbia reentry disintegration (STS-107)
  • USA William Readdy — STS-42, STS-51, STS-79
  • USA Kenneth Reightler — STS-48, STS-60
  • USA James F. Reilly — STS-89, STS-104, STS-117
  • USA Garrett Reisman — STS-123/124, STS-132
  • GER Thomas Reiter — Soyuz TM-22, STS-121/116 Expedition 13
  • CSK Vladimír Remek — Soyuz 28
  • USA Judith Resnik[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] (1949–1986)† — STS-41D. Died in the Challenger liftoff disintegration (STS-51L)
  • RUS Sergei Revin — Soyuz TMA-04M
  • USA Paul W. Richards — STS-102
  • USA Richard N. Richards — STS-28, STS-41, STS-50, STS-64
  • USA Sally Ride[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] (1951–2012) — STS-7, STS-41-G. First American woman in space.
  • USA Patricia Robertson, M.D.[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] (1963–2001) — No flights
  • USA Stephen Robinson — STS-85, STS-95, STS-114, STS-130
  • USA Russell L. Rogers (1928–1967) — No flights. Assigned to the Dyna Soar project.
  • RUS Roman Romanenko — Soyuz TMA-15 Soyuz TMA-07M
  • USSR Yuri Romanenko — Soyuz 26/27, Soyuz 38, Soyuz TM-2/3
  • USA Kent Rominger — STS-73, STS-80, STS-85, STS-96, STS-100
  • USA Stuart Roosa (1933–1994) △ — Apollo 14
  • USA Jerry L. Ross — STS-61-B, STS-27, STS-37, STS-55, STS-74, STS-88, STS-110
  • USSR Valery Rozhdestvensky — Soyuz 23
  • USA Kathleen Rubins — Soyuz MS-01, ISS Expedition 48, Expedition 49, Soyuz MS-17
  • US Francisco Rubio — Soyuz MS-22/MS-23
  • USSR Nikolay Rukavishnikov (1932–2002) — Soyuz 10, Soyuz 16, Soyuz 33
  • USA Mario Runco Jr. — STS-44, STS-54, STS-77
  • RUS Sergei Ryazanski — Soyuz TMA-10M, Soyuz MS-05
  • USSR RUS Valery Ryumin (1939–2022) — Soyuz 25, Soyuz 32/34, Soyuz 35/37, STS-91
  • RUS Sergey Ryzhikov — Soyuz MS-02, Soyuz MS-17, Soyuz MS-27

S

  • USA Albert Sacco — STS-73
  • CAN David Saint-Jacques — Soyuz MS-11.
  • RUS Aleksandr Samokutyayev — Soyuz TMA-21, Soyuz TMA-14M
  • USSR Gennadi Sarafanov (1942–2005) — Soyuz 15
  • USA Robert Satcher, M.D. — STS-129
  • KSA Sultan bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud — STS-51-G
  • USSR Viktor Savinykh — Soyuz T-4, Soyuz T-13/14
  • USSR Svetlana Savitskaya[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Soyuz T-7/5, Soyuz T-12
  • USA Wally Schirra (1923–2007) — Mercury 8, Gemini 6A, Apollo 7
  • GER Hans Schlegel — STS-55, STS-122
  • USA Harrison Schmitt △▲ — Apollo 17
  • USA Rusty Schweickart — Apollo 9
  • USA Dick Scobee (1939–1986) † — STS-41-C. Died in the Challenger liftoff disintegration (STS-51L).
  • USA David Scott △▲ — Gemini 8, Apollo 9, Apollo 15
  • USA Winston Scott — STS-72, STS-87
  • AUS USA Paul Scully-Power — STS-41-G
  • USA Richard Searfoss (1956–2018) — STS-58, STS-76, STS-90
  • USA Rhea Seddon, M.D.[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-51-D, STS-40, STS-58
  • USA Elliot See (1927–1966) — No flights
  • USA Ronald Sega — STS-60, STS-76
  • GBR USA Piers Sellers (1955–2016) — STS-112, STS-121, STS-132
  • USA Christopher Sembroski — Inspiration4
  • USSR RUS Aleksandr Serebrov (1944–2013) — Soyuz T-7/5, Soyuz T-8, Soyuz TM-8, Soyuz TM-17
  • RUS Yelena Serova[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Soyuz TMA-14M
  • USSR Vitali Sevastyanov (1935–2010) — Soyuz 9, Soyuz 18
  • USA Doug Shane — Commercial astronaut, SpaceShipOne 2003
  • RUS Yuri Shargin — Soyuz TMA-5/4
  • RUS Salizhan Sharipov — STS-89, Soyuz TMA-5
  • IND Rakesh Sharma — Soyuz T-11/10
  • UK Helen Sharman — Soyuz TM-12, Soyuz TM-11
  • USSR Vladimir Shatalov (1927–2021) — Soyuz 4, Soyuz 8, Soyuz 10
  • USA Brewster Shaw — STS-9, STS-61-B, STS-28
  • USA Alan Shepard △▲ (1923–1998) — Mercury-Redstone 3, Apollo 14. First American in space.
  • USA William Shepherd — STS-27, STS-41, STS-52, Soyuz TM-31/STS-102
  • RUS Anton Shkaplerov — Soyuz TMA-22, Soyuz TMA-15M, Soyuz MS-07, Soyuz MS-19
  • USSR Georgi Shonin (1935–1997) — Soyuz 6
  • USA Loren Shriver — STS-51-C, STS-31, STS-46
  • IND Shubhanshu Shukla — Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4)
  • MYS Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, M.D. — Soyuz TMA-11/10
  • USA Peter Siebold — Commercial astronaut, SpaceShipOne 2003
  • RUS Oleg Skripochka — Soyuz TMA-01M, Soyuz TMA-20M, Soyuz MS-15
  • RUS Aleksandr Skvortsov — Soyuz TMA-18, Soyuz TMA-12M, Soyuz MS-13
  • USA Donald "Deke" Slayton (1924–1993) — Apollo–Soyuz Test Project
  • USA Michael J. Smith (1945–1986) † — Died in the Challenger liftoff disintegration (STS-51L)
  • USA Steven Smith — STS-68, STS-82, STS-103, STS-110
  • USSR RUS Anatoly Solovyev — Soyuz TM-5/4, Soyuz TM-9, Soyuz TM-15, STS-71/Soyuz TM-21, Soyuz TM-26
  • USSR Vladimir Solovyov — Soyuz T-10/11, Soyuz T-15
  • USA Sherwood Spring — STS-61-B
  • USA Robert Springer — STS-29, STS-38
  • USA Thomas Patten Stafford △ — Gemini 6A, Gemini 9A, Apollo 10, Apollo–Soyuz Test Project
  • USA Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-115, STS-126
  • USA Robert Stewart — STS-41-B, STS-51-J
  • ISR Eytan Stibbe — Axiom Mission 1
  • USA Susan Still Kilrain[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-83, STS-94
  • USA Nicole Marie Passonno Stott[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-128, STS-133
  • BUL Krasimir Stoyanov-Soyuz TM-5 — No flights.
  • USSR RUS Gennady Strekalov (1940–2004) — Soyuz T-3, Soyuz T-8, Soyuz T-11/10, Soyuz TM-10, Soyuz TM-21/STS-71
  • USA Mark Stucky — VSS Unity VP-03
  • USA Frederick Sturckow — STS-88, STS-105, STS-117, STS-128, VSSUnity VP-03, Unity 21, Unity 25, Galactic 02, Galactic 04, Galactic 06
  • USA Kathryn Sullivan[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]], — STS-41-G, STS-31, STS-45
  • RUS Maksim Surayev — Soyuz TMA-16, Soyuz TMA-13M
  • USA Steven Swanson — STS-117, STS-119, Soyuz TMA-12M
  • USA John "Jack" Swigert (1931–1982) △ — Apollo 13

