LGBTQ slang

History and context

Because of sodomy laws and threat of prosecution due to the criminalization of homosexuality, LGBTQ slang has served as an argot or cant, a secret language and a way for the LGBTQ community to communicate with each other publicly without revealing their sexual orientation to others. Since the advent of queer studies in universities, LGBTQ slang and argot has become a subject of academic research among linguistic anthropology scholars.

During the first seven decades of the 20th century, a specific form of Polari was developed by gay men and lesbians in urban centres of the United Kingdom within established LGBTQ communities. Polari was featured on the BBC radio programme Round the Horne in 1964, exposing the wider public to the secret language. Although there are differences, contemporary British gay slang has adopted many Polari words. The 1964 legislative report Homosexuality and Citizenship in Florida contains an extensive appendix documenting and defining the homosexual slang in the United States at that time. SCRUFF launched a gay-slang dictionary app in 2014, which includes commonly used slang in the United States from the gay community. Specialized dictionaries that record LGBTQ slang have been found to revolve heavily around sexual matters.

Slang is ephemeral; terms used in one generation may pass out of usage in another. For example, in the 1960s and 1970s, the terms "cottage" (chiefly British) and "tearoom" (chiefly American) were used to denote public toilets used for sex. By 1999, this terminology had fallen out of use to the point of being greatly unrecognizable by members of the LGBTQ community at large.

Many terms that originated as gay slang have become part of the popular lexicon. The word drag was first used by William Dorsey Swann, a freed African American slave. Swann referred to himself as the "queen of drag" in the 1880s and 1890s. Drag was later popularized by Hubert Selby Jr. in his book Last Exit to Brooklyn. Drag has been traced back by the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) to the late 19th century. Conversely, words such as "banjee", while well-established in a subset of gay society, have never made the transition to popular use. Conversations between gay men have been found to use more slang and fewer commonly known terms about sexual behavior than conversations between straight men.

In the Philippines, many LGBTQ people speak with Swardspeak, or "gay lingo", which is a more extensive use of slang as a form of dialect or way of speaking. Other argots are spoken in southern Africa (Gayle language and IsiNgqumo) and Indonesia (Bahasa Binan). More specifically, in a country like Thailand, LGBTQ slang was always present in their history due to their religious, behavioral, and social nature. However, before the term LGBTQ was introduced, the Thai community would use the terms Kathoey and Tom. The term Kathoey was used to describe transgender women who dress, act, or partake in surgery to become female, and the term Tom as well as "handsome girls" in Thai was used to describe women who liked women. Homosexuality and transgenderism has always existed throughout their history, as their behavioral nature did not align with heterosexual ideals.

General slang terms

• 100-footer – an obviously gay or lesbian person (as if visible from 100 feet away) (US)
• Achillean or (man-loving-man) – an umbrella term for attractions and relationships between men, regardless of their sexual or romantic orientation, sometimes including non-binary androphiles. Sometimes known as Vincian, referencing the sexuality of Leonardo da Vinci, or Uranian
• baths – bathhouses frequented by gay men for sexual encounters (US)
• beach bitch – a gay man who frequents beaches and resorts for sexual encounters (US)
• beard – a person used as a date, romantic partner, or spouse to conceal one's sexual orientation
• beat – an area frequented by gay men, where sexual acts occur (Australia)
• bent – gay, as opposed to straight (UK)
• bender – someone who has homosexual intercourse (UK)
• binding – a technique in which individuals wear tight clothing, bandages, or compression garments, known as binders, to hide and flatten their breasts
• bottom – a receptive partner in intercourse; also used as a verb for the state of receiving sexual stimulation
  • – someone who dominantly or energetically plays the receptive role in intercourse
• – portmanteau of "boy pussy"; a male anus, in the context of anal sex. Also used to refer to a trans man's vulva
• – in ball culture, a gay male who presents as a gay male; that is, neither as a trans individual nor a heteronormative male. This mostly refers to someone who looks the part of what most would identify as "gay"
• butchy femme – a gender expression between femme and futch
• camp, campy – exaggerated and amusing, in a way that is typically associated with gay men or femininity
• clone – a San Francisco or New York Greenwich Village denizen with exaggerated macho behavior and appearance (US)
• closeted – keeping one's sexuality or gender identity a secret from others
• cocksucker – a person who practices fellatio, usually a gay male
• come out (of the closet) – to admit or publicly acknowledge oneself as non-heterosexual/non-cisgender
• cottaging – having or seeking anonymous gay sex in a public toilet, or "cottage" (UK)
• cruising – seeking a casual gay sex encounter (historically from ancient Rome)
• down-low – homosexual or bisexual activity, kept secret, by men who have sex with men (US)
• en femme, en homme – the act of wearing clothes stereotypically of the opposite sex
• femboy – a feminine or androgynous male
• femme – a feminine homosexual
• – a shorter alternative to folks
• – a gender expression between femme and butch, or a feminine butch
• Game of Flats – an 18th-century English term for sex between women
• gaydar – the supposed ability to detect someone's sexual orientation (from gay + radar). Corresponding terms include , , , and .
• gaymer – an LGBTQ person who plays video games (from gay + gamer)
• gaysian – a gay Asian person
• – a woman attracted to gay/bisexual men, also may refer to some gay men or non-binary people
• gold star – a homosexual who has never had heterosexual sexual intercourse
• gouinage (Brazil) – non-penetrative sex. Named after gouine, similar to side
• g0y – a man attracted to men who does not identify as gay or bisexual and is not willing to do anal intercourse
• guydyke or lesboy – a man/boy attracted to lesbian/bisexual women, also may be used to refer to a non-binary person
• heteroflexible – to be mostly heterosexual
• homoflexible – to be mostly gay
• molly – In 18th century England, the term "molly" was used for male homosexuals, implying effeminacy. See Molly house
• – being "neither/nor" when it comes to normative taboos and self-centered communities
• platinum star – (see 'gold star' above) a gay man who was born by a C-section procedure and who has never had sex with a woman. Originating from a joke in Will and Grace but now some take it too seriously
• poz – HIV-positive person (US)
• queer – originally a slur against homosexuals, transgender people, and anyone who does not fit society's standards of gender and sexuality; later reclaimed and used as umbrella term for sexual and gender minorities
• sapphic or (woman-loving-woman) – used to encompass attractions and relationships between women, regardless of their sexual or romantic orientation, sometimes including non-binary gynephiles
• scissoring – used to refer to lesbian intercourse, though is often derogatory
• sideside – a homosexual male who does not enjoy anal penetration (giving or receiving), but will engage in other forms of same-sex activity (fellatio, frottage, handjobs, etc.)
• swish – effeminate or effeminacy (US)
• switch – a person who enjoys both topping and bottoming, or being dominant and submissive, and may alternate between the two in sexual situations, adapting to their partner. Synonymous with vers
• – especially in ball culture to dress or be fashionable and flawless
• tomgirl – the equivalent of a tomboy, but for boys with feminine traits
• top – the dominant or inserting sexual partner, usually in a homosexual relation or activity
  • – a submissive top, someone who applies sensation or control to a bottom, but does so at the bottom's explicit instructions
• tongzhi (同志, "comrade", lit. "same will, same purpose") – a term used to describe members of LGBTQ communities in some Chinese languages
• trade – a straight-passing male partner, commonly used by gay men or trans women (derived from Polari) (US)
  • also used as slang to indicate the action of “trading” pictures of penises, commonly used on social media.
• vers – a person who enjoys both topping and bottoming, or being dominant and submissive, and may alternate between the two in sexual situations, adapting to their partner

Terms describing gay men

• artiste – a gay man who excels at fellatio
• auntie – an older, often effeminate and gossipy gay man
• bathsheba – a gay man who frequents gay bathhouses
• bull queer — a gay man who exclusively tops in intercourse
• chicken – a youthful gay man
• chubby chaser – a man who seeks overweight males
• daddy – a typically older gay man
• flit
• flower – a typically effeminate gay man
• friend of Dorothy – a gay person. Historically used as a shibboleth to identify other LGBTQ people. Likely a reference to Judy Garland, who portrayed Dorothy in The Wizard of Oz (1939) and had a large gay fan-base
• light in the loafers / light in the pants / light in the fedora
• punk – a smaller, younger gay man who, in prison settings, is forced into a submissive role and used for the older inmate's sexual pleasure
• queen – a flamboyant or effeminate gay man. Alternatively, short for drag queen
  • bean queen (also taco queen or Salsa queen), gay man attracted to Hispanic men
  • brownie queen – obsolete slang for gay man interested in anal sex (used by men who disliked anal sex)
  • chicken queen – an older gay man interested in younger or younger appearing men
  • grey queen – a gay person who works in financial services; grey flannel suits
  • potato queen – a gay Asian man attracted mainly to white men
  • rice queen – a gay man attracted mainly to East Asian men
• twink − a youthful, flamboyant gay man with a slim physique

Slurs against gay men

• anal assassin (UK) or "anal astronaut"
• arse bandit or ass bandit
• backgammon player (late 18th century Britain)
• batty boy – a slur for gay or effeminate man (Jamaica and United Kingdom)
• bent, bentshot or bender
• bixa/ (Brazil)
• brownie king / brown piper
• bufter, bufty (mainly Scottish) or booty buffer
• bum boy / bum chum, also bum robber
• butt pirate, butt boy, butt rider, butt pilot, or butt rustler
• chi chi man (Jamaica and the Caribbean)
• cockstruction worker – a gay, bi or queer man who works in construction industry
• faggot / fag – slur against gay men. First recorded in a Portland, Oregon publication in 1914
• fairy – a slur, common in the 1920s and 1930s, reclaimed by gay men in the 1960s
• finocchio (from Italy, meaning fennel)
• flamer
• fruit (also fruit loop, fruit packer, butt fruit) – a slur against gay men; originally a stereotype of gay men as "softer" and "smelling good"
• fudge packer
• homo – shortening of homosexual, it is sometimes derogatory, though also used in a reclaimed sense by some LGBTQ people
• homo thug
• maricón or (in Spanish)
• nancy boy
• nelly / nellie – an effeminate gay man
• pansy
• poof/poofta/ (Commonwealth)
• sod (from sodomy)
• uphill gardener
• or veado – a gay male or an effeminate man (lit., a corrupted form of "deer", derived from desviado, meaning deviant) (Brazil)

