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Judy Biggert

American politician & attorney (born 1937)

Judy Biggert

Summary

American politician & attorney (born 1937)

FieldValue
nameJudy Biggert
imageJudy Biggert Official.jpg
stateIllinois
district
term_startJanuary 3, 1999
term_endJanuary 3, 2013
predecessorHarris Fawell
successorBill Foster (redistricted)
state_house1Illinois
district181st
term_start1January 13, 1993
term_end1January 3, 1999
predecessor1Thomas McCracken
successor1Patti Bellock
birth_nameJudith Gail Borg
birth_date
birth_placeChicago, Illinois, U.S.
partyRepublican
spouse
children4
educationStanford University (BA)
Northwestern University (JD)

Northwestern University (JD) Judith Gail Biggert (née Borg; born August 15, 1937) is an American politician and attorney. She is the former U.S. representative for , serving from 1999 to 2013. She is a member of the Republican Party.

Biggert was defeated in her 2012 re-election bid by former US Congressman Bill Foster. She was also the last Republican woman elected to Congress from Illinois until the election of Mary Miller of the 15th congressional district in 2020.

Prior to serving in Congress, she served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1993 to 1998. After leaving Congress, she was appointed to serve on the Illinois Education Labor Relations Board.

Early life, education and career

Biggert was born Judith Gail Borg in Chicago on August 15, 1937, the second of four children of Alvin Andrew Borg and Marjorie Virginia (Mailler) Borg. Her father worked for the Chicago-based Walgreen Co., the largest drugstore chain in the United States, for 41 years from 1928 to 1969, and served as its president from 1963 to 1969, succeeding Charles R. Walgreen Jr. and succeeded by Charles R. Walgreen III. Her paternal grandparents immigrated from Finland and her maternal family is of English descent.

She grew up in Wilmette, Illinois, a North Shore Chicago suburb, and graduated from New Trier High School in 1955, then went to Stanford University, where she received a B.A. in international relations in 1959, then worked for a year in a women's apparel store. She then attended Northwestern University School of Law where she was an editor of the Northwestern University Law Review from 1961 to 1963, earned a J.D. in 1963, then clerked for federal judge Luther Merritt Swygert of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit from 1963 to 1964.

Biggert left her federal court law clerkship to have her children, but later did some legal work from her home for family and friends on wills, trusts, and real estate. She served on numerous boards of voluntary and civic organizations.

Early community involvement and political career

Biggert was elected to the Hinsdale Township High School District 86 Board of Education in 1978 and was a board member until 1985, serving as president from 1983 to 1985. She served as chairman of the Hinsdale Plan Commission from 1989 to 1993. She also became active in Chicago community organizations, serving as chair of the Visiting Nurses Association and as president of the Junior League.

In 1992, Biggert was elected to the Illinois House of Representatives to serve the redrawn 81st District. She was re-elected in 1994 and 1996 before running for Congress in 1998.

U.S. House of Representatives

Committee assignments

  • Committee on Education and the Workforce
    • Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education
    • Subcommittee on Higher Education and Workforce Training
  • Committee on Financial Services
    • Subcommittee on Capital Markets, Insurance, and Government-Sponsored Enterprises
    • Subcommittee on Insurance, Housing and Community Opportunity (Chair)
  • Committee on Science, Space and Technology
    • Subcommittee on Energy and Environment
    • Subcommittee on Technology and Innovation

Caucus memberships

  • Co-Chair of the Caucus on Women's Issues
  • Republican Main Street Partnership

Voting record

Interest group ratings

ACLUACUADAAFL–CIOAFSCMEChCCfGConFRCITICLCVNTLC*NTUUSCC19992000200120022003200420052006200720082009
6030111621315996
5068200060594267056100
562017102161100
5384151105058100387359100
601013132559100
30643513061100187060100
60201306154225389
416430210540100335993
6830421867556585
2784352014653571386394
8020132277297395
  • NTLC – National Tax-Limitation Committee

Key votes

VoteBill
YesKill proposal to take aviation trust funds off budget
YesPermit state and local governments to display the Ten Commandments on public property
YesRequire background checks on buyers only at gun shows with 10 or more vendors
YesRemove barriers among banking, securities and insurance companies
YesBan "partial-birth" abortions
YesHalt funding for U.S. mission in Kosovo unless European nations pay more
YesProvide Medicare benefits to military retirees and their dependents
YesGrant China permanent normal trade status
YesPhase out estate, gift and trust taxes
YesApprove GOP plan to provide prescription drug coverage for Medicare beneficiaries
YesDrop enforcement of the U.S. economic embargo of Cuba
NoImpose steel import quotas
NoBar funding for Food and Drug Administration review of the RU-486 drug for inducement of abortion
NoAuthorize state grants to hire teachers and reduce class size
NoOverhaul campaign finance laws; ban "soft money" and restrict advocacy advertising
NoApprove bipartisan plan to increase rights of patients in managed-care health plans
NoRaise hourly minimum wage by $1 over two years
NoProhibit implementation of president's national monument designations
NoIncrease help for poor nations indebted to international financial institutions

|}

VoteBill
YesNullify Clinton Labor Department ergonomics rule
YesApprove Bush tax cuts of $1.35 trillion through fiscal 2011
YesPermit federal incentives for social services provided by religious organizations
YesBar funds for the District of Columbia to enforce anti-discrimination ruling against the Boy Scouts for expelling two gay Scouts
YesApprove Bush proposal to limit managed-care plan liability for coverage decisions
YesDivert money from crop subsidy payments to land conservation
YesExpand law enforcement power to investigate suspected terrorists
YesBack Bush's defense budget increase
YesExtend 1996 welfare law
YesBar funds for the International Criminal Court
YesAdopt Bush's discretionary spending limit
YesPass GOP Medicare prescription drug plan
YesPermit commercial airline pilots to carry firearms and use force during a flight
YesBan "partial-birth" abortion
YesRevive fast-track procedures for trade agreements
YesAuthorize war against Iraq
YesAdvance bankruptcy overhaul opposed by abortion opponents
NoMaintain ban on oil drilling in Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
NoOverhaul campaign finance law; ban "soft money" and restrict advocacy advertising
NoCreate independent Sep 11 commission
NoExtend union protection to Homeland Security Department employees

|}

VoteBill
YesRestrict liability lawsuits against manufacturers and sellers of firearms and ammunition
YesPermit oil drilling in 2,000 acre of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
YesApprove Bush tax cuts of $330 billion through fiscal 2013
YesDo not allow use of search warrants without first notifying suspects
YesBan "partial birth" abortion except to save a woman's life
YesApprove fiscal 2004 supplemental appropriations bill providing $87 billion for U.S. military operations and reconstruction aid to Iraq and Afghanistan
YesOverhaul Medicare and create prescription drug benefit
YesPass $293.2 billion, six-year federal highway and mass transit bill
YesProhibit funds to enforce the economic embargo of Cuba
YesApprove $146 billion multi-year extension of previously enacted middle-class tax breaks
YesCut corporate taxes $137 billion over 10 years
YesReorganize U.S. intelligence agencies as proposed by Sep 11 commission
NoBan human cloning and impose criminal sanctions
NoBlock Bush rule scaling back overtime pay for some white collar federal workers
NoAllow importation of prescription drugs
NoCreate private school voucher program in Washington, D.C.
NoSplit $18.6 billion in Iraq aid into half-grant, half-loan
NoExtend federal unemployment benefits by 13 weeks
NoBar funds to implement new federal regulations for overtime pay
NoAmend the Constitution to prohibit same-sex marriage

|}

VoteBill
YesIntervene in the life-support case of Terri Schiavo
YesPermanently repeal federal estate and gift taxes
YesLift President Bush's restrictions on stem cell research funding
YesReauthorize the USA PATRIOT Act, and make permanent most of its provisions for expanded law-enforcement authority to investigate potential terrorists
YesApprove the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) with five Central American countries
YesPass energy policy overhaul favored by President Bush emphasizing domestic oil and gas production
YesBan torture of prisoners in American custody
YesApprove fiscal 2006 budget reconciliation legislation to curb entitlement spending
YesAuthorize oil and gas leases for Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
YesAffirm U.S. commitment to war in Iraq and reject setting a withdrawal date for troops
YesPermit U.S. sale of civilian nuclear technology to India
YesBuild a 700 mi fence on the U.S.-Mexico border to curb illegal immigration
YesCreate military tribunals to try detainees described as unlawful enemy combatants
NoBar transportation of a minor girl across state lines to obtain an abortion without parental consent
NoProhibit FBI access to library and bookstore records
NoEnd mandatory preservation of habitat of endangered animal and plant species
NoStop broadband companies from favoring select Internet traffic
NoRepeal requirement for bilingual ballots at the polls
NoAmend the Constitution to define marriage as the union of a man and a woman