T

  • CUB Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez — Soyuz 38
  • JPN Akiyama Toyohiro — Soyuz TM-11
  • USA Daniel Tani — STS-108, STS-120/122
  • USA Joseph Tanner — STS-66, STS-82, STS-97, STS-115
  • RUS Evgeny Tarelkin — Soyuz TMA-06M
  • USA James M. Taylor (1930–1970) — No flights. Assigned to MOL project.
  • USSR Valentina Tereshkova[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Vostok 6. First woman in space.
  • USA Norman Thagard, M.D. — STS-7, STS-51-B, STS-30, STS-42, Soyuz TM-21/STS-71
  • GER Gerhard Thiele — STS-99
  • CAN Robert Thirsk, M.D. — STS-78, Soyuz TMA-15
  • AUS USA Andrew Thomas — STS-77, STS-89/91, STS-102, STS-114
  • USA Donald Thomas — STS-65, STS-70, STS-83, STS-94
  • USA Stephen Thorne (1953–1986) — No flights. Died in a stunt plane accident before completing training.
  • USA Kathryn Thornton[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-33, STS-49, STS-61, STS-73
  • USA William E. Thornton, M.D. (1929–2021) — STS-8, STS-51-B
  • USA Pierre Thuot — STS-36, STS-49, STS-62
  • USSR Gherman Titov (1935–2000) — Vostok 2
  • USSR RUS Vladimir Titov — Soyuz T-8, Soyuz TM-4/6, STS-63, STS-86
  • CHN Tang Hongbo — Shenzhou 12, Shenzhou 17
  • CHN Tang Shengjie — Shenzhou 17
  • USA Scott D. Tingle — Soyuz MS-07
  • FRA Michel Tognini, EAC — Soyuz TM-15/14, STS-93
  • RUS Valery Tokarev — STS-96, Soyuz TMA-7
  • RUS Sergei Treshchov — STS-111/113
  • USA Eugene Trinh — STS-50
  • USA Richard Truly (1937–2024) — STS-2, STS-8
  • ISL CAN Bjarni Tryggvason (1945–2022) — STS-85
  • RUS Vasili Tsibliyev — Soyuz TM-17, Soyuz TM-25
  • VNM Phạm Tuân — Soyuz 37/36
  • RUS Mikhail Tyurin — STS-105/108, Soyuz TMA-9, Soyuz TMA-11M

U

  • RUS Yuri Usachov — Soyuz TM-18, Soyuz TM-23, STS-101, STS-102/STS-105
  • POL Sławosz Uznański-Wiśniewski — Axiom Mission 4

V

  • NLD USA Lodewijk van den Berg (1932–2022) — STS-51-B
  • USA James "Ox" van Hoften — STS-41-C, STS-51-I
  • USA Mark Vande Hei — Soyuz MS-06, Soyuz MS-18, Soyuz MS-19
  • RUS Ivan Vagner — Soyuz MS-16, Soyuz MS-26
  • USSR Vladimir Vasyutin (1952–2002) — Soyuz T-14
  • USA Charles Veach (1944–1995) — STS-39, STS-52
  • AUT Franz Viehböck — Soyuz TM-13/12
  • USSR RUS Alexander Viktorenko — Soyuz TM-3/2, Soyuz TM-8, Soyuz TM-14, Soyuz TM-20
  • RUS Pavel Vinogradov — Soyuz TM-26, Soyuz TMA-8, Soyuz TMA-08M
  • USA Terry Virts — STS-130, Soyuz TMA-15M
  • ITA Roberto Vittori — Soyuz 34/33, Soyuz TMA-6/5, STS-134
  • USSR Igor Volk — Soyuz T-12
  • USSR RUS Alexander Volkov — Soyuz T-14, Soyuz TM-7, Soyuz TM-13
  • RUS Sergey Volkov — Soyuz TMA-12, Soyuz TMA-02M, Soyuz TMA-18M
  • USSR Vladislav Volkov (1935–1971) † — Soyuz 7. Died in the Soyuz 11 reentry depressurisation.
  • USSR Boris Volynov — Soyuz 5, Soyuz 21
  • USA James Voss — STS-44, STS-53, STS-69, STS-101, STS-102/105
  • USA Janice Voss[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] (1956–2012) — STS-57, STS-63, STS-83, STS-94, STS-99

