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Khawaja

Honorific title in some cultures

Summary

Honorific title in some cultures

Khawaja () is an honorific title used across the Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia and Central Asia, particularly towards Sufi teachers.

It is also used by Kashmiri Muslims and Mizrahi Jews—particularly Kurdish Jews. The name or title Khawaja was usually given in Arab lands to non-Muslim dignitaries, usually to Jews or Christians. The word comes from the Persian word khwāja. In Persian, the title roughly translates to 'Lord' or 'Master' .

The Ottoman Turkish pronunciation of the Persian khwāja gave rise to hodja and its equivalents such as hoca in modern Turkish, hoxha in Albanian, խոջա (xoǰa) in Armenian, xoca (khoja) in Azerbaijani, hodža/хоџа in Serbo-Croatian, ходжа (khodzha) in Bulgarian and Russian, χότζας (chótzas) in Greek, and hoge in Romanian.

Other spellings include khaaja (Bengali) and koja (Javanese). The term has been rendered into English in various forms since the 1600s, including hodgee, hogi, cojah and khoja.

The name is also used in Egypt and Sudan to indicate a person with a foreign nationality or foreign heritage.

Gallery

File:Lescostumespopul00osma.pdf|page=99|Hodja of Shkodra, from Les costumes populaires de la Turquie en 1873, published under the patronage of the Ottoman Imperial Commission for the 1873 Vienna World's Fair File:Lescostumespopul00osma.pdf|page=137|Hodja of Salonika, today's Thessaloniki (first on the right, with the Hakham Bashi of Salonika on the left and a Monastir town dweller in the middle), from Les costumes populaires de la Turquie en 1873, published under the patronage of the Ottoman Imperial Commission for the 1873 Vienna World's Fair

Notes

References

"Epilogue, Vol 4, Issue 5". Epilogue -Jammu Kashmir.
Shyam Lal Pardesi. (1989). "Amudarya to Vitasta: A Bird's Eye-view of Relations Between Central-Asia and Kashmir". Sangarmaal Publications.
Zaken, Mordechai. (2007). "Jewish subjects and their tribal chieftains in Kurdistan: a study in survival". Brill.
(2014). "The Persian Gulf in Modern Times". Palgrave Macmillan US.
Ashyrly, Akif. (2005). "Türkün Xocalı soyqırımı". Nurlan.
"Xoca". Obastan.
S. Robson and S. Wibisono, 2002, ''Javanese English dictionary'' {{ISBN. 0-7946-0000-X, sv ''koja''
{{Cite OED. Khoja
Albaih, Khalid. (25 November 2018). "Jamal Khashoggi's borrowed white privilege made his murder count {{!}} Khalid Albaih".
"The Khajenouri Family".

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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