|}

VoteBill
YesIncrease minimum wage by $2.10 an hour to $7.25 per hour in two years from $5.15 per hour
YesAffirm U.S. commitment to war in Iraq and reject setting a withdrawal date for troops
YesBar funds to state or local governments that refuse to share information on immigrant status with the Immigration and Customs Enforcement Bureau
YesOverride Bush veto of $23.2 billion water projects authorization bill
YesProhibit job discrimination on the basis of a person's sexual orientation
YesImplement Peru free-trade agreement
YesApprove energy policy overhaul with new fuel economy standards
YesClear $473.5 billion omnibus spending bill, including $70 billion for military operations
YesOverhaul surveillance laws and permit dismissal of suits against companies that conducted warrantless wiretapping
YesGrant mortgage relief to homeowners and funding for Fannie Mac and Freddie Mac
YesRepeal the District of Columbia's local laws that prohibit possession of firearms
YesApprove final $700 billion program to stabilize financial markets
NoApprove $124.2 billion in emergency war spending and set goal for redeployment of troops from Iraq
NoBar the use of military funds for contingency operations in Iran
NoReject federal contraceptive assistance to international family planning groups
NoDelay consideration of Colombia free-trade agreement
NoOverride Bush veto of federal farm and nutrition programs reauthorization bill
NoReauthorize and expand the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP)
NoApprove initial $700 billion program to stabilize financial markets
NoProvide $14 billion in loans to automakers

|}

VoteBill
YesAuthorize the Food and Drug Administration to regulate tobacco products
YesRule for floor debate on the fiscal 2010 Commerce-Justice-Science appropriations bill that restricted the number of amendments to the bill that could be offered
YesComprehensive food safety bill, after a string of food-borne illnesses shook the public's confidence and left key industry players searching for ways to reassure consumers
YesCash for clunkers – replenish a federal fund that offered as much as $4,500 to car owners who traded in fuel-inefficient vehicles for newer, more fuel efficient vehicles
YesStupak amendment to health reform legislation to restrict insurance coverage for abortions
NoState Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) expansion
NoEconomic stimulus – $787 billion bill to help stimulate the economy through a combination of spending and tax cuts
NoMortgage loan modification – allow bankruptcy judges to write down the principal and interest rates of existing loans to a home's current market value
NoClimate change mitigation – create a cap and trade system to limit emissions of greenhouse gases; require electric utilities to produce some of their power from renewable sources
NoStudent loan overhaul – establish the government as the sole provider of student loans and provide billions of dollars in savings toward various scholarship and education programs
NoHealth care reform legislation aimed at insuring most Americans and paid for with a controversial combination of reductions in Medicare spending and tax increases

|}

VoteBill
YesContinuing Extension Act of 2010 – $18 billion unemployment benefits extension to June 2, 2010
YesAllow repeal of "Don't ask, don't tell" policy 60 days after receipt of Pentagon recommendations due December 1, 2010
NoPatient Protection and Affordable Care Act / Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010
NoDodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
NoUnemployment Compensation Extension Act of 2010 – $34 billion unemployment benefits extension to November 30, 2010
NoAid to states – $26 billion to fund education jobs and Medicaid
NoSmall Business Jobs and Credit Act of 2010 – $42 billion to provide capital to small banks and tax cuts for small businesses

|}

Political positions

[[Julia Roberts]] with Judy Biggert at the [[United States Capitol]].

Judy Biggert is a moderate Republican. She was a member of The Republican Main Street Partnership and Republicans for Choice.

