From Surf Wiki (app.surf) — the open knowledge base

Ksudach

Stratovolcano in southern Kamchatka, Russia

Field	Value
name	Ksudach
photo	KsudachVolcano ISS009-E-16836.jpg
photo_caption	The summit area of Ksudach Volcano
elevation_m	1,079
map	Russia Kamchatka Krai
map_caption	Location in Kamchatka Krai, Russia
label_position	left
location	Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia
range	Eastern Range
coordinates
type	Stratovolcano
last_eruption	March 1907

Ksudach () (also known as Vonyuchy Khrebet Volcano) is a stratovolcano in southern Kamchatka, Russia. The last eruption of Ksudach was in March 1907, on or around 28 March, which was one of the largest ever recorded in Kamchatka with a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 5. The summit area comprises overlapping calderas. Two lakes, Bolshoe and Kraternoe, are located within calderas at the summit of Ksudach. These lakes, along with hot springs and the surrounding wilderness, make the Ksudach Volcano region a popular trekking destination. In the event of renewed volcanic activity, its remote location minimizes its potential hazard to humans.

Eruptive history

Ksudach has experienced five known collapse events that created its system of nested calderas. Two of those (Calderas I and II) occurred during the late Pleistocene, while three smaller collapses (Calderas III, IV, and V) occurred during the Holocene. Known eruptions have been dated to 8700–8800, 6100, 6000, and 1700–1800 years B.P through radiocarbon dating.

Ksudach experienced a major caldera-forming eruption at approximately 240 A.D. The eruption ejected an estimated 18 – of material with a dense-rock equivalent of 8 km3, creating a caldera (Caldera V) approximately 4 x in size.

About a hundred years after the formation of Caldera V, a cone, known as Shtyubel' Cone, began to grow within the caldera. Three known explosive eruptions have occurred with the cone, with erupted material ranging from andesites to dacites and rhyodacites. The last eruption of Ksudach occurred from this cone in 1907.

The 1907 eruption occurred on or around 28 March and was one of the largest ever recorded in Kamchatka, with a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 5 and a volume of ejected ash at 2.4 km3. The eruption generated pyroclastic flows with an estimated volume of 0.15 km3 which was spread out over an area of 115 km2, which was followed by a round of pyroclastic surges with an estimated volume of 0.2 km3 and which deposits cover an area of 160 km2 The 1907 eruption sent ash high into the atmosphere which was transported by the jet stream, leaving North America east of the Rocky Mountains unseasonably cold.

References

(2010). "Ksudach Eruption of 1907". NWS Des Moines.
Volynets, O. N. (1999-07-01). "Holocene eruptive history of Ksudach volcanic massif, South Kamchatka: evolution of a large magmatic chamber". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research.
Braitseva, O. A.. (1992-01-01). "Tephra of the largest prehistoric Holocene volcanic eruptions in Kamchatka". Quaternary International.
Braitseva, O. A.. (1996-01-01). "The caldera-forming eruption of Ksudach volcano about cal. A.D. 240: the greatest explosive event of our era in Kamchatka, Russia". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research.
Macáas, J. L.. (August 1, 1995). "Products of the 1907 eruption of Shtyubelʼ Volcano, Ksudach Caldera, Kamchatka, Russia". Geological Society of America Bulletin.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

volcanoes-of-the-kamchatka-peninsula stratovolcanoes-of-russia volcanic-crater-lakes mountains-of-the-kamchatka-peninsula vei-6-volcanoes 20th-century-volcanic-events calderas-of-russia pleistocene-calderas holocene-calderas

Want to explore this topic further?

Ask Mako anything about Ksudach — get instant answers, deeper analysis, and related topics.

Research with Mako

Free with your Surf account

Content sourced from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This content may have been generated or modified by AI. CloudSurf Software LLC is not responsible for the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of AI-generated content. Always verify important information from primary sources.

Report