List of active separatist movements in Europe

Azerbaijan

Lezgistan

• Ethnic group: Lezgins
  • Proposed: Autonomy or outright independence for Lezgian flag.svg Lezgistan or unification with Dagestan
  • Political organisation: [[File:Lezgin flag sadval.png|frameless|24x24px]] Sadval movement,[[File:Flag of Artsakh.svg|frameless|24x24px]] Artsakh Republic

Denmark

Faroe Islands Main article: Faroese independence movement

• People: Faroese
  • Proposed state: Faroe Islands or autonomy
    • Political parties: Republican Party, Progress, People's Party, Centre Party, Self-Government Party

• People: Danes of Bornholm
  • Proposed state: Bornholm [[File:Flag of Denmark Bornholm.svg|frameless|15x15px]] or autonomy.
    • Advocacy groups: Bornholmer Party

France

;Secessionist movements

Basque Country French Basque Country/Drapeau proposé pour les Pyrenees-atlantiques.svg Pyrénées-Atlantiques

Main article: Basque nationalism, Basque Country independence

• People: Basque
  • Proposed state: unification with the Basque Country Basque Country and Navarre – Euskal Herria as an independent state or autonomy.
    • Political parties: Euskal Herria Bai, Abertzaleen Batasuna (AB), Eusko Alkartasuna (EFA member), Euzko Alderdi Jeltzalea (Basque Nationalist Party).
    • Trade unions: Euskal Langileen Alkartasuna, Langile Abertzaleen Batzordeak
    • Youth advocacy groups: Gazte Abertzaleak, Segi
    • Militant organisations: Irrintzi

État_Pied_Noir.svg Etat Pied-Noir :* Ethnic group: Pieds-Noirs :* Political party: Etat Pied-Noir :* Status: Active (Established in 2016) :* Proposed state: The federation of the two shores

Brittany Historic Brittany, comprising Brittany (administrative region) and Loire-Atlantique

Main article: Breton nationalism, Reunification of Brittany

• People: Bretons
  • Proposed state or autonomous region: Brittany
    • Advocacy groups: Celtic League
    • Political parties: Unvaniezh Demokratel Breizh, Adsav, Strollad Breizh, Emgann, Brittany Movement and Progress, Young Bretons Movement
    • Militant organisation: Talbenn Dieubiñ Breizh (Breton Revolutionary Army) (ARB)

Corsica

Main article: Corsican nationalism, corsican autonomy

• People: Corsicans
  • Proposed state or autonomous region: Corsica
    • Political party: Corsica Libera, Pè a Corsica, Partitu di a Nazione Corsa (EFA member)
    • Militant group: National Liberation Front of Corsica

Flanders French Flanders Main article: Flemish nationalism

• People: Flemings
  • Proposed state: Flanders French Flanders, Pale of Calais and Audomarois and re-unification with West Flanders, East Flanders, Tournaisis and Zeelandic Flanders into an independent Flemish state, unification with the Netherlands (separatist) or Belgium (autonomist)
    • Political party: Flemish movement

Provence

• People: Provençals (Occitans)
  • Proposed state: Provence Provence or autonomy
    • Militant group: Front Nacionala Liberacion de Provença
    • Political party: Prouvènço Nacioun

Catalonia Northern Catalonia/Pyrénées-Orientales

• People: Catalans
  • Proposed state or autonomous region: reunification with Catalonia or the Estelada roja.svg Catalan Countries as an independent state, or autonomy (which includes separation from the region of Occitania)
    • Political parties: Esquerra Republicana–Catalunya del Nord, Oui au Pays Catalan (autonomist), Popular Unity Candidacy, Catalan Unity
    • Advocacy organisations: Catalunya Nord per la independència, Òmnium Catalunya Nord
    • Youth organisations: Joventuts d'Esquerra Republicana (Catalunya Nord), Arran

• Proposed state: Proposed Federating of Nice, Savoy, Valle d'Aosta, Piedmont, Lomellina and Oltrepò Pavese, the old Province of Bobbio, Oneglia and Dolceacqua "into a multilingual and plurinational state on the Swiss model."
• Political parties: État de Savoie, Piemonte Stato
• Advocacy groups: Gioventura Piemontèisa

Burgundy

• Proposed: independence for Burgundy
  • Advocacy group: le Mouvement de Libération de la Bourgogne

Georgia

Main article: Russo-Georgian War

Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia Main article: Abkhaz–Georgian conflict

• People: Abkhazians
  • De facto state: Abkhazia (recognized by 5 UN members)
  • Proposition: Recognition of Abkhazia as an independent state.
    • Political organisation: Government of Abkhazia
    • Militant organisation: Abkhazian Armed Forces

Territory of the former South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast Main article: Ossetian–Georgian conflict

• People: Ossetians
  • De facto state: South Ossetia (recognized by 5 UN members)
  • Proposition: Recognition of South Ossetia as an independent state or unification with Russia or unification with North Ossetia to form a united independent Ossetia
    • Political organisation: Government of South Ossetia
    • Militant organisation: Armed Forces of South Ossetia

Germany

Saxony

• People: Upper Saxons
• Proposed state or autonomous area: [[File:FreeSaxonflag.png|frameless|25x25px]] Saxony
  • Political party: [[File:FreeSaxonflag.png|frameless|25x25px]] Free Saxony

Lusatia

• People: Sorbs
  • Proposed state or autonomous area: Lusatia
    • Political party: Lusatian Alliance
    • Non-governmental organization: Domowina, Foundation for the Sorbian People

East Frisia

• Proposed autonomous area: East Frisia
  • Ethnic group: Frisians
  • Political party: Die Friesen

Italy

Flag of Friuli-Venezia Giulia.svg Friuli-Venezia Giulia Main article: Friulian Front

• People: Friulians
  • Proposed state: Bandiere dal Friûl.svg Friuli
    • Political parties:
      • Secessionist parties: Res Publica Furlane-Parlament Furlan, Patrie Furlane, Friulian Front,
      • Autonomist parties: Pact for Autonomy

Flag of Lombardy.svg Lombardy Main article: Lombard nationalism

• Proposed state: Bandiera Lombardia.jpg Republic of Lombardy or autonomy.
  • Political parties (autonomist): Lega per l'Autonomia – Alleanza Lombarda
  • Political parties (secessionist): Pro Lombardy Independence, Lega Lombarda

Northern Italy Main article: Padanian nationalism

• Proposed state: Flag of Padania.svg Padania
  • Political parties (autonomist): Lega Nord, Great North
  • Political parties (secessionist): Lega Nord (formerly), Lega Padana, Padanian Union, Alpine Padanian Union

Southern Italy

• Proposed state: Proposed flag of Southern Italy (Due Sicilie).svg Mezzogiorno, Meridione, Magna Graecia, or Due Sicilie
  • Political parties (autonomist): We the South, Great South, Movement for Autonomy Autonomy South, Force of the South and I the South,
  • Political parties (secessionist): Lega Sud Ausonia

Sicily Main article: Sicilian nationalism

• People: Sicilians
  • Proposed state: EVIS flag.svg Sicily
    • Political parties (autonomist): Sicilian Socialist Party, Party of the Sicilians, Movement for Autonomy
    • Political parties (secessionist): Free Sicilians
    • Advocacy groups: Sicilian National Front, Sicilia Nazione, Sicilian National Liberation Movement.

South Tyrol Main article: South Tyrolean secessionist movement

• Proposed: Greater autonomy or independence for South Tyrol or unification with Tyrol in Austria
  • Political parties: Die Freiheitlichen (independence), South Tyrolean Freedom (unification)

Savoy

• Proposed state: Proposed Federating of Nice, Savoy, Valle d'Aosta, Piedmont, Lomellina and Oltrepò Pavese, the old Province of Bobbio, Oneglia and Dolceacqua "into a multilingual and plurinational state on the Swiss model."
• Political parties: État de Savoie, Piemonte Stato
• Advocacy groups: Gioventura Piemontèisa

Tuscany

• Ethnic group: Tuscans
  • Proposed: independence or greater autonomy for Tuscany
  • Political party: Tuscan Autonomist Movement, Toscano Stato

Veneto Main article: Venetian nationalism

• Proposed state: Flag of the Republic of Venice.svg Republic of Venice or autonomy
  • Political parties (autonomist): Liga Veneta, Veneto for Autonomy
  • Political parties (secessionist): Party of Venetians, Venetian Independence, We Are Veneto, Liga Veneta Repubblica, Venetian People's Unity, Venetian Left
  • youth organization: Independentist Youth
  • National Liberation Movement (Self-determination): Venetian National Liberation Movement

Trieste

• Proposed state: Free Territory of Trieste
  • Advocacy group: Movement for the Independence of the Free Territory of Trieste

Aosta Valley

• Proposition: Greater autonomy for Aosta
  • Political party: Valdostan Union

Sardinia

• Ethnic group: Sardinian people
  • Proposition: Greater autonomy or independence for Sardinia.
  • Advocacy groups: Canton Marittimo
  • Political parties: Sardinian Action Party

Moldova

;Breakaway state

Transnistria Main article: Transnistria War

• People: Equal proportions of Russians, Ukrainians and Moldovans

  • De facto state: Flag of Transnistria (state).svg Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic
    • Proposed state: Transnistria or unification with Russia
      • Political organisation: Government of Transnistria
        • Militant organisation: Army of Transnistria Gagauzia

• People: Gagauz people

  • Proposed State: Flag_of_the_Gagauz_people.svg Flag_of_the_Gagauz_Republic_(Variant).svg Gagauz Republic
    • Political organisation: Peoples of Union of Gagauzia

Montenegro

Sandzak

• Ethnic group: Bosniak
  • Proposed: Greater Autonomy
    • Political party: Free Sandzaz

Netherlands

Frisian flag.svg Frisia

• People: Frisians, West Frisians
  • Proposed: Greater autonomy or independence for Frisian flag.svg West Frisia
    • Political party: Frisian National Party, (EFA member) (Greater autonomy),{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006220741/http://www.fnp.nl/?program%2Fenglish_version%2F |archive-date=6 October 2007 |access-date=12 April 2009 |url-status=dead

North Brabant (also the Walloon Brabant, Flemish Brabant, Brussels and Antwerp Province)

• Ethnic group: Brabantian
  • Proposed state: Brabant
  • Advocacy group: Pacte des Cygnes

Portugal

Azores

• Ethnic group: Azoreans
  • Proposed state: Azores
    • Militant organization: Azores Liberation Front

Romania

Flag of Transylvania before 1918.svg Transylvania and Proposed flag of Banat.svg Banat

• People: Romanians, Hungarians, Transylvanian Saxons
  • Proposed autonomous area or state: Transylvania or Banat
    • Political party: Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party
    • Advocacy organisations: Liga Pro Europa, Provincia, Autonomy for Transylvania Székely-Hungarian National Guard, Democratic League of Transylvania (Liga Transilvania Democrată), League of Banat (Liga Bănățeană)

Flag of Szekely Land.svg Székely Land

Main article: Székely autonomy movement

• People: Székelys
  • Proposed autonomous area or state: Flag of Szekely Land.svg Székely Land or unification with Hungary
    • Political organisations: Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania, the demand for Hungarian autonomy has been part of their program since 1993. Hungarian Civic Party, they signed a settlement with the Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania about cooperation and joint support for Hungarian autonomy. Hungarian People's Party of Transylvania (PPMT), the party proposes the establishments of Transylvanian parliament and government and supports the case of Székely autonomy in Székely Land. It also advocates territorial autonomy for Partium.
    • Advocacy organisations: Szekler National Council

Russia

Main article: Separatism in Russia, Proposed federal subjects of Russia

Secessionist movements:

Flag of Adygea.svg Adygea and Karachay-Cherkessia

• People: Circassians
  • Proposed autonomous area or state: Flag of Adygea.svg Circassia
    • Advocacy groups: International Circassian Association (Adygea), (former member of the UNPO), Congress of the Peoples of the North Caucasus, Free Nations League

Flag of Bashkortostan.svg Bashkortostan

• People: Bashkirs
  • Proposed state: Flag of Bashkurdistan.svg Bashkortostan
  • Militant organisation: Committee of Bashkir Resistance, Bashkir Company
    • Advocacy groups: Bashkort movement, Bashkir National-Political Center, Free Nations League

Chechnya

• People: Chechens
  • Proposed state: Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (government in exile)
  • Government in exile: Ichkerian government in exile (Proposed to be recognized by UN member: Ukraine)
    • Militant organisation: Chechen separatists, Ajnad al-Kavkaz, Chechen volunteers in Ukraine, Dzhokhar Dudayev Battalion, Ichkerian Special Purpose Battalion, Khamzat Gelayev Detachment
    • Advocacy group: Adat People's Movement, Congress of the Peoples of the North Caucasus