Abortion

Biggert supports abortion rights. She supports embryonic stem-cell research. She was given a 50% rating from NARAL Pro-Choice America and a 67% rating from Planned Parenthood, which both support legal abortion, a 100% rating from Population Connection, an anti-abortion organization which supports voluntary family planning, and a 50% rating from the anti-abortion National Right to Life Committee which opposes access to legal abortion.

Taxes

Biggert was one of 171 of the 178 Republican U.S. House members in the 111th Congress to have signed Grover Norquist's Americans for Tax Reform Taxpayer Protection Pledge:

Biggert supported making all of the Bush tax cuts permanent, regardless of income.

Social security, healthcare, and Medicaid

Biggert supported the partial privatization of Social Security, in which individuals could choose to voluntarily divert 2% of their Social Security tax payments from paying Social Security beneficiaries into individual private accounts which they could invest in the stock market and which they could pass on to their heirs.

Biggert supported the repeal (or defunding to prevent implementation) of the 2010 Democratic health care reform and its replacement with Republican health care reform.

Biggert opposed allowing individuals less than 65 years of age to buy into Medicare.

Illegal immigration

Biggert opposed any comprehensive immigration reform that provides a path to citizenship for illegal immigrants and supports efforts against illegal immigration. .

Campaign finance

Biggert opposed public financing of federal election campaigns, and supported the elimination of all limits on campaign contributions with immediate and full disclosure of contributions.

Same-sex marriage and LGBT issues

Biggert voted against the 2006 Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment intended to ban gay marriage. She supported repealing the "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy, but opposed repealing the Defense of Marriage Act which prohibited federal recognition of same-sex marriages. In 2012, she was given a 70% rating from the Human Rights Campaign, a political action committee which supports same-sex marriage and other gay rights, and she was given a 100% rating by PFLAG, or Parents, Families, and Friends of Lesbians and Gays.

Political campaigns

1998

Main article: 1998 United States House of Representatives elections in Illinois#District 13

In 1998, Biggert narrowly defeated (45%-40%) conservative state Senator Peter Roskam in the Republican primary, the real contest in this ancestrally Republican district. In the general she earned 61% of the vote to win the seat opened up by the retirement of U. S. Representative Harris Fawell. In 2006, Roskam was elected to Congress from another district.

2006

Main article: 2006 United States House of Representatives elections in Illinois#District 13

In 2006, Biggert's share of the vote in the general election fell below 60% (58%) for the first time in her Congressional career.

2008

Main article: 2008 United States House of Representatives elections in Illinois#District 13

In 2008, Biggert received less than 54% of the vote overall (and less than 50% of the vote in Will County) in winning reelection to her sixth term in Congress. For the first time, she faced a financially competitive Democratic opponent, businessman Scott Harper, the first reasonably well-financed Democrat to run in the district or its predecessors in decades. In 2008, Democratic U.S. Sen. Dick Durbin was reelected with 60% of the vote and Democrat Barack Obama won 54% of the vote in the 13th Congressional District, with even Biggert's Republican predecessor, Fawell, supporting Obama.

2010

Main article: 2010 United States House of Representatives elections in Illinois#District 13

Biggert taking the oath of office after her 2010 re-election.

Biggert won re-election.

2012

Main article: 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Illinois#District 11

In the redistricting following the 2010 census, the Democratic-controlled state legislature significantly altered Illinois's congressional map, splitting Biggert's district. Her district was renumbered as the 11th District, and made significantly more Democratic even though it contains 50 percent of Biggert's former territory. A portion of her former district that included Biggert's home in Hinsdale was combined with the heavily Democratic Chicago North Side-based 5th District. Biggert opted to run in the new 11th against the Democratic nominee, former 14th District Congressman Bill Foster.