Terms describing lesbians

• baby butch – a young, boyish lesbian
• baby dyke – a young or recently out lesbian
• bambi lesbian – a lesbian who prefers cuddles, hugs, kisses, and other affectionate and sensual non-sexual acts over sexual acts
• bean flicker – likening the clitoris to a bean
• bluff – butch fluff
• boi – a boyish lesbian (UK)
• – a lesbian with male presentation
• bull dyke – a masculine lesbian, as opposed to a baby butch or dinky dyke (UK (somewhat archaic), US)
• butch – a masculine lesbian
  • long-haired butch (LHB) – a butch with long hair
• carpet muncher (or "rug muncher")
• dyke ("bull dyke", "bull dagger", alternatively "bulldagger", "bulldicker"), from 1920s black American slang. A slur reclaimed by women who are attracted to women in the 1950s
  • diesel dyke
  • drag dyke
• dykon – portmanteau of dyke + icon. A celebrity woman who is seen as an icon by lesbians; may or may not be a lesbian herself
• fluff – femme
• gouine (in French)
• / has-bian – a woman who previously identified as lesbian but now identifies as heterosexual or bisexual
• kiki – a term used primarily from the 1940s until the 1960s to indicate a lesbian who was not butch or femme and did not have a preference for either butch or femme partners
• kitty puncher / pussy puncher – with both "kitty" and "pussy" referring to a woman's vulva/vagina, and "puncher" as a variation on various derogatory terms for gay men, such as "donut puncher"
• four year lesbian – see lesbian until graduation
• lesbian until graduation (LUG) – a young woman who is assumed to be temporarily experimenting with same-sex behavior, but will ultimately adopt a heterosexual identity
• lipstick lesbian – a lesbian/bisexual woman who displays historically feminine attributes such as wearing make-up, dresses, and high heels
• muff-diver – a lesbian
• pillow princess – a lesbian who likes to receive sexual stimulation, rather than giving it (to bottom)
• (Brazil) or (Portugal)
• soft butch – an androgynous lesbian, in between femme and butch
• stem, stemme – someone whose gender expression falls somewhere between a stud and a femme
• stone butch – a very masculine lesbian, or a butch lesbian who does not receive touch during intercourse, only giving (US)
• stud – a Black butch

Terms describing bisexual or pansexual people

• AC/DC – reference to "swinging both ways" (US)
• – euphemism for bisexual, derived from ambidextrous
• bicon – portmanteau of bisexual + icon. Used to refer to a bisexual celebrity
• byke – a bisexual dyke
• equal-opportunity lover – informal term for bisexual
• Gillette Blade – a 1950s era term for bisexual women, whose sexuality "cuts both ways"
• Horatian – in Lord Byron's circle at Cambridge, a code word for "bisexual", more specifically bisexual men
• unicorn – a bisexual, usually a woman, who desires multiple partners and is willing to join an existing couple and sexually satisfy both members of the couple. So-named because bisexuals willing to enter such an arrangement are considered rare or non-existent, while couples seeking such a partner ("unicorn hunters") are common

Terms describing androgynous or intersex people

• – Japanese word for hermaphroditism, which is also used in a broader sense for androgyny. The term is also heavily associated with a genre of hentai defined by sexualization of characters simultaneously possessing breasts, a penis and a vulva, and has gained a negative connotation for the sexual connotations
• hermie – an androgynous or intersex person, though the term is often considered a slur
• – a term describing people who alter their sex, such as through hormone replacement therapy or gender-affirming surgery, who were not born intersex. This term is especially used in the case of people who do not describe their sex as male or female due to their medical transition, without appropriating intersex terminology. Considered derogatory if used to deny the validity of someone's medical transition to male or female
• Salmacian – named after Salmacis, standing for someone who acquires, or wishes to acquire, mixed genitalia

Terms describing transgender and non-binary people

• baby trans – a trans person who recently came out of the closet. The term is a noun
• – a transgender woman or girl who socially presents in a masculine gender role, typically in places where transgender individuals are discriminated against, or due to not being out as transgender. The equivalent for a transgender man is "girlmoder"
• Copenhagen capon – a transsexual; someone who has undergone sex reassignment surgery. The term alludes to Christine Jorgensen, a trans woman who underwent sex reassignment surgery in Copenhagen in the 1950s. A capon is a neutered rooster
• diamoricdiamoric – a term for attractions and relationships involving at least one non-binary individual
• – a transgender person who has not yet realized they are trans; used by transgender people when aspects of one's personality or behavior remind them of gender-related aspects of themselves before they realized they were trans. As such, the realization that one is trans is referred to as one's "egg cracking". This may also be used to refer to someone who is questioning their gender but later expresses themself to be cisgender. Although, this seems to be of less common use. Most "egg" related statements either refer to someone's past self, before they would describe themself as transgender. Or, someone believed to be trans, but not open, regardless of whether they say they are at the time. However, this is a risky social move, as, that someone could later still describe themself as cis, be in the closet, or have a non-binary identity that is neither considered necessarily cis nor trans to them. Or the label of "trans" is not to their liking or has too many connotations attached to it they dislike
• enbian or NBLNB (also NLN) – a term for attraction and relationship between non-binary people
• – a non-binary person. Derived from the abbreviation NB.
• girlmoder – a transgender man who socially presents in a feminine gender role, typically in places where transgender individuals are discriminated against, or due to not being out as transgender. The equivalent for a transgender woman is "boymoder"
• lady boy – English translation of kathoey, similar or equivalent to transgender woman, but may refer to feminine gay men or intersex people
• M2B – male to butch, alluding male-to-female (MtF, also called M2F)
• repressor – a person who is fighting the wish to change their gender expression
• sapatrans or sapatrava (portmanteau of sapatão + trans) – a term used in Brazil for trans lesbians and lesbian travestis
• – a trans woman (short for "trans girl"). It is often derogatory, due to its association with transgender pornography
• / – a trans man (short for "trans boy" and "trans guy")
• tranarchist – a transgender anarchist
• transbian (portmanteau of trans + lesbian) – a transgender lesbian. See also .
• transfag – a transgender gay man
• – trans dyke

Slurs against transgender and non-binary people

• shemale or she-male – a trans woman with male genitalia and possibly female secondary sex characteristics. Primarily a term used in pornography and often derogatory
• hon – a non-passing transgender woman. This term is primarily used by trans women in online communities (mostly 4chan). It is derogatory
• tranny – slur for transgender people
• trap — slur for someone whose perceived gender is opposite their anatomical sex, particularly a trans woman or feminine boy. Implies that others who are attracted to them (typically heterosexual men) are maliciously deceived (i.e. "trapped") regarding their "real" gender. It is considered derogatory and dehumanizing
• — portmanteau of "trans" and "goon". Originally a term for members of the Something Awful forum ("goons") who are transgender. Used as a slur for trans women, connoting violent or sinister ulterior motives for transitioning
• or / – a female-to-male (FtM) and male-to-female (MtF) transgender/transsexual person, respectively, who has not had genital surgery. It is often used in a derogatory or pornographic context
• pooner – a derogatory term originating from 4chan describing trans men who do not pass well as male