Flag of Dagestan.svg Dagestan

• People: Dagestanis
  • Proposed state: Flag of the Dagestan protesters (2022).svg Flag of Dagestan (anti-mobilization).svg Dagestan
    • Militant organization: Imam Shamil Dagestan Battalion
    • Advocacy group: Dagestani National Center, Congress of the Peoples of the North Caucasus

Flag of Ingushetia.svg Ingushetia

• People: Ingush
  • Proposed state: Flag_of_the_Ingush_Liberation_Army.svg Ingushetia
    • Militant organisation: Ingush Liberation Army
    • Advocacy group: Ingush Independence Committee, Congress of the Peoples of the North Caucasus

Flag of Kaliningrad Oblast.svg Kaliningrad Oblast

• People: Russian, Baltic Prussians, Germans, Lithuanians, Poles
  • Proposed state: Flag of Kaliningrad Oblast.svg Flag Baltic republican party.svg Flag of Königsberg (1800s–1906).svgFlag_of_Ducal_Prussia.svgFlagge_Preußen_-_Provinz_Ostpreußen.svgReconstructed Old Prussian flag.png Baltic Republic/Prussia/Königsberg
    • Advocacy groups: Kaliningrad Public Movement, Respublika Movement Free Nations League

Flag of Kalmykia.svg Republic of Kalmykia

• People: Kalmyks
  • Proposed state: Flag of Kalmykia.svg[[File:Flag of the Congress of the Oirat-Kalmyk nation.png|frameless|24x24px]] [[File:Flag used by emigrants from Kalmykia need to stop the persecuting of activists of the national movement in their homeland..png|frameless|24x24px]] Kalmykia with possible unification with Flag of Astrakhan Oblast.svg Astrakhan Oblast
    • Advocacy group: Oirat-Kalmyk People's Congress

Republic of Karelia

• People: Karelians, Vepsians, Russians, Finns, Pomors
  • Proposed state: KarelianNationalFlag.svg Otava Karelia flag (Dark).svg Karelia
    • Militant organisation: Karelian Group
    • Advocacy groups: Karelian National Movement

Flag of Krasnodar Krai.svg Krasnodar Krai

• People: Cossacks, Russians
  • Proposed state or autonomous area: Flag of Kuban People's Republic.svgKuban
    • Advocacy movements: Community of the Don-Kuban-Terek Citizens, Klin-Yar, Kuban Cossack Host, Kuban Cossacks of the Kuban Host Autonomy Movement, Kuban Cossack Youth, New Kuban Cossack Association, Southern Regional Resource Center, Union of Cossack Republics of Southern Russia
      • Militant organization: Kuban Cossack Army
      • Political parties: Free Cossack Movement, Lapin, Movement for the Federalizations of Kuban, Union of the Cossack Hosts of Russia, Union of the Cossack Hosts of Russia and Abroad, Committee for the Liberation of the Kuban
      • Political organizations: Cossack Congress, Cossacks of the Kuban Rada

Flag_of_Kingisepp_rayon_(Leningrad_oblast).png Kingiseppsky, Flag_of_Lomonosov_rayon_(Leningrad_oblast).png Lomonosovsky, Flag_of_Volosovo_rayon_(Leningrad_oblast).png Volosovsky & Flag_of_Sosnovy_Bor.png Sosnovy Bor districts of Leningrad Oblast

• People: Russians, Izhorians, Ingrians, Votes
  • Proposed state: Ingria
    • Advocacy groups: Free Ingria, Ingria Without Borders

Flag_of_Mari_El.svg Mari El

• People: Mari
  • Proposed federal subject or state: Flag of Mari El (2006).svgMari Ushem flag.svg Mari El
    • Advocacy groups: Free Idel-Ural Flag_of_Mordovia.svg Mordovia
• People: Erzyas
  • Proposed state: Erzya Flag.svg Erzyan Mastor
    • Advocacy group: Free Idel-Ural, Erzyan Mastor
• People: Mokshas
  • Proposed state: Moksha flag.png Mokshan state
    • Advocacy group: Free Idel-Ural, Moksha Committee, Free Nations League

