King of Saudi Arabia

History

King Abdulaziz Al Saud, known in the West as Ibn Saud, regained his patrimony, which is known as today's Saudi Arabia, in 1902. Restoring his family as emirs of the Emirate of Riyadh, he then established the Sultanate of Nejd as his headquarters in 1922. Following the establishment of Riyadh as the capital of his state, Ibn Saud then captured Hejaz in 1925.

Ibn Saud proclaimed his dominions as the Sultanate of Nejd in 1921, shortly before completing the unification of the region. He was proclaimed king (malik) of Hejaz in 1926, and raised Nejd to a kingdom as well in 1927. For the next five years, Ibn Saud administered the two parts of his realm, the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd, as separate units. On 23 September 1932, he formally united his territories into the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Succession

The kings since Ibn Saud's death have all been his sons, and all likely immediate successors to the reigning King Salman will be from among his progeny. This makes the Saudi monarchy quite distinct from Western monarchies, which usually feature large, clearly defined royal families and orders of succession, and use the primogeniture system of succession. Muhammad bin Nayef was the first grandson of Ibn Saud to be in the line of succession before being deposed from the position of Crown Prince by a royal decree in 2017.

Other functions

The king of Saudi Arabia is also considered the head of the House of Saud and, until 2021, the prime minister. The crown prince was also the "deputy prime minister" until 2021 and is currently prime minister. The kings after Faisal have named a "second deputy prime minister" as the subsequent heir after the crown prince.

Opposition

Criticism of the king, religious leaders, or government is not allowed and can generally mean jail time for the critics. It can also result in death.

Kings of Saudi Arabia (present)

This is a list of rulers of Saudi Arabia, a kingdom on the Arabian Peninsula.

Sheikhdom of Diriyah

Main article: Sheikhdom of Diriyah

• 1446–1727 Sheikhdom of Diriyah

– 1725 (death by natural causes) Son of Emir Muhammad bin Muqrin

First Saudi State

Main article: Emirate of Diriyah

• 1744–1818 Emirate of Diriyah

Second Saudi State

Main article: Emirate of Nejd

• 1823–1891 Emirate of Nejd

(First term.)

(Second term.)

(First term.)

(First term.)

(Second term.)

(Second term.)

(First term.)

(Third term.)

(Second term.)

Third Saudi State (1902–present)

Main article: Third Saudi State

• 1902–1913: Emirate of Riyadh
• 1913–1921: Emirate of Nejd and Hasa
• 1921–1926: Sultanate of Nejd
• 1926–1932: Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd
• 1932–present: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

(death by natural causes) Son of Abdul Rahman bin Faisal and Sara bint Ahmed Al Sudairi

(abdicated)

(assassinated)

Genealogy

Timeline

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DateFormat = yyyy Period = from:1720 till:2025 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:10 start:1720

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from: 1720 till: 1725 color:Imam text:"Saud I" fontsize:10 from: 1744 till: 1765 color:Imam text:"Muhammad I" fontsize:10 from: 1765 till: 1803 color:Imam text:"Abdulaziz I" fontsize:10 from: 1803 till: 1814 color:Imam text:"Saud II" fontsize:10 from: 1814 till: 1818 color:Imam text:"Abdullah I" fontsize:10 from: 1823 till: 1834 color:Imam text:"Turki" fontsize:10 from: 1834 till: 1834 color:Imam text:"Mishari" fontsize:10 from: 1834 till: 1838 color:Imam text:"Faisal I" fontsize:10 from: 1838 till: 1841 color:Imam text:"Khalid I" fontsize:10 from: 1841 till: 1843 color:Imam text:"Abdullah II" fontsize:10 from: 1843 till: 1865 color:Imam text:"Faisal I" fontsize:10 from: 1865 till: 1871 color:Imam text:"Abdullah II" fontsize:10 from: 1871 till: 1871 color:Imam text:"Saud III" fontsize:10 from: 1871 till: 1873 color:Imam text:"Abdullah II" fontsize:10 from: 1873 till: 1875 color:Imam text:"Saud III" fontsize:10 from: 1875 till: 1876 color:Imam text:"AbdulRahman" fontsize:10 from: 1876 till: 1889 color:Imam text:"Abdullah II" fontsize:10 from: 1889 till: 1891 color:Imam text:"AbdulRahman|" fontsize:10 from: 1902 till: 1953 color:Imam text:"Abdulaziz II" fontsize:10 from: 1953 till: 1964 color:Imam text:"Saud IV" fontsize:10 from: 1964 till: 1975 color:Imam text:"Faisal II" fontsize:10 from: 1975 till: 1982 color:Imam text:"Khalid II" fontsize:10 from: 1982 till: 2005 color:Imam text:"Fahd" fontsize:10 from: 2005 till: 2015 color:Imam text:"Abdullah IV" fontsize:10 from: 2015 till: end color:Imam text:"Salman" fontsize:10

