Kadhimiya

History

Religious significance

The city's location has led to numerous plunderings, resulting in damage to its shrines at different times in history. Among the most damage ever experienced by the town was after the Mongol Siege of Baghdad (1258), where the shrine of the Shia Imams was burnt down.

During the Government of Midhat Pasha in the Ottoman Empire, a tramway was built between Baghdad and Kadhiyma to transport pilgrims to the Shia shrines. The tramway was in service until 1938, when bus service began operating.

Later history

Baha'u'llah lived in this section of Baghdad during His exile from Iran, famously dictating the Hidden Words on the banks of the Tigris River. This makes the city significant to the Baháʼí Faith. [[File:Kadhimayn mosque. Bab Alquiblah in 1970..jpg|thumb|Kāẓimiyyah in the 1970's]]The area was also an important center of Iraqi revolt against the British after World War I. The Al-Istrabadi family had friendly ties with members of the royal government, such as Nuri al-Said. In 1941, 13 people were killed, and more than 80 people were wounded in a demonstration against an attempt to demolish an old abandoned cemetery. During the 1958 coup by Abdul-Karim Qasim, when the government was toppled, Nuri al-Said sought refuge in the area. Muhammad Fadhel al-Jamali, who was from this neighborhood, also sought refuge. Later, they were captured.

In 2005, a stampede occurred on Al-Aimmah Bridge over the Tigris River. About 1000 people were killed. Iraqi officials executed Saddam Hussein at an American operated facility in al-Kāẓimiyyah known as "Camp Justice". The execution occurred on the occasion of Eid al-Adha, which attracted global widespread international criticism, even from Saddam's opponents.

Baghdad Security Plan: During Operation Imposing Law in 2007, there were rumours that the United States' forces built walls around Al-Kadhimiyya Mosque. According to Iraqslogger.com, the protests that resulted were due to an agreement between Iraqi security officials and the Mahdi Army (now called the Peace Companies) that US forces would not come within 1000 m of the shrine. Pilgrims to the shrine were attacked on 30 April 2016, leading to wider protests.

Landmarks

Government and infrastructure

• Kadhimiyya Women's Prison is in the area. Women on Iraq's death row are held at the Shaaba Khamsa death row facility at Camp Justice. As of 2014, the adult women's death row had 36 women, as well as children, even though the facility was only intended to hold 25 women.

• Amil High School for Girls is in this neighborhood.

References

References

1. "Kadhimiya".
2. "تاریخچه حرم کاظمین". kazem.ommolketab.ir.
3. Ceylan, Ebubekir. (2011). "The Ottoman Origins of Modern Iraq: Political Reform, Modernization and Development in the Nineteenth Century Middle East". [[I.B. Tauris]].
4. "الكاظمية".
5. (2005-09-05). "Sunni rescuer hailed as Iraq hero". [[BBC News]].
6. [http://www.iraqslogger.com/index.php Exclusive "Bridges of Baghdad" Report] {{Webarchive. link. (2007-05-20 .)
7. "[https://www.hrw.org/report/2014/02/06/no-one-safe/abuse-women-iraqs-criminal-justice-system “No One is Safe” The Abuse of Women in Iraq’s Criminal Justice System]" ([https://web.archive.org/web/20151223113322/https://www.hrw.org/report/2014/02/06/no-one-safe/abuse-women-iraqs-criminal-justice-system Archive]). [[Human Rights Watch]]. February 6, 2014. Retrieved on December 25, 2015.
8. Partlow, Joshua. "[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/02/16/AR2007021602195.html For Baghdad's Uprooted Girls, School Offers A Hard Haven]" ([https://web.archive.org/web/20130201054629/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/02/16/AR2007021602195.html Archive]). ''[[Washington Post]]''. February 16, 2007. Retrieved on May 6, 2015.