North Caucasian Federal District

• People: Peoples of the Caucasus
  • Proposed state: Flag of the Mountain Republic.svgFlag_of_the_Confederation_of_Mountain_Peoples_of_the_Caucasus.svgConfederation of the Northern Caucasus, United Caucasia
    • Advocacy groups: Chechen government in exile

Flag of Tatarstan.svg Tatarstan

• People: Tatars
  • Proposed state: Flag of Tatarstan.svg Tatar Nationalist Flag.svg Tatarstan
  • Government in exile: Tatarstan government in exile
    • Militant organisation: All-Tatar Public Center
      • Advocacy groups: Ittifaq Party, Free Idel-ural, All-Tatar Public Center, Free Nations League

Flag of Rostov Oblast.svg Rostov Oblast

• People: Cossacks, Russians
  • Proposed state or autonomous area: Cossackia flag.svg Cossackia, Flag of Don Cossacks.svg Don Cossack Host
    • Advocacy groups: Members of the Free Nations League

Flag of Udmurtia.svg Udmurtia

• People: Udmurts
  • Proposed state: Flag of Udmurtia.svg Udmurtia
    • Advocacy groups: Free Idel-Ural

Volga Federal District

• People: Bashkirs, Chuvash, Erzya, Mari, Mokshas, Russians, Tatars, Udmurts
  • Proposed state: Flag of Idel-Ural State.svg Idel-Ural Republic
    • Advocacy group: Free Idel-Ural

Kumykia

• Ethnic group: Kumyks
  • Proposed: autonomy for the Kumyks in Dagestan

Flag of Astrakhan Oblast.svg Astrakhan Oblast

• Ethnic group: Nogai, Astrakhan Tatars
  • Proposed state: [[File:Nogai flag.svg|25px|Nogai_flag]] [[File:Flag of Nogai El.svg|25px|Nogai_El_flag]] Nogai El or unification with Kalmykia
  • Advocacy group: Free Nogai El

Komi

• Ethnic group: Komi people
  • Proposed: independence for Komi Nordic cross flag.svgKomi

Severia

• Ethnic group: Russians
  • Proposed: independence or autonomy for Severia
  • Advocacy group: Seversky Region Movement

Chuvashia

• Ethnic group: Chuvash people
  • Proposed: independence for Chuvashia
  • Advocacy group: Irĕklĕ Chăvash En

Kursk Oblast

• Ethnic group: Russians
  • Proposed: independence or autonomy for Kursk Oblast Smolensk Oblast
• Ethnic group: Russians
  • Proposed: independence or autonomy for Smolensk Oblast
  • Advocacy group: Smolensk Republican Center Pskov Oblast
• Ethnic group: Russians
  • Proposed: independence or autonomy for Pskov Oblast

North Ossetia

• People: Ossetians
  • Proposed: independence for North Ossetia and unification with South Ossetia to form United Ossetia

Vepsia

• People: Veps
  • Proposed: independence for [[File:Flag of Vepsia.svg|25px|Flag_of_Vepsia]] Vepsia

Terek Cossack Host

• People: Cossacks
  • Proposed: independence for [[File:Flag of Terek Cossacks.svg|25px|Flag_of_Terek_Cossacks]] Terek Cossack Host
    • Militant Group: [[File:Flag of Terek Wolf Sotnia.svg|25px|Flag_of_Terek_Wolf_Sotnia]] Terek Wolf Sotnia Zalessian Rus Central Black Earth Region
• Ethnic group: Russians
  • Proposed state: Black Earth Confederation
  • Advocacy group: Council of Black Earth States Flag of Komi-Permyak Okrug.svg Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug
• Ethnic group: Komi-Permyaks
  • Proposed state or autonomous region: Flag of Komi-Permyak Okrug.svg Komi-Permyak

Karachay-Cherkessia

• Ethnic group: Karachays and Balkars
  • Proposed state: Karachaia

Russian-occupied Ukraine

Main article: Ukrainian resistance in Russian-occupied Ukraine

Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol

• People: Ukrainians, Crimean Tatars, Crimean Karaites, Urums, pro-Ukrainian Russians in Ukraine
  • De jure subdivisions within Ukraine: Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Sevastopol
  • Proposed: Crimean Tatars independence or autonomy within unitary Ukraine
    • Political organisations: Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People, Qurultay of the Crimean Tatar People, Yellow Ribbon
    • Militant organisations: Atesh, Popular Resistance of Ukraine