Standard of the Kingdom

The Royal Standard consists of a green flag, with an Arabic inscription and a sword featured in white, and with the national emblem embroidered in gold in the lower right canton of the year 1973. File:Royal Standard of Saudi Arabia.svg| Royal Flag of the King (Ratio: 2:3) File:Royal Standard of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.svg|Royal Standard of the King (Ratio: 1:1) The script on the flag is written in the Thuluth script. It is the shahada or Islamic declaration of faith:

: لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا الله مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ الله : ar :There is no god but God: Muhammad is the Messenger of God.

File:Royal Flag of Saudi Arabia (1938-1953).svg|Royal Flag of the King (1938-1953) (Ratio: 2:3) File:Royal Banner of Saudi Arabia (1938-1953).svg|Royal Banner of the King (1938-1953) (Ratio: 12:25) File:Royal Standard of Saudi Arabia (1938-1953).svg|Royal Standard of the King (1938-1953) (Ratio: 1:1) File:Royal Flag of Saudi Arabia (1953-1964).svg|Royal Flag of the King (1953-1964) (Ratio: 2:3) File:Royal Standard of Saudi Arabia (1953-1964).svg|Royal Standard of the King (1953-1964) (Ratio: 1:1) File:Royal Flag of Saudi Arabia (1964-1973).svg|Royal Flag of the King (1964-1973) (Ratio: 2:3) File:Royal Standard of Saudi Arabia (1964-1973).svg|Royal Standard of the King (1964-1973) (Ratio: 1:1)

Current heir-presumptive

• Crown Prince: Mohammed bin Salman Al Saud, born ; son of King Salman and Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain.

Royal Standard

• The Royal Flag consists of a green flag, with an Arabic inscription and a sword featured in white, and with the national emblem embroidered in gold in the lower right canton.

The script on the flag is written in the Thuluth script. It is the shahada or Islamic declaration of faith: : لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا الله مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ الله : ar : There is no god but God: Muhammad is the Messenger of God."

• The Royal Standard consists of a green flag, in the center of the national emblem embroidered with gold.

References

assassinated.

References

1. "Saudi Arabia - Government and society".
2. (2015-01-27). "Story behind the king's title".
3. (31 October 2022). "King Salman of Saudi Arabia Ranked as the Most Influential Muslim in 2023".
4. "History {{!}} The Embassy of The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia".
5. "About Saudi Arabia".
6. "History of Saudi Arabia. ( The Saudi National Day 23, Sep )".
7. "Governance and Politics of Saudi Arabia".
8. (2017-06-21). "Mohammed bin Salman becomes Saudi Crown Prince with 31 out of 34 votes".
9. (2 October 2020). "Saudi expats launch opposition party on anniversary of Jamal Khashoggi's death".
10. (12 December 2019). "Saudi Arabia: Events of 2019".
11. "About Saudi Arabia: Facts and figures". The Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia, Washington D.C.
12. (22 October 2018). "Who is Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed?". BBC News.
13. "Royal Standard (Saudi Arabia)".
14. "About Saudi Arabia: Facts and figures". The Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia, Washington D.C.