Electoral history

Illinois House, 81st Representative District (1992–1996)

  • 1992 Republican primary
    • Judy Biggert – 5,284 (38%)
    • James P. McCarthy – 3,498 (25%)
    • Todd Vandermyde – 1,861 (13%)
    • Andrew J. (Andy) Clark – 1,758 (12%)
    • John Curry – 1,684 (12%)
  • 1992 general election
    • Judy Biggert (R) – 28,655 (69%)
    • David M. Briggs (D) – 12,918 (31%)
  • 1994 Republican primary
    • Judy Biggert – 6,100 (54%)
    • James P. McCarthy – 5,219 (46%)
  • 1994 general election
    • Judy Biggert (R) – 22,227 (78.51%)
    • Bill Chalberg (D) – 6,085 (21%)
  • 1996 Republican primary
    • Judy Biggert – 14,142 (100%)
  • 1996 general election
    • Judy Biggert (R) – 28,597 (71%)
    • Dave Brockway (D) – 11,573 (29%)

U.S. House, Illinois 13th Congressional District (1998–2010)

  • 1998 Republican primary
    • Judy Biggert – 24,482 (45%)
    • Peter Roskam – 21,784 (40%)
    • David J. Shestokas – 2,574 (5%)
    • Michael J. Krzyston – 2,566 (5%)
    • Andrew J. Clark – 1,926 (4%)
    • Walter Marksym – 1,035 (2%)
  • 1998 general election{{cite web |author=Illinois State Board of Elections |year=1998 |title=Ballots cast, general election – 11/3/1998, 13th Congress |location=Springfield, Ill. |publisher=State Board of Elections
    • Judy Biggert (R) – 121,889 (61%) $1,294,853*
    • Susan W. Hynes (D) – 77,878 (39%) $222,656*
  • 2000 Republican primary{{cite web |author=Illinois State Board of Elections |year=2000 |title=Ballots cast, general primary – 3/21/2000, 13th Congress |location=Springfield, Ill. |publisher=State Board of Elections
    • Judy Biggert – 39,121 (100%)
  • 2000 general election{{cite web |author=Illinois State Board of Elections |year=2000 |title=Ballots cast, general election – 11/7/2000, 13th Congress |location=Springfield, Ill. |publisher=State Board of Elections
    • Judy Biggert (R) – 193,250 (66%) $381,623*
    • Thomas Mason (D) – 98,768 (34%)
  • 2002 Republican primary{{cite web |author=Illinois State Board of Elections |year=2002 |title=Ballots cast, general primary – 3/19/2002, 13th Congress |location=Springfield, Ill. |publisher=State Board of Elections
    • Judy Biggert – 70,691 (100%)
  • 2002 general election{{cite web |author=Illinois State Board of Elections |year=2002 |title=Ballots cast, general election – 11/5/2002, 13th Congress |location=Springfield, Ill. |publisher=State Board of Elections
    • Judy Biggert (R) – 139,456 (70%) $464,054*
    • Tom Mason (D) – 59,069 (30%)
  • 2004 Republican primary{{cite web |author=Illinois State Board of Elections |year=2004 |title=Ballots cast, general primary – 3/16/2004, 13th Congress |location=Springfield, Ill. |publisher=State Board of Elections
    • Judy Biggert – 46,861 (99%)
    • Bob Hart (write-in) – 231 (
  • 2004 general election{{cite web |author=Illinois State Board of Elections |year=2004 |title=Ballots cast, general election – 11/2/2004, 13th Congress |location=Springfield, Ill. |publisher=State Board of Elections
    • Judy Biggert (R) – 200,472 (65%) $542,733*
    • Gloria Schor Andersen (D) – 107,836 (35%) $42,129*
    • Mark Alan Mastrogiovanni (write-in) – 4 (0%)
  • 2006 Republican primary{{cite web |author=Illinois State Board of Elections |year=2006 |title=Ballots cast, general primary – 3/21/2006, 13th Congress |location=Springfield, Ill. |publisher=State Board of Elections
    • Judy Biggert – 52,900 (80%)
    • Bob Hart – 13,564 (20%)
  • 2006 general election{{cite web |author=Illinois State Board of Elections |year=2006 |title=Ballots cast, general election – 11/7/2006, 13th Congress |location=Springfield, Ill. |publisher=State Board of Elections
    • Judy Biggert (R) – 119,720 (58%) $1,014,819*
    • Joseph Shannon (D) – 85,507 (42%) $225,842*
    • Mark Alan Mastrogiovanni (write-in) – 7 (0%)
  • 2008 Republican primary
    • Judy Biggert – 58,533 (77%)
    • Sean O'Kane – 17,206 (23%)
  • 2008 general election{{cite web |author=Illinois State Board of Elections |year=2008 |title=Ballots cast, general election – 11/4/2008, 13th Congress |location=Springfield, Ill. |publisher=State Board of Elections
    • Judy Biggert (R) – 180,888 (54%) $1,585,536*
    • Scott Harper (D) – 147,430 (44%) $1,070,201*
    • Steve Alesch (Green) – 9,402 (3%)
    • Theodore Knapp (write-in) – 51 (0%)
  • 2010 Republican primary
    • Judy Biggert – 58,294 (100%)
  • 2010 general election
    • Judy Biggert (R) – $1,450,000**
    • Scott Harper (D) – $621,000**
  • campaign expenditures