Terms related to transgender and non-binary people

• clock – to recognize someone as being transgender
• deadname – as a noun, a transgender person's birth name. As a verb, to refer to someone by their deadname. The etymologically identical term necronym is also sometimes used with the same meaning
• – a transfeminine person's penis, especially one changed by hormone use. Also known as gick, girlcock, or gock
• malefail – to be gendered as feminine when trying to present in a masculine gender role
• packing – the act of wearing padding or a phallic object to present the appearance of a penis
• tuck - any attempt to hide the appearance of a penis bulge
• passing – to be perceived as a gender one is attempting to pass as, usually in relation to trans people
• skoliosexual – to describe attraction to non-binary people
• stealth – passing to the extent that most people cannot tell that you are trans
• TERF – acronym for "trans-exclusionary radical feminist"; a feminist whose advocacy excludes or opposes the rights of trans people. It also, more infrequently, used to refer to someone hostile to transgender people
• or TMA/TMC – transmisogyny-exempt or transmisogyny-affected/confined, ascribing those who are, or are not, a target of transmisogyny, the intersection of transphobia and misogyny
• transgenderism – a term used by anti-trans extremists seeking to dehumanize transgender people by saying that being transgender is an ideology rather than an identity. In the past (the mid to late 20th century), the term was used non-derogatorily to refer to being transgender, though this meaning has become obsolete

Terms describing cisgender or heterosexual people

• breeder – a heterosexual person, especially one with children
• cisbian (portmanteau of cis + lesbian) – a cisgender lesbian
• cishet – someone who is cisgender and heterosexual and/or heteroromantic
• cisqueer – someone who is cisgender and queer, such as cis lesbians, cis gay men, and cis bisexuals
• chaser – someone attracted to transgender people who value them for their trans status alone, rather than being attracted to them as a person
• fag hag – a heterosexual woman who specifically associates with gay men
• fag stag – heterosexual man who enjoys company of gay men

Terms describing asexual or aromantic people

• ace – short for asexual
• – asexual + sexy
• aro – short for aromantic
• , aro-ace, aro/ace – both aromantic and asexual
• ace of spades – an aromantic asexual
• ace of hearts – a romantic asexual
• SAM – split attraction model – a model that sexual and romantic orientation can be split, often used within the aromantic and asexual community
• – a non-romantic or platonic version of crush
• queerplatonic relationship – committed intimate relationships which are not romantic nor (necessarily) sexual in nature
• zucchini – queerplatonic partner

LGBTQ subgroups

The following slang terms have been used to represent various types of people within the LGBTQ community:

• bear – a larger and often hairier man. The bear subgroup is among the oldest and largest of the LGBTQ community. Pride.com states "Bears are on the heavier side, either muscular, beefy, or chunky. They wouldn't dream of shaving their body hair (which comes in abundance) and they usually have a full beard to match." Attitude magazine describes bears as "typically older" with a big build, a belly, and lots of hair. There are many bear 'subtypes', including the black bear (Black or African American men), the brown bear (Hispanic men), the grizzly bear ("dominant bears of extreme stature or hairiness"), the koala bear (Australian men), the panda bear (men of Asian descent), and the polar bear, which represents an older bear with white hair
  • cub – a younger bear. Pride.com describes cubs as "baby bears" or "large, hairy guys in their teens and 20s who are on their way to becoming a bear"
  • bear chaser – a man who pursues bears
  • otter – a man who is slender and hairy
  • wolf – Pride.com says, "Similar to an otter, a wolf has some hair and is in between a twink and a bear. However, there are some key differences between wolves and otters. Wolves typically have a lean, muscular build and are sexually aggressive." Attitude says wolves are "typically older and masculine" with a "muscular/athletic build"
• bull – Here Media says a bull is a "hunky, muscular" bodybuilder who weighs 200 pounds or more. The website says, "These men are big, strong and have muscles you didn't even know existed." Attitude says bulls have a "super-muscular build" with any hair style, and can be any age
• chicken – a young twink. Attitude says chickens are "hairless and young" with a slim or skinny build
• chickenhawk – a typically older man who seeks younger men. From chickenhawk, a designation for several birds which are thought to hunt chickens
• pig – someone who is "more focused on sex than anything else, often into kinkier and somewhat seedier sexual practices", according to Pride.com
• silver fox – an older man with gray hair
• twink – a young or young-looking gay man, with little body hair and a slender build
• twunk – a twink with well-developed physique (from twink + hunk)