Donetsk People's Republic, Luhansk People's Republic (Annexed by Russia in 2022)

• People: Ukrainians, Pro-Ukrainian Russians in Ukraine
  • De jure entities within Ukraine: Donetsk Oblast, Luhansk Oblast
    • Proposed: reunification with Ukraine
    • Advocacy organisations: Yellow Ribbon
    • Militant organisations: Atesh, Popular Resistance of Ukraine, S.R.O.K

• People: Ukrainians, pro-Ukrainian Russians in Ukraine, Crimean Tatars (Kherson Oblast)
  • De jure subdivisions within Ukraine: Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Kherson Oblast, Kharkiv Oblast
    • Proposed: reunification with Ukraine
    • Advocacy organisations: Yellow Ribbon
    • Militant organisations: Atesh, Popular Resistance of Ukraine, Berdiansk Partisan Army, S.R.O.K

Serbia

;

;Autonomist movements

Vojvodina Vojvodina

Main article: Vojvodina Autonomist Movement

• Proposal: Republic of Vojvodina within federalized Serbia
  • Political parties: League of Social Democrats of Vojvodina

Main article: Hungarian Regional Autonomy

• People: Hungarians in Serbia
  • Proposal: territorial autonomy for Hungarians in the northern part of Vojvodina
    • Political parties: Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians, Hungarian Civic Alliance

Bosniak National Flag in Sandzak.svg Sandžak

• People: Bosniaks in Serbia
  • Proposal: territorial autonomy for Bosniaks in Sandžak
    • Political parties: Party of Democratic Action of Sandžak, Justice and Reconciliation Party

Preševo Valley

• People: Albanians in Serbia
  • Proposal: territorial autonomy for Albanians in the Preševo Valley
    • Political parties: Party for Democratic Action, Albanian Coalition of Preševo Valley

Slovakia

;Autonomist movements

Flag of Felvidék (2015 proposal).svg Southern Slovakia:

• People: Hungarians
  • Proposed autonomous area: Territorial autonomy for the compact Hungarian ethnic block and cultural autonomy for the regions of Hungarian presence, or unification with Hungary
    • Political parties (autonomist): Party of the Hungarian Community, In 2010, the party renewed their demand for autonomy.

Spain

;Secessionist movements

Basque Country Basque Country (autonomous community) and Navarre Main article: Basque nationalism, Basque independence

• People: Basques
  • Proposed state: Basque Country Basque Country (greater region) – Euskal Herria
    • Political parties: Euzko Alderdi Jeltzalea (Basque Nationalist Party) (member of the European Democratic Party), Eusko Alkartasuna (EFA member), Bildu, Eusko Abertzale Ekintza (Basque Nationalist Action), Alternatiba
    • Trade union: Euskal Langileen Alkartasuna, Langile Abertzaleen Batzordeak
    • Youth advocacy groups: EGI, Gazte Abertzaleak, Haika] (illegalised) Segi, Ikasle Abertzaleak

Catalonia Main article: Catalan nationalism, Catalan independence, Catalan independence referendum, 2017, Catalan declaration of independence

• People: Catalans
  • Proposal state: Estelada blava.svgFlag of Catalonia.svg Catalan Republic – Estelada roja.svg Catalan Countries (i.e. including other Catalan-speaking areas)
    • Political parties (pro-independence): Republican Left of Catalonia (33/135), Together for Catalonia, (32/135) supported by Left Movement, Popular Unity Candidacy (9/135) supported by Endavant and Poble Lliure
    • Political parties (autonomist): Catalunya en Comú (8/135)
    • Civil organisations: Assemblea Nacional Catalana, Òmnium Cultural, Association of Municipalities for Independence, Procés Constituent, Sobirania i Progrés, Committees for the Defense of the Republic, Negres Tempestes
    • Trade unions: Intersindical-CSC, Coordinadora Obrera Sindical, Intersindical Alternativa de Catalunya
    • Youth advocacy groups: Arran, La Forja, Jovent Republicà, Joves d'Esquerra Verda, Joventut Nacionalista de Catalunya, Joventut Comunista de Catalunya