** campaign contributions (through September 30, 2010)

Post-congressional career

On April 23, 2015, Illinois Governor Bruce Rauner appointed Biggert to the Education Labor Relations Board, which oversees the negotiation of teacher contracts.

Personal life

On September 21, 1963, she married Rody Patterson Biggert, Jr. Rody and Judy Biggert lived in Chicago, then Wilmette, before moving to Hinsdale in 1971, when Rody's mother sold them her home, the extensively remodeled 1864 mansion of Hinsdale's founder, William Robbins, in the Robbins Park Historic District. The Biggerts have four children: Courtney Caverly, Alison Cabot, Rody Biggert, and Adrienne Morrell, and nine grandchildren. Her husband, Rody, died in November 2018 after an 18-month long struggle with leukemia at the age of 82.

Since 2004, Biggert's youngest daughter Adrienne Morrell has been a registered lobbyist for Health Net, the sixth largest publicly traded for-profit managed healthcare company; previously Morrell was a lobbyist with America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP), the chief health insurance industry lobby, after having served as an aide to former seven-term Illinois 13th District U.S. Rep. Harris Fawell, Biggert's predecessor in Congress.

In 2008, multimillionaire Biggert was the second wealthiest—after U.S. Rep. Bill Foster (D-14)—in Illinois's 21-member Congressional delegation, and the 82nd wealthiest member in the U.S. House.

Biggert was president of the Junior Board of the Chicago Travelers Aid Society in 1969, and president of the Junior League of Chicago from 1976 to 1978, chairman of board of directors of the Visiting Nurse Association of Chicago in 1978, and president of the Oak School elementary school PTA in Hinsdale from 1976 to 1978. She was a member of the board of directors of the Salt Creek Ballet from 1990 to 1998. She was also a Sunday school teacher at Grace Episcopal Church in Hinsdale from 1974 to 1984, and an American Youth Soccer Organization assistant soccer coach in 1983.