References

Citations

Works cited

References

1. (2002). "Polari – The Lost Language of Gay Men". Routledge.
2. (1996). "Formation Processes of Some Japanese Gay Argot Terms". [[Duke University Press]].
3. (14 July 2003). "Lavender linguistics". The Guardian.
4. (2021-03-12). "Queer People Have Always Existed—Teach Like It".
5. (December 2016). "Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Youth and Family Acceptance". Pediatric Clinics of North America.
6. (21 August 2019). "A Former Slur Is Reclaimed, And Listeners Have Mixed Feelings".
7. (2003). "Gayle: The Language of Kinks and Queens: a History and Dictionary of Gay Language in South Africa". Jacana Media.
8. (2007). "Subtitling Slang and Dialect". EU High Level Scientific Conference.
9. (1997). "Review: Recognizing Gay and Lesbian Speech". [[Wiley (publisher).
10. (7 March 1965). "Round the Horne". History of the BBC.
11. Blake, Barry J.. (2010). "Secret language". Oxford University Press.
12. (1996). "How Bona to Vada Your Eek!". [[World Wide Words]].
13. (27 July 1964). "Reports of Investigators on Meetings of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and the Ku Klux Klan". State Archives and Library of Florida.
14. Howard, John. (1997). "Carryin' on in the Lesbian and Gay South". NYU Press.
15. (12 March 2014). "SCRUFF, Gay App, Launches 'Gay Slang Dictionary'". [[Huffington Post]].
16. (1996). "Lesbian and Gay Male Language Use: A Critical Review of the Literature". [[American Speech]].
17. (1999). "Public Sex/gay Space". Columbia University Press.
18. Shane, Cari. "The First Self-Proclaimed Drag Queen Was a Formerly Enslaved Man." Smithsonian Magazine. Accessed September 23, 2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-first-self-proclaimed-drag-queen-was-a-formerly-enslaved-man-180982311/.
19. Lumby, Malcolm E.. (1976). "Code Switching and Sexual Orientation: A Test of Bernstein's Sociolinguistic Theory". Journal of Homosexuality.
20. Vatjinda, Sutatta. (January 2022). "A Study of Translation Strategies Used in the Diary Of Tootsie's LGBTQ Slang". Language in India.
21. "17 Lesbian Slang Terms Every Baby Gay Needs To Learn".
22. "Elástica explica: termos juvélicos".
23. Theil, Michele. (2024-10-23). "The fascinating meaning behind the MLM term 'Achillean'".
24. (2023-07-21). "An Artificial Therapist (Manage Your Life Online) to Support the Mental Health of Youth: Co-Design and Case Series". JMIR Human Factors.
25. Familia, Nitzan. (2023). "A Critique of Michèle Montrelay's Theorizations of Masculine and Feminine Sexuality: On Psychoanalysis, Queer Theory, and the "Queer" Signifier". [[European Journal of Psychoanalysis]].
26. "Vincian {{!}} definition by Lexicon Library.LGBT".
27. (2023-07-21). "An Artificial Therapist (Manage Your Life Online) to Support the Mental Health of Youth: Co-Design and Case Series". JMIR Human Factors.
28. "Of uranians, homosexuals, queers, and straight -acting men: Examining concepts of homoerotic expression among self-identified gay men using a grounded theory approach - ProQuest".
29. (1988). "Gay(s) Language: A Dic(k)tionary of Gay Slang". Banned Books.
30. Moore, Clive. (1995). "Poofs in the Park: Documenting Gay 'Beats' in Queensland, Australia". GLQ.
31. Wilder, Elio. (21 June 2021). "Lesbian Slang: A Not So Comprehensive Guide".
32. Zane, Zachary. (2021-07-15). "Are You a Power Bottom? Here's How to Tell.".
33. Zane, Zachary. (2021-05-24). "How Gay Men Actually Feel About the Word 'Bussy'".
34. Kuga, Mitchell. (2020). "Let Me Analyze That Bussy".
35. "The Ballroom Glossary: A list of terms you should know.".
36. Mathers, Charlie. (2018-05-07). "Here are 15 futch scale memes only queer women will understand".
37. (17 January 2023). "What Does Camp Mean In Slang & How To Use It.".
38. (2002). "Fantabulosa: The Dictionary of Polari and Gay Slang". Bloomsbury Academic.
39. (2016-03-22). "Encyclopedia of homosexuality. Volume II".
40. (25 April 2006). "Coming Up from the Down Low: The Journey to Acceptance, Healing and Honest Love". [[Three Rivers Press]].
41. (1 May 2005). "Secret Gay Encounters of Black Men Could Be Raising Women's Infection Rate". [[San Francisco Chronicle]].
42. (28 September 2006). "Progressive Black Masculinities". [[Routledge]].
43. (19 May 2008). "Outing Hip-Hop". [[Newsweek]].
44. (2004). "My Husband Betty: Love, Sex and Life with a Cross-Dresser". Sdal Press.
45. (26 January 2021). "femboy".
46. "Femboy definition and meaning".
47. (2020-08-31). "What You Need To Know About the Letter 'X' in Words Like Folx, Womxn, and Latinx".
48. Norton, Rictor. (30 March 2003). ""The Game of Flats, 1749" Homosexuality in Eighteenth Century England: A Sourcebook". Sterling Publishing.
49. "The Gaysian".
50. Hardy, Janet W.. (2012). "Girlfag: a life told in sex and musicals". SCB Distributors.
51. (2019-05-25). "Who are girlfags & guydykes? • Girlfags & Guydykes". Girlfags & Guydykes • Schwule Frauen, lesbische Männer & genderqueere Einhörner.
52. (2020-12-01). "Girlfags and guydykes: 'Too queer for straights and too straight for queers'". Journal of Positive Sexuality.
53. (2023-11-11). "O que é gouinage? Conheça prática do sexo sem penetração: 'Corpo todo é uma zona erógena'".
54. "Gouinage: entenda a prática que proporciona prazer sem penetração".
55. "Nem ativos nem passivos, 'gouines' são gays que não curtem penetração".