Galicia Galicia Main article: Galicianism, Galician nationalism, Galician independence

• People: Galicians
  • Proposed state: Bandeira galega socialista.svgBandeira galega civil.svg Galiza (possibly containing Galicia irredenta territories in Asturias and Castille and León)
    • Political party: Galician Nationalist Bloc (sovereigntist, EFA member), Anova-Nationalist Brotherhood (independentist, includes the Galician Popular Front), Compromiso por Galicia (centrist federalist), Terra Galega (Centrist autonomist), Galician Coalition (Centrist nationalist Party), Abrente–Galician Democratic Left, Acción Galega, Renewal–Nationalist Brotherhood, Assembleia da Mocidade Independentista
    • Unions: Confederación Intersindical Galega (CIG) and Central Unitaria de Traballadores (CUT)
    • Youth advocacy groups: Galiza Nova, Xeira, BRIGA and Erguer-Estudantes da Galiza (students)
    • Militant organisation: Resistência Galega

Valencian Community Valencia Main article: Valencianism, Valencian nationalism, Catalan nationalism

• People: Valencians – Catalanics (those with Catalan ancestry)
  • Proposed state: Senyera del nacionalisme valencià.svg Valencian Country or unification with Catalan Countries
    • Political parties: Valencian Nationalist Bloc, Initiative of the Valencian People, Popular Unity Candidates, Republican Left of the Valencian Country, Valencian State, Valencian Nationalist Left, Valencian Left
    • political party (Pro Catalan): Popular Unity Candidacy
    • Advocacy groups: Pro-Catalan Valencianists (who defend Pan-Catalanism and Fuster's theories) propose the creation of a Valencian State and some type of reconnection with the rest of Catalan-speaking areas. Only a minor tendency within anti-Catalan Valencianism (Blaverism) proposed independence of the Kingdom of Valencia from both Catalonia and Spain.
    • Youth advocacy groups: Arran
    • Student movement: AGIR

Aragon

• ethnic group: Aragonese people
  • Proposed state: EstreladaAragonesa.svgAragon
    • political parties (regionalist and Nationalist): Chunta Aragonesista, Puyalón de Cuchas, Aragonese Party, Estado Aragonés
    • political parties (separatist): Puyalón de Cuchas, ,
    • coalition:
    • movement:

Balearic Islands

• ethnic group: Catalan people
  • proposed: Independence for the Balearic Islands or unification with the other Catalan countries
    • political parties: Balearic Anticolonialist Group,
    • political party (pro Catalan): Popular Unity Candidacy
    • political parties (regionalist): People's Party of the Balearic Islands

Andalusia Main article: Andalusian nationalism

• ethnic group: Andalusian people
  • proposed state: Andalusia
    • political parties (regionalist): Adelante Andalucía (2021)
    • political party (separatist): Andalusian Nation
    • political party (self governing): Unitarian Candidacy of Workers

Asturias

• ethnic group: Asturians
  • proposed state: Andecha Astur.svgAsturias
    • political party (autonomist): Asturias Forum
    • political party (nationalist): Asturian Left, Compromisu por Asturies, Conceyu Abiertu, Partíu Asturianista, Unidá, Bloc for Asturias, Conceyu Abiertu
    • political party (regionalist): Asturian Renewal Union
    • political party (separatist): Andecha Astur

;Autonomist movements

Cartagena

• Proposed: extended autonomy for Bandera Cartagena.svg Cartagena within Region of Murcia
  • Political party: Movimiento Ciudadano de Cartagena Bandera del País Leonés.svg León
• People: Leonese
  • Proposed autonomous area: Bandera del País Leonés.svg Leonese region
    • Political parties: Unión del Pueblo Leonés UPL
    • Youth movements: RUCHAR Mocedá Llionesa

Province of Granada

• proposed: Breaking the Province of Granada from Andalusia as a separate autonomous community
  • political party: Juntos por Granada

El Bierzo

• Proposed: making El Bierzo into its own province
  • Political party: Coalition for El Bierzo

Campo de Gibraltar

• Proposed: autonomy for Campo de Gibraltar

Ukraine

Main article: Russo-Ukrainian War, 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol Main article: Political status of Crimea