References

References

  1. (August 11, 1939). "Walgreen Jr. is new head of drug chain". Chicago Tribune.
  2. "Judy Biggert ancestry". Freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com.
  3. Bascom, Jim. (July 9, 1956). "Summer". Chicago Tribune.
  4. Page, Eleanor. (January 16, 1977). "Biggert leads Junior League in new project". Chicago Tribune.
  5. Jouzaitis, Carol. (March 26, 1982). "Executives' wives have made coping a full-time job". Chicago Tribune.
  6. (December 2024). "Women in Congress}}{{Dead link".
  7. (2001). "CQ's politics in America 2002, the 107th Congress". Congressional Quarterly, Inc..
  8. (2001). "The almanac of American politics 2002".
  9. (2003). "CQ's politics in America 2004, the 108th Congress". Congressional Quarterly, Inc..
  10. (2003). "The almanac of American politics 2004".
  11. (2005). "CQ's politics in America 2006, the 109th Congress". Congressional Press.
  12. (2005). "The almanac of American politics 2006".
  13. (2007). "CQ's politics in America 2008, the 110th Congress". Congressional Press.
  14. (2007). "The almanac of American politics 2008".
  15. (2009). "The almanac of American politics 2010".
  16. (2009). "CQ's politics in America 2010, the 111th Congress". Congressional Press.
  17. (2010). "CQ 2009 almanac, 111th Congress, 1st session, vol. 65". CQ-Roll Call Group.
  18. "BIGGERT, Judy Borg {{!}} US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives".
  19. "Abortion Rights On Wish List". tribunedigital-chicagotribune.
  20. OnTheIssues.org. "Judy Biggert on the Issues".
  21. "The Voter's Self Defense System".
  22. "The Voter's Self Defense System".
  23. "Current Taxpayer Protection Pledge Signers".
  24. Lourgos, Angie Leventis. (October 22, 2010). "Congressional campaign is a rematch; Harper got 44% against Biggert in '08. Now he's back". Chicago Tribune.
  25. Doubek, Madeleine. (December 9, 1998). "Biggert makes presence felt at meeting on Social Security". Daily Herald (Arlington Heights).
  26. (September 23, 2010). "Candidate Questionnaires – U.S. House, Dist. 13: Judy Biggert". Chicago Sun-Times.
  27. Broder, John M.. (January 7, 1998). "Clinton proposes opening Medicare to those 55 to 65". The New York Times.
  28. Grady, William. (July 16, 1998). "Money pouring in for Biggert; candidates spar over donations in 13th District". Chicago Tribune.
  29. "The Voter's Self Defense System".
  30. Winfield, Paige. (November 2, 2008). "Will local voters be swayed by love for Obama or dislike for Blagojevich?"&p_field_advanced-0=title&p_text_advanced-0=(Will%20local%20voters%20be%20swayed%20by%20love%20for%20Obama%20)&xcal_numdocs=20&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&xcal_useweights=no). Naperville Sun.
  31. Toeplitz, Shira. [http://www.rollcall.com/issues/57_38/Race-Ratings-Illinois-Democrats-Map-Makes-GOP-Sweat-209254-1.html Race Ratings: Illinois Democrats' Map makes GOP Sweat]. [[Roll Call]], October 6, 2011.
  32. Illinois State Board of Elections. (1992). "State of Illinois official vote cast at the primary election, general primary March 17, 1992". State Board of Elections.
  33. Illinois State Board of Elections. (1992). "State of Illinois official vote cast at the general election November 3, 1992". State Board of Elections.
  34. Illinois State Board of Elections. (1994). "State of Illinois official vote cast at the primary election, general primary March 15, 1994". State Board of Elections.
  35. Illinois State Board of Elections. (1994). "State of Illinois official vote cast at the general election November 8, 1994". State Board of Elections.
  36. Illinois State Board of Elections. (1996). "State of Illinois official vote cast at the primary election, general primary March 19, 1996". State Board of Elections.
  37. Illinois State Board of Elections. (1996). "State of Illinois official vote cast at the general election November 5, 1996". State Board of Elections.
  38. Illinois State Board of Elections. (1998). "Ballots cast, general primary – 3/17/1998, 13th Congress". State Board of Elections.
  39. Illinois State Board of Elections. (2008). "Ballots cast, general primary – 2/5/2008, 13th Congress". State Board of Elections.
  40. Illinois State Board of Elections. (2010). "Ballots cast, general primary – 2/2/2010, 13th Congress". State Board of Elections.
  41. (April 3, 2015). "Rauner Names Judy Biggert to Teacher-Contracts Post". [[Daily Herald (Arlington Heights).
  42. Middleton, Mary. (February 26, 1963). "Lectures will benefit school; Borg-Biggert". Chicago Tribune.
  43. Page, Eleanor. (November 23, 1968). "Bridge leads to romance". Chicago Tribune.
  44. Page, Eleanor. (August 31, 1972). "Press feted in historic residence". Lakeside Press.
  45. (August 25, 1996). "Alison Biggert, Christopher Cabot". The New York Times.
  46. Sweet, Lynn. (November 17, 1998). "Finding their way around the House". Chicago Sun-Times.
  47. Kelley, Matt. (June 15, 2007). "Family Affair – House". Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington (CREW).
  48. Pearson, Rick. (November 18, 2018). "Rody Biggert, husband of former U.S. Rep. Judy Biggert, dies at 82".
  49. Jackson, Cheryl V.. (November 16, 2009). "Crunch takes toll on Congress, too; but they're still far better off than the average American, records show"&p_field_advanced-0=title&p_text_advanced-0=(Crunch%20takes%20toll%20on%20Congress)&p_bool_advanced-1=&p_field_advanced-1=&p_text_advanced-1=(%20too)&xcal_numdocs=20&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&xcal_useweights=no). Chicago Sun-Times.
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