56. (2022-01-11). "Comportamento sexual e saúde sexual de homens que fazem sexo com homens: impactos da COVID-19".
57. (November–December 2023). "Sexual Practices and Predisposition to PrEP Use Among Men Ages 50 Years and Older Who Have Sex With Men: A Cross-Sectional Study". The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care.
58. (May 2017). "Gênero e identidade masculina no novo milênio: A homoafetividade e a visão social baseada na filosofia comportamental gØy (g-zero-y)". Psicología, Conocimiento y Sociedad.
59. (2015-01-12). "Conheça os 'g0ys', homens que se relacionam entre si, mas dizem não ser gays".
60. SlangDefine.org. "Slang Define: What is Lesboy? - meaning and definition".
61. (2015-04-16). "The Wonderful and Confusing World of Girlfags and Guydykes".
62. (January 2008). "'Mostly straight' young women: variations in sexual behavior and identity development". Developmental Psychology.
63. (19 June 2019). "Kate Bornstein: My Gender? Oh, It's Nothing". The New York Times.
64. Kirkland, Justin. (12 October 2017). "''Will & Grace'' recap: 'Emergency Contact'".
65. (10 December 2018). "Stop trying to divide the LGBTQ community even more than it already is".
66. "Scruff, Gay Slang Dictionary".
67. (2022-04-27). "What Does It Mean to Be Sapphic?".
68. "Sapphic - What is it? What does it mean?".
69. Farber, Jim. (June 20, 2022). "Rise of the sides: how Grindr finally recognized gay men who aren't tops or bottoms". The Guardian.
70. "swish definition, meaning". Cambridge Dictionaries Online.
71. "swish - Gay Slang Dictionary".
72. (18 October 2018). "How Did Slay Come To Describe Excellence?".
73. (2022-06-26). "The origins of "slay"".
74. Khemani, Nikhil. ""Slay!"".
75. (2018-05-29). "Tongzhi: "Queer" Identity Politics in Hong Kong Before and After the Handover".
76. "flower - Gay Slang Dictionary".
77. (2003). "Speaking in Queer Tongues: Globalization and Gay Language". University of Illinois Press.
78. Haggerty, George E. (2000). "Gay Histories and Cultures". Garland.
79. "''Dictionary of Sexual Terms''". Sex-lexis.com.
80. "Interview". Gay Today.
81. (September 8, 1975). "Crossing Signals".
82. Rodgers, Bruce ''Gay Talk (The Queen's Vernacular): A Dictionary of Gay Slang'' New York: 1972 [[Parragon Books]], an imprint of G.P. Putnam's Sons Page 99
83. (16 February 1999). "China Doll-The Experience of Being a Gay Chinese Australian". Journal of Homosexuality.
84. "UKIP candidate ranted about 'arse bandit' pride on Facebook".
85. "ass bandit".
86. (May 22, 2015). "The Lonely Fight Against Belize's Antigay Laws". The New York Times.
87. (April 9, 2014). "Transgender woman is stoned and beaten by an angry mob". News 5.
88. {{harvnb. Dalzell. 2008
89. "Tem sapata, viado e bixa: Narrativas feministas decoloniais no recreio escolar".
90. (April 2004). "Casting the first stone!: Policing of Homo/Sexuality in Jamaican Popular Culture". Interventions.
91. Allan, Keith. (2006). "Forbidden Words: Taboo and the Censoring of Language". [[Cambridge University Press]].
92. Davis, Chloe O.. (2021-02-02). "The Queens' English: The LGBTQIA+ Dictionary of Lingo and Colloquial Phrases". Clarkson Potter/Ten Speed.
93. "Faggot". [[Reference.com]].
94. (2000). "The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition". Houghton Mifflin.
95. ""Fag" definition, meaning.". Cambridge Dictionaries Online.
96. (2008). "A Cultural Affair". iUniverse.
97. "Definition of flamer". The Online Slang Dictionary.
98. (2013). "The New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English". [[Routledge]].
99. (1993). "Gays and the Military".
100. (2008-05-15). "Initiating a Culturally-Responsive Discourse of Same-Sex Attraction Among African American Males.".
101. Collins Dictionary. (30 April 2023). "nancy".
102. Dahir, Mubarak. (March 23, 2006). "No one likes a nelly homo".
103. "Definition of NELLY".
104. Kemp, A.C.. (2002–2005). "Bad Baby Names". Slang City.
105. "Online Etymology Dictionary".
106. "Uphill gardener, n. — Green's Dictionary of Slang".
107. Sanderson, Tom. (2020-03-10). "How a football shirt number is being used to oppose homophobia in Brazil".
108. Cooper, Sara E.. (2013-09-13). "Lesbian Images in International Popular Culture". Routledge.
109. {{harvnb. Green. 2005
110. Duberman, Martin. (2019-06-04). "Stonewall: The Definitive Story of the LGBT Rights Uprising that Changed America". Penguin.
111. "Definition of 'boi'". [[Collins English Dictionary]].
112. Mimi, Marinucci. (2016). "Feminism is queer". [[Zed Books]] Ltd.
113. (2010). "The Health of Sexual Minorities: Public Health Perspectives on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Populations". Springer US.
114. "Butch-Femme".
115. Davis, Jenny Fran. (2023-05-16). "Dykette". Henry Holt and Company.
116. (2017). "Cat Call: How Lesbians Queer Society Through Interactions with Cats".
117. Alexander, Kate. (2023-05-01). "On Nodding Terms With Nausea". The Oval.
118. (2023-09-05). "Out North: An Archive of Queer Activism and Kinship in Canada". Figure 1 Publishing.
119. {{harvnb. Dalzell. 2008
120. "Definition of carpet muncher". The Online Slang Dictionary.
121. Krantz, Susan E.. (1995). "Reconsidering the Etymology of Bulldike". American Speech.
122. (2006). "Prisons and Prisoners". GLBTQ Encyclopedia.
123. {{harvnb. Dynes. Johansson. Percy. Donaldson. 1990
124. {{harvnb. Dalzell. 2008
