Jonatana Napela

Life

Napela was born September 11, 1813, to Hawaiʻiwaaole and Wiwiokalani; his father descends from Kuahaliulani, one of the numerous sons of Kekaulike, king of Maui at the beginning of the 18th century. He was educated at Lahainaluna School.

Napela was trained as a lawyer. He was serving as a judge in Wailuku, Hawaii, when he met George Q. Cannon, a British-born American member of the LDS Church who was on a mission to Hawaii. After Napela's conversion to the LDS Church in 1851, the government forced the judge to resign from his position, since the church was regarded with suspicion.

LDS Church historian, Andrew Jensen, said that Napela "did splendid missionary work for the Church." Napela was sent on a specific mission in 1853 but, as was common in the early church, spent much of his time before that preaching the gospel. His faith inspired others. On one occasion, Cannon and other American elders had prayed for good weather but, thinking the weather would be poor, walked to hold the meeting in a building. Napela, who had been present at the prayers, expressed surprise at their lack of faith; they followed his lead and held the meeting in a grove of trees.

Later, Cannon returned to Hawaii to consult with natives on translating the Book of Mormon from English into the Hawaiian language. Beginning in January 1853, he worked with Napela on the translation, with Cannon first rendering the text of a few pages into Hawaiian. Then he would discuss the meaning of the pages with Napela. Then Cannon would ask Napela to explain the meaning of the translation to ensure the sense was being expressed.

Napela was a vigorous preacher for the LDS Church in the islands. In 1857, as Johnston's Army approached Utah, all American missionaries were recalled from Hawaii. A few years later, Walter M. Gibson came to Hawaii after having been appointed a missionary to Asia by Brigham Young. Gibson misrepresented the nature of his call to the Hawaiians, told them the church in Utah had been destroyed, and set himself up as the head of the church. He appointed Napaela as one of the members of his Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, with Napela serving as quorum president for two years. When Ezra T. Benson, Lorenzo Snow, Joseph F. Smith, William Cluff, and Alma Smith traveled to Hawaii to excommunicate Gibson and put the church back in order, Napela was persuaded to abandon Gibson and return to the fold of the church. In 1866, Napela traveled to Salt Lake City, where he met many other church leaders and members. A short time later, at a conference in HawaiI, Napela stated to the assembled members of the church that "We were deceived and led away by Gibson's cunning words and thereby have broken the sacred covenants we had made. But we are now undecieved; therefore, let us renew our covenants and be faithful."

In 1873, Napela's wife, Catherine "Kitty" Keliʻikuaʻāina Richardson, was diagnosed with leprosy. Under laws of the period requiring quarantine of persons with leprosy, she had to relocate to the settlement of the Kalaupapa Leper Colony on Molokai and he accompanied her. His wife was the only mixed-race woman of partial European descent admitted to the colony that year, with most residents being full-blooded Hawaiians.

Napela was appointed that year by the Board of Health as superintendent of the leper colony. He replaced Louis Lepart who had been driven out by a mob at the settlement.

Napela ran into trouble for failing to enforce the Board's demands for rigid segregation of lepers and non-lepers in the settlement and was replaced by William P. Ragsdale. For the rest of his life, he administered to members of the LDS Church at the colony. He died of leprosy on August 6, 1879.

Legacy and honors

• The Hawaiian Studies Center at Brigham Young University–Hawaii is named after Napela.
• In 2010, the Roman Catholic Church presented the Polynesian Cultural Center with a plaque commemorating Napelaʻs collaboration with Saint Damien, a well-known Belgian-born priest and missionary at the Kalaupapa settlement. They cooperated to serve the people of the settlement.

Notes

References

• "Jonathana Napela", in Garr, Arnold K. et al. Encyclopedia of Latter-day Saint History. (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2000) p. 816,
• Woods, Fred E. "An Islanders View of A Desert Kingdom: Jonathan Napela Recounts his 1869 Visit to Salt Lake City," BYU Studