Kiss of Judas

In the New Testament

Judas was both a disciple of Jesus and one of the original twelve Apostles. Most Apostles originated from Galilee but Judas came from Judea. The gospels of Matthew (26:47–50) and Mark (14:43–45) both use the Greek verb , which means to "kiss, caress; distinct from ; especially of an amorous kiss." It is the same verb that Plutarch uses to describe a famous kiss that Alexander the Great gave to Bagoas. The compound verb (κατα-) "has the force of an emphatic, ostentatious salute." Lutheran theologian Johann Bengel suggests that Judas kissed him "repeatedly": "he kissed Him more than once in opposition to what he had said in the preceding verse: (Matthew 26:48), and did so as if from kindly feeling."

According to Matthew 26:50, Jesus responded by saying: "Friend, do what you came for." Luke 22:47 notes that Judas "approached Jesus to kiss him," but does not say that he did so; in Luke 22:48, Jesus says "Judas, are you betraying the Son of Man with a kiss?"

Jesus's arrest follows immediately.

In liturgics

In the Divine Liturgy of Saint John Chrysostom the Greek Orthodox Church uses the troparion Of thy Mystical Supper.., in which the hymnist vows to Jesus that he will "...not kiss Thee as did Judas..." (...οὐ φίλημά σοι δώσω, καθάπερ ὁ Ἰούδας...):

Commentary

Justus Knecht comments on Judas' kiss, writing:

Cornelius a Lapide in his Great commentary writes,

In art

The scene is nearly always included, either as the Kiss itself, or the moment after, the Arrest of Jesus, or the two combined (as above), in the cycles of the Life of Christ in art or Passion of Jesus in various media. In some Byzantine cycles it is the only scene before the Crucifixion. A few examples include:

• Probably the best known is from Giotto's cycle in the Scrovegni Chapel in Padua
• The Taking of Christ by Caravaggio
• A sixth-century Byzantine mosaic in Ravenna
• A fresco by Barna da Siena
• A sculpture representing the Kiss of Judas appears on the Passion façade of the Sagrada Família basilica in Barcelona

File:Fra Angelico 020.jpg|Fresco by Fra Angelico, San Marco, Florence, 1437–1446 File:F463.highresBaiserJudas.jpg|Judas betraying Jesus with a kiss, in the Grandes Heures of Anne of Brittany, between 1503 and 1508 File:The Taking of Christ-Caravaggio (c.1602).jpg|The Taking of Christ by Caravaggio, 1602 File:Beijo de Judas - Simão Rodrigues.png|Beijo de Judas by Simão Rodrigues, Portugal, 17th century. File:Wilhelm Marstrand, Judaskysset, udateret, 0122NMK, Nivaagaards Malerisamling.jpg|Wilhelm Marstrand, Kiss of Judas, undated (between 1830 and 1873) File:Gustave Doré - Study for "The Judas Kiss" - Walters 371387.jpg|Study for The Judas Kiss by Gustave Doré, 1865 File:Brooklyn Museum - The Kiss of Judas (Le baiser de Judas) - James Tissot.jpg|The Kiss of Judas by James Tissot, Brooklyn Museum, between 1886 and 1894

References

References

1. Graham, Natalie. (2011). "Judas Kiss". New England Review (1990-).
2. "Judas kiss". TheFreeDictionary.com.
3. Cooper, J.HB.. (23 October 2013). "Dictionary of Christianity". Routledge.
4. Brewer, Ebenezer Cobham. (1896). "The Historic Notebook: With an Appendix of Battles". J. B. Lippincott.
5. Judd Jr., Frank. (2006). "Judas in the New Testament, the Restoration, and the Gospel of Judas". Brigham Young University Studies.
6. {{LSJ. katafile/w. καταφιλέω. ref
7. Plutarch. (1919). "Alexander".
8. [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/vws/matthew/26.htm Vincent's Word Studies] {{Webarchive. link. (2019-07-06 on Matthew 26, accessed 27 February 2017)
9. [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/bengel/matthew/26.htm Bengel's Gnomon] {{Webarchive. link. (2019-04-06 on Matthew 26, accessed 27 February 2017)
10. Dear, John. "On Holy Thursday, betrayal and friendship".
11. {{bibleverse. Matthew. 26:50
12. Rev. Nicholas M. Elias. (1966). "The Divine Liturgy Explained". Papadimitriou Publishing Co..
13. Knecht, Friedrich Justus. (1910). "A Practical Commentary on Holy Scripture". B. Herder.
14. Lapide, Cornelius. (1889). "The great commentary of Cornelius à Lapide".
15. [[Gertrud Schiller. Schiller, Gertrud]], ''Iconography of Christian Art, Vol. II'', p. 52, 1972 (English trans from German), Lund Humphries, London, {{ISBN. 0853313245
16. For a discussion of the kiss of Judas with respect to Caravaggio's ''The Taking of Christ'' (now in the [[National Gallery of Ireland]], Dublin), together with a summary of traditional ecclesiastical interpretation of that gesture, see [[Franco Mormando]], "Just as your lips approach the lips of your brothers: Judas Iscariot and the Kiss of Betrayal" in ''Saints and Sinners: Caravaggio and the Baroque Image,'' ed. F. Mormando, Chestnut Hill, MA: The McMullen Museum of Art of Boston College, 1999, 179–90.