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Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista

Field	Value
name	Councils of National-Syndicalist Offensive
native_name	Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista
colorcode	black
logo	garra jons.svg
logo_size	180px
leader	Onésimo Redondo
Ramiro Ledesma Ramos
slogan	¡Arriba los valores hispánicos!
¡España Una, Grande y Libre!
foundation	10 October 1931
dissolved	4 March 1934
merged	Falange Española de las JONS
ideology	Fascism
National syndicalism
Spanish nationalism
newspaper	Libertad
position	Far-right
youth_wing	Juventudes del Frente Nacional
wing2_title	Labor wing
wing2	Agrarian Trade Union Federation
colours	Black and red
state	Spain

Ramiro Ledesma Ramos ¡España Una, Grande y Libre! National syndicalism Spanish nationalism Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista (, JONS) was a nationalist and fascist movement in 1930s Spain. In 1934, it merged with the Falange Española into the Falange Española de las JONS.

History

JONS was founded on 10 October 1931 as the fusion of the group around La Conquista del Estado (The Conquest of the State) of Ramiro Ledesma Ramos and the Juntas Castellanas de Actuación Hispánica (Castilian Councils of Hispanic Action) of Onésimo Redondo. JONS, whose leadership was the Central Executive Triumvirate, began as a small organization, primarily amongst students in Madrid as well as workers and peasants in and around Valladolid. Its followers were called jonsistas.

In 1933, JONS experienced a period of expansion and started publishing a theoretical journal, JONS.

Amongst other endeavors, the organisation engaged in trade union work in Castile. In January 1933, Gutiérrez Palma set up a transport-workers union in Valladolid. Later the same year, JONS founded the Agrarian Trade Union Federation. In six months, it had set up 175 trade unions, which together claimed around 3,000 members. During that year, Onésimo Redondo returned from exile in Portugal and restarted the publication Libertad.

JONS expanded throughout the country. Its main strongholds were in Valencia, Granada, Valladolid, and Santiago de Compostela. It also established nuclei in Zaragoza, Bilbao, Salamanca, and Barcelona. The party started publishing Revolución in Zaragoza, Unidad in Galicia, and Patria Sindicalista in Valencia.

Merger with Falange Española

At the national council of JONS, held clandestinely in Madrid on 12–13 February 1934, the organization formulated its intention to merge with the Falange Española of José Antonio Primo de Rivera. The merger formed the Falange Española de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista, or FE-JONS.

During the Spanish Civil War, Francisco Franco forced a further merger with the very different traditional Carlists to create FET y de las JONS, the Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista or Movimiento Nacional ("National Movement"), henceforth the only legal political party in Francoist Spain. The Movimiento was disbanded upon Spain's transition to democracy in the late 1970s.

Sources

La Organización Sindical Española. Escuela Sindical 1961. 1961. Madrid. pp. 33–34.

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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