• People: Russians in Ukraine, Crimean Tatars, Crimean Karaites, Urums
  • Proposed: Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol independence or autonomy within unitary Ukraine, or unification with Russia (pro-Russian ethnic Russians)
    • Political organisations: Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People, Qurultay of the Crimean Tatar People, State Council of Crimea, Legislative Assembly of Sevastopol

Donetsk Oblast, Luhansk Oblast

• People: Russians in Ukraine
  • De facto entity: Donetsk People's Republic, Luhansk People's Republic (Annexed by Russia in 2022)
    • Political organisations: People's Council of the Donetsk People's Republic, People's Council of the Luhansk People's Republic
    • paramilitary organisation: Russian people's militias in Ukraine

• People: Russians in Ukraine
  • De facto states:
    • Proposed: unification with Russia
    • Political organisations: Volodymyr Saldo Bloc, Derzhava, Opposition Bloc (partially)
    • Military organisation: Russian Ground Forces Main article: Regionalism in Ukraine, Rusyns#Autonomist and separatist movement

• People: Russians in Ukraine, Hungarians in Ukraine, [[File:The flag of the Ruhenian Ethnic Minority Council.png|frameless|20x20px]] Rusyns
  • Proposed: autonomy or independence within unitary Ukraine or unification with Hungary
  • Political organisations: "Subcarpathian republican party", "Derzhava", "World Congress of Rusyns", "Opposition Bloc" (partially), "Russkiy dom", "Subcarpathian Ruthenia movement" "Russkiy Mir Foundation", "Association of Zakarpattia democrats", and other pro-Russian organizations. "Rusyn separatist movement" led by the Orthodox priest Dimitry Sydor (now Archbishop of Uzhorod, in the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate))

United Kingdom

Main article: Separatism in the United Kingdom, Federalism in the United Kingdom, Countries of the United Kingdom, Potential breakup of the United Kingdom

;Major movements England Main article: English independence

Northern Ireland

• People: Irish, Northern Irish (Nationalists)
  • Proposed state: Re-unification with Ireland or independence
    • Political parties: Sinn Féin, Fianna Fáil, Éirígí, Social Democratic and Labour Party, Aontú, People Before Profit, Communist Party of Ireland, Irish Republican Socialist Party, Republican Network for Unity, Socialist Workers Network, Workers' Party of Ireland
    • Militant organisations: RIRA, CIRA

Scotland

• People: Scots
  • Proposed state or autonomous region: Scotland
    • Political parties: Scottish National Party (EFA member), Scottish Greens, Scottish Socialist Party, Alba, Red Party of Scotland,Scotland's Independence Referendum Party, Independence for Scotland Party, Scottish Libertarian Party, parties: Scottish National Party (EFA member)
    • Advocacy groups: Scottish Independence Convention (Common Weal, People's Voice, Scottish CND, Voice for Scotland, Women for Independence), Labour for Independence, Siol nan Gaidheal

;Minor movements

Cornwall

• People: Cornish
  • Proposed state or autonomous region: Cornwall (including the Isles of Scilly)
    • Advocacy groups: Cornish Constitutional Convention, Cornwall 2000, Revived Cornish Stannary Parliament
    • Political parties: Mebyon Kernow, Cornish Nationalist Party, Green Party of England and Wales, Cornish Nationalist Party, Liberal Democrats Communist Party of Britain (Autonomy)

Northern England

• People: Northerners
  • Proposed state: Northumbria or greater autonomy within the United Kingdom.
    • Advocacy group: Campaign for the North (Devo-Max)
    • Political parties: Northern Independence Party

London Main article: London independence

• People: Londoners
  • Proposed state: London
    • Political party: [[File:Flag of Greater London.svg|frameless|25x25px]] [[File:Flag of the City of London.svg|frameless|24x24px]] Londonpendence Party

Fife

• Proposed state: Fife
  • Political Party: Fife National Party

Norfolk

• Proposed state: Norfolk
  • Political Party: Norfolk Independence Party

;Separatist movements of dependent territories

Gibraltar

• Ethnic group: Gibraltarians
  • Proposed state: Gibraltar
    • Political party: Liberal Party of Gibraltar, Gibraltar Socialist Labour Party

Isle of Man Main article: Manx nationalism

• Ethnic group: Manx people
  • Proposed state: Isle of Man
    • Political party: Mec Vannin

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