W

  • JPN Koichi Wakata — STS-72, STS-92, STS-119/127, Soyuz TMA-11M, SpaceX Crew-5
  • USA Rex Walheim — STS-110, STS-122, STS-135
  • USA Charles D. Walker — STS-41-D, STS-51-D, STS-61-B
  • USA David M. Walker (1944–2001) — STS-51-A, STS-30, STS-53, STS-69
  • USA Joseph A. Walker (1921–1966) — X-15 flights 77, 90, 91
  • USA Shannon Walker[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Soyuz TMA-19, SpaceX Crew-1
  • GER Ulrich Walter — STS-55
  • ITA Walter Villadei — Axiom Mission 3
  • USA Carl Walz — STS-51, STS-65, STS-79, STS-108/111
  • SWE/NOR Marcus Wandt — Axiom Mission 3; fastest-trained astronaut in history after selection to fly into orbit
  • CHN Wang Haoze[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Shenzhou 19
  • CHN Wang Jie — Shenzhou 20
  • USA Taylor Wang — STS-51-B
  • CHN Wang Yaping — Shenzhou 10, Shenzhou 13[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]]
  • USA Jessica Watkins[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — SpaceX Crew-4 (2022)
  • USA Mary Weber[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-70, STS-101
  • USA Paul Weitz (1932–2017) — Skylab 2, STS-6
  • USA James Wetherbee — STS-32, STS-52, STS-63, STS-86, STS-102, STS-113
  • USA Douglas Wheelock — STS-120, Soyuz TMA-19
  • USA Ed White (1930–1967) † — Gemini 4. Died in the Apollo 1 fire accident.
  • USA Robert Michael White (1924–2010) — X-15 flight 62
  • USA Peggy Whitson[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-111/113, Soyuz TMA-11, Soyuz MS-03/MS-04, Axiom Mission 2, Axiom mission 4
  • USA Terrence Wilcutt — STS-68, STS-79, STS-89, STS-106
  • USA Clifton "C.C." Williams (1932–1967) † — No flights. Died in a plane crash during training.
  • CAN Dafydd Williams, M.D. — STS-90, STS-118
  • USA Donald Williams (1942–2016) — STS-51-D, STS-34
  • USA Jeffrey Williams — STS-101, Soyuz TMA-8, Soyuz TMA-16, Soyuz TMA-20M
  • USA Sunita "Suni" Williams[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-116/117, Soyuz TMA-05M, Boeing CFT/SpaceX Crew-9
  • USA Barry Wilmore — STS-129, Soyuz TMA-14M, Boeing CFT/SpaceX Crew-9
  • USA Stephanie Wilson[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-121, STS-120, STS-131
  • USA Gregory R. Wiseman — Soyuz TMA-13M
  • USA Peter Wisoff — STS-57, STS-68, STS-81, STS-92
  • USA David Wolf, M.D. — STS-58, STS-86/89, STS-112, STS-127
  • USA Neil Woodward — No flights
  • USA Alfred Worden (1932–2020) △ — Apollo 15

Y

  • JPN Naoko Yamazaki[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — STS-131
  • CHN Yang Liwei — Shenzhou 5
  • CHN Ye Guangfu — Shenzhou 13, Shenzhou 18
  • USSR Boris Yegorov, M.D. (1937–1994) — Voskhod 1
  • USSR Aleksei Yeliseyev — Soyuz 5/4, Soyuz 8, Soyuz 10
  • KOR Yi So-yeon[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — Soyuz TMA-12/11
  • USA John Young (1930–2018) △▲ — Gemini 3, Gemini 10, Apollo 10, Apollo 16, STS-1, STS-9
  • JPN Kimiya Yui — Soyuz TMA-17M, SpaceX Crew-11
  • RUS Fyodor Yurchikhin — STS-112, Soyuz TMA-10, Soyuz TMA-19, Soyuz TMA-09M, Soyuz MS-04

Z

  • RUS Sergei Zalyotin — Soyuz TM-30, Soyuz TMA-1/TM-34
  • USA George D. Zamka — STS-120, STS-130
  • CHN Zhai Zhigang — Shenzhou 7, Shenzhou 13
  • CHN Zhang Lu — Shenzhou 15
  • CHN Zhang Xiaoguang — Shenzhou 10
  • USSR Vitaliy Zholobov — Soyuz 21
  • CHN Zhu Yangzhu — Shenzhou 16
  • RUS Alexey Zubritsky — Soyuz MS-27
  • USSR Vyacheslav Zudov — Soyuz 23

References

References

  1. (2011-03-02). "Astronaut scientists for hire open new research frontier in space". Kurzweil Accelerating Intelligence Network: Boston.
  2. Seedhouse, Erik. (2012). "Astronauts For Hire: The Emergence of a Commercial Astronaut Corps". Springer Science.
  3. "Gemini 8".
  4. "Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM)".
  5. "Mercury Atlas 7".
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