Lingen, Germany

History

Lingen was first mentioned in the Middle Ages (975 AD). From 804 to 1180 the region was part of the Duchy of Saxony inside the Carolingian Empire, and then remained part of the german-speaking Holy Roman Empire until 1806. A initially independent county of Lingen (Grafschaft Lingen) was erected in 1388 and remained until 1713, when Prussia took over. In detail though, the county and city in the 17th and 18th were repeatedly conquered by Dutch and Spanish troops: initially Catholic, from 1541 to 1547 the citizens were forced to become Lutheran, then the troops of Catholic Charles V conquered the county and city and in 1550 gave it to his sister Mary, Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands. From 1555 to 1597 Lingen was the easternmost point of the Spanish Empire of Philip II and became part of the Eighty Years' War. From 1597 to 1605 Lingen was conquered by the Calvinist and Dutch Union of Utrecht, then retaken by the Catholic Spanish troops and from 1632 to 1672 again was part of the Calvinist Union of Utrecht. For two years the Prince-Bishopric of Münster had the city, which then from 1674 to 1713 was part of the Calvinist Union of Utrecht again, when Frederick I of Prussia inherited the county. From 1807 to 1813 the troops of Napoleon Bonaparte occupied the region, and from 1810 to 1813 Lingen was part of France. In 1814 it again was part of Prussia, and in 1815 became part of the newly founded kingdom of Hanover. As result of the Austro-Prussian War in 1866 the kingdom of Hanover and also Lingen were annexed by the kingdom of Prussia, and in 1871 became part of the German Empire.

Economy and education

Lingen is known for its offshore- and nuclear industry (Emsland Nuclear Power Plant). The University of Applied Sciences Osnabrueck has set up a branch campus, located in the centre of Lingen, with the three Institutes for Management and Engineering, Communications Management and Teaching of Theatre. In 2000 the institutes in Lingen merged into the Faculty of Society and Technology.

Climate

Lingen has an oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfb; Trewartha: Dobk). On 25 July 2019, Lingen set the record for the hottest temperature ever recorded within Germany with a daytime high temperature of 42.6 degrees Celsius (109 degrees Fahrenheit) during a heat wave affecting much of Europe.

The Lingen weather station has recorded the following extreme values:

• Its highest temperature was 42.6 C on 25 July 2019.
• Its lowest temperature was -20.5 C on 16 February 1956.
• Its greatest annual precipitation was 1081.2 mm in 1993.
• Its least annual precipitation was 466.2 mm in 1959.
• The longest annual sunshine was 1917.1 hours in 1959.
• The shortest annual sunshine was 1206.3 hours in 1956.

|Jan record high C = 15.1 |Feb record high C = 20.4 |Mar record high C = 24.7 |Apr record high C = 30.3 |May record high C = 34.2 |Jun record high C = 36.7 |Jul record high C = 42.6 |Aug record high C = 37.8 |Sep record high C = 33.8 |Oct record high C = 28.3 |Nov record high C = 20.2 |Dec record high C = 16.4 |year record high C = 42.6 |Jan avg record high C = 11.8 |Feb avg record high C = 12.9 |Mar avg record high C = 18.1 |Apr avg record high C = 23.5 |May avg record high C = 27.5 |Jun avg record high C = 31.0 |Jul avg record high C = 32.2 |Aug avg record high C = 31.7 |Sep avg record high C = 26.5 |Oct avg record high C = 21.3 |Nov avg record high C = 15.6 |Dec avg record high C = 12.3 |year avg record high C = 34.2 |Jan avg record low C = -7.5 |Feb avg record low C = -6.4 |Mar avg record low C = -3.5 |Apr avg record low C = -1.5 |May avg record low C = 2.1 |Jun avg record low C = 6.1 |Jul avg record low C = 8.9 |Aug avg record low C = 8.7 |Sep avg record low C = 5.0 |Oct avg record low C = 0.6 |Nov avg record low C = -2.3 |Dec avg record low C = -6.3 |year avg record low C = -10.0 |Jan record low C = -19.8 |Feb record low C = -20.5 |Mar record low C = -13.1 |Apr record low C = -5.9 |May record low C = -2.2 |Jun record low C = 0.8 |Jul record low C = 5.4 |Aug record low C = 4.5 |Sep record low C = 1.3 |Oct record low C = -5.6 |Nov record low C = -9.8 |Dec record low C = -16.0 |year record low C = -20.5 |Jan snow depth cm = 3.5 |Feb snow depth cm = 3.0 |Mar snow depth cm = 1.3 |Apr snow depth cm = 0.1 |May snow depth cm = 0 |Jun snow depth cm = 0 |Jul snow depth cm = 0 |Aug snow depth cm = 0 |Sep snow depth cm = 0 |Oct snow depth cm = 0 |Nov snow depth cm = 0.8 |Dec snow depth cm = 3.4 |year snow depth cm = 7.0 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231012162257/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Germany/CSV/Lingen_10305.csv |archive-date = 12 October 2023 |access-date = 12 October 2023}} |access-date = 13 October 2024}}

Twin towns – sister cities

Lingen is twinned with:

• POL Bielawa, Poland
• ENG Burton upon Trent / East Staffordshire, England, United Kingdom
• FRA Elbeuf, France
• GER Marienberg, Germany
• ESP Salt, Spain
• UKR Lanivtsi, Ukraine

Transport

• Lingen (Ems) station

Notable people

• Eberhard von Danckelmann (1643–1722), Prime Minister of Brandenburg-Prussia from 1692 to 1697
• Theodorus Jacobus Frelinghuysen (c.1691–c.1747), German-American Dutch-Reformed minister and theologian.
• Konrad Beckhaus (1821–1890), Protestant clergyman and botanist
• Hermann Wilhelm Berning (1877–1955), Bishop of Osnabrück 1914–1955
• Herms Niel (1888–1954), composer of military songs and marches, lived and died there
• Harry Kramer (1925–1997), sculptor, choreographer, dancer and professor of art
• Leonid Stukanov (1947–1998), Russian artist and teacher
• Beatrix Borchard (born 1950), musicologist and author
• Wilfried Telkämper (born 1953), MEP, Vice President of the European Parliament 1989–1992
• Reinhold Hilbers (born 1964), politician
• Jens Gieseke (born 1971), politician (CDU), Member of the European Parliament
• Christian Drosten (born 1972), virologist
• Christian Fühner (born 1987), politician (CDU)

Sport

• Joseph Rosemeyer (1872–1919), track cyclist, competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics
• Bernd Rosemeyer (1909–1938), racing car driver
• Peter van Roye (born 1950), rower, team bronze medallist at the 1976 Summer Olympics
• Ingo Schultz (born 1975), 400 metres runner
• Natalie Simanowski (born 1978)
• Michael Rensing (born 1984), footballer, played 355 games

References

References

1. (April 2021). "Verzeichnis der direkt gewählten Bürgermeister/-innen und Landräte/Landrätinnen". [[Landesamt für Statistik Niedersachsen]].
2. "Archived copy".
3. "Die Partnerstädte der Stadt Lingen (Ems)". Lingen (Ems).
4. {{Cite Appletons'. Ricord. Frederick William