125. Matthew Rottnek, Sissies and Tomboys: Gender Nonconformity and Homosexual Childhood, NYU Press, May 1, 1999 -
126. Eaklor, Vicki L.. (2008-03-30). "Queer America: A GLBT History of the 20th Century". ABC-CLIO.
127. "The French Academy".
128. link. (2024-09-30 . (2019). In ''Oxford English Dictionary''. Retrieved May 14, 2024.)
129. [https://www.dictionary.com/browse/hasbian "hasbian"] {{Webarchive. link. (2024-05-14 . (n.d.). In ''Dictionary.com''. Retrieved May 14, 2024.)
130. (2003-09-02). "Encyclopedia of Lesbian and Gay Histories and Cultures edited by George Haggerty, Bonnie Zimmerman". Taylor & Francis.
131. link. (2023-04-05 . ''[[The New York Times]]''.)
132. (2012). "Intersectionality, Sexuality and Psychological Therapies: Working with Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Diversity". [[John Wiley & Sons]].
133. (2018). "The Routledge Dictionary of Modern American Slang and Unconventional English". [[Routledge]].
134. {{harvnb. Dalzell. 2008
135. (April 9, 2018). "Definition of pillow princess".
136. "Usem a língua! Conheça 17 gírias lésbicas - Guia Gay São Paulo".
137. (2021-03-15). "LGBTQ+ Terminology".
138. (13 April 2020). "The Butches and Studs Who've Defied the Male Gaze and Redefined Culture". The New York Times.
139. (2020-02-29). "Stud Lesbian Meaning".
140. Castleman, Michael. (March 15, 2016). "The Continuing Controversy Over Bisexuality". Psychology Today.
141. Drake, Fabia. (1978). "Blind Fortune". Kimber.
142. Rogers-Smith, Georgia. (September 2020). "Ambiguous or Ambisextrous? Exploring dress, gender and the fashioning of masculine femininity in the 'long nineteenth century'.". University of Huddersfield.
143. (2021). "[[The Queens' English: The LGBTQIA+ Dictionary of Lingo and Colloquial Phrases]]". Potter/Ten Speed/Harmony/Rodale.
144. Ault, Amber. (1996). "Ambiguous Identity in an Unambiguous Sex/Gender Structure: The Case of Bisexual Women". The Sociological Quarterly.
145. Atkins, Dawn. (2012-10-12). "Looking Queer: Body Image and Identity in Lesbian, Bisexual, Gay, and Transgender Communities". Routledge.
146. (1990). "Bisexuality: A Reader and Sourcebook". Times Change Press.
147. (3 August 2009). "Gay L.A.: A History of Sexual Outlaws, Power Politics, and Lipstick Lesbians". Univ of California Press.
148. [[Louis Crompton. Crompton, Louis]]. ''Byron and Greek Love: Homophobia in 19th-century England''. Faber & Faber, London 1985. {{ISBN. 978-0-571-13597-4
149. "Horatian {{!}} definition by Lexicon Library.LGBT".
150. (15 February 2017). "How to be a Sexual Unicorn".
151. "Unicorn Polyamory".
152. (2020-01-08). "Popular Gay Slang Inspired by the Animal Kingdom". [[Here Media]].
153. (2012-04-22). "Hunting the Elusive Unicorn". The Good Men Project.
154. (1995). "Male Colors: The Construction of Homosexuality in Tokugawa Japan". University of California Press.
155. {{in lang. de [[Friedrich Salomon Krauss. Krauss, Friedrich Salomo]] et al. ''Japanisches Geschlechtsleben: Abhandlungen und Erhebungen über das Geschlechtsleben des japanischen Volkes; folkloristische Studien'', Schustek, 1965
156. Jacobs, Katrien. (2007). "Netporn: DIY web culture and sexual politics". Rowman & Littlefield.
157. (2003). "The Cambridge Companion to Science Fiction". Cambridge University Press.
158. Ray Marquez, Mx. Anunnaki. (2019-12-12). "Biological and Anatomical Sex: Endosex, Intersex & Altersex".
159. Kupper, Carly. (2021-01-01). "Non-Binary Identities: How Non-Binary People Move Through A Gendered World". Honors Undergraduate Theses.
160. Stefanović, Matija. ""Baby Trans" – Early Stages of Transition – How and Why Trans People are Behaving so "Strangely" When They Just Come Out".
161. "Baby trans".
162. (2019-04-16). "Transgender slang, slurs, and controversial words".
163. (2014-11-27). "The Concise New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English". Routledge.
164. Barron, Victoria. (2023-02-21). "Perfectly Queer: An Illustrated Introduction". Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
165. Sisko, Adriana. (2021-01-01). ""My Gender is Lesbian": Community Building and the Endurance of the Lesbian in Queer Times". Theses and Dissertations--Gender and Women's Studies.
166. Mardell, Ashley. (2016-11-08). "The ABC's of LGBT+". Mango Media Inc..
167. VanDerWerff, Emily. (2019-03-30). "How The Matrix universalized a trans experience — and helped me accept my own".
168. Dyer, Harriet. (2018-05-10). "From Ace to Ze: The Little Book of LGBT Terms". Summersdale.
169. (2023-12-01). "Acceptability of Biospecimen Collection Among Sexual and/or Gender Minority Adults in the United States". Annals of LGBTQ Public and Population Health.
170. Lerner, Ada. "Counting Carrds: Investigating Personal Disclosure and Boundary Management in Transformative Fandom". [[Northeastern University]].
171. (2017). "Genderqueer and Non-Binary Genders".
172. (1989). "Male Homosexuality in Thailand; An Interpretation of Contemporary Thai Sources". Global Academic Publishers.
173. (2021-07-19). "Unapologetic: The Journal of Irresponsible Gender #1 {{!}} Trans Reads".
174. "trans women MTF butch lesbian".
175. "Opinião: Marina Mathey - Sapatravas, Sapatrans...".
176. (2024-01-19). "Queerentenas em primeira pessoa". Revista Estudos Feministas.
177. (26 January 2021). "What Is A "T-Girl"?".
178. (2 January 2015). "Tranarchism: transgender embodiment and destabilization of the state". Contemporary Justice Review.
179. (January 2004). "Queer Empathy: or, Reading/Writing the Queer in Victorian Poetry". Literature Compass.
180. [[Susan Stryker]] (1999). "Portrait of a Transfag Drag Hag as a Young Man: The Activist Career of Louis G. Sullivan," in Kate More and Stephen Whittle (eds). ''Reclaiming Gender: Transsexual Grammars at the Fin de Siecle,'' pp. 62-82. Cassells, {{ISBN. 978-0-304-33776-7
181. White, Melissa Autumn. (March 2013). "Ambivalent homonationalisms: Transnational queer intimacies and territorialized belongings". Interventions.
182. Badalone, Rex. (2023-08-30). "Clearly We Do Nothing Else Here But F*ck: Assembling a Transfag Through Erotic Roleplay in Final Fantasy XIV". Concordia University.
183. 2020, [[Riki Wilchins]]; [[Joan Nestle]]; Clare Howell, ''GenderQueer-Voices from Beyond the Sexual Binary'', page 237
184. 2005, [[Emanuel Xavier]], ''Bullets & Butterflies: Queer Spoken Word Poetry'', page 117
185. [[Autumn Sandeen]], [https://shadowproof.com/2009/03/19/blaming-the-victim-angie-zapata-for-her-own-death/ Blaming The Victim, Angie Zapata, For Her Own Death] {{Webarchive. link. (2022-03-31, Shadowproof, 19 Mar 2009)
186. (2018). "Trans*: A Quick and Quirky Account of Gender Variability". University of California Press.
187. Kaveney, Roz. (2010-06-30). "Why trans is in but tranny is out". [[The Guardian]].
188. (2011-09-11). "GLAAD's Transgender Resources". [[Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation]].
189. (2021). "Trans and Genderqueer Subjects in Medieval Hagiography".
190. (2022-02-22). "GLAAD Media Reference Guide - Transgender Terms".
191. (2023-11-01). "Troon: Definition, Meaning, and Origin in Anti-LGBTQ Hate {{!}} GLAAD".
192. SlangDefine.org. "Slang Define: What is Dickgirl? - meaning and definition".
193. SlangDefine.org. "Slang Define: What is Cuntboy? - meaning and definition".
194. (2016-02-04). "10 Words Transgender People Want You to Know (But Not Say)".
195. (2003-09-16). "Sex Toys 101: A Playfully Uninhibited Guide". Simon and Schuster.
196. Urquhart, Evan. (2017-03-30). "Why Is "Passing" Such a Controversial Subject for Trans People?".
197. (16 October 2015). "What's a Skoliosexual?". Huffington Post.
198. (18 May 2017). "Is Fetishizing Trans Bodies Offensive?". The Advocate.
199. {{Cite OED. (June 2022)
200. Cavar, Sarah Lynn. (2020-05-07). "Enacting Transbutch: Queer Narratives Beyond Essentialism".
201. (January 2022). "Landscapes of possibility: An introduction to fantasy in 2SLGBTQIA+ and disabled therapeutic contexts". International Journal of Narrative Therapy & Community Work.
202. (2 November 2023). "Online Anti-LGBTQ Hate Terms Defined: "Transgenderism"".
203. (26 July 2006). "Provincetown Straights Complain". [[SFGate]].
204. "Meaning of breeder in English". Cambridge University Press.
205. Collins, Anastasia M.. (2018). "Language, Power, and Oppression in the LIS Diversity Void". Library Trends.
206. (November 2019). "Transforming School Hallways Through Critical Inquiry: Multimodal Literacies for Civic Engagement". Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy.
207. (2 October 2014). "Meet the Chasers, "Admirers" Who Really, Really Want to Date Trans People". Slate Magazine.
208. "Studying the elusive "fag hag": Women who like men who like men". Scientific American, a Division of Nature America, Inc..
209. (December 1995). "Insult and Inclusion: The Term Fag Hag and Gay Male "Community"". Social Forces.
210. "Fag hag Definition & Meaning". Dictionary.com, LLC.
211. (1995). "Insult and Inclusion: The Term ''Fag Hag'' and Gay Male ''Community''". [[Social Forces]].
212. The Single Guy, Jorge. (29 June 2006). "Single in the City: Fag Stag". Generation Q Media.
213. (31 July 2018). "Here's a handy way to tell if someone you meet is asexual".
214. (2007). "Bitch: Feminist Response to Pop Culture". Bitch Publications.
215. (2010-01-01). "Our Sexuality". Cengage Learning.
216. (25 July 2018). "7 things you should know about identifying as aromantic — or not being romantically attracted to others".
217. (2015). "The Invisible Orientation: An Introduction to Asexuality". Simon and Schuster.
218. (27 October 2018). "explore the spectrum: guide to finding your ace community". GLAAD.
219. (2017-05-22). "Who's Your Main Squish? 15 Signs You're Squishing on Someone".
220. (2016-07-29). "Squish- That Platonic Crush You Always Experienced But Never Had A Name For".
221. (2015). "Making Sense in and of the Asexual Community: Navigating Relationships and Identities in a Context of Resistance". Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology.
222. (September 2013). "The 'A' in LGBT". Counterpoint.
223. (2020-01-08). "Popular Gay Slang Inspired by the Animal Kingdom". [[Here Media]].
224. (2018-09-07). "Jaguar discuss the culture of animal labelling in community".
225. (12 February 2015). "The Bear Necessities".
226. Griffiths, Dave. "Op-Ed: Bears, Otters or Wolves…Oh My! But What Am I?".
227. (November 2017). "A Literature Review of Health Risks in the Bear Community, a Gay Subculture". American Journal of Men's Health.
228. (2017-11-27). "The Ultimate LGBT Glossary: all your questions answered".
229. "Twink definition". Online Etymology Dictionary.
230. (2019-12-06). ""Twunk": Here's What This Word Really Means".
231. L. Maki, Justin. (2017). "Gay Subculture Identification: Training Counselors to Work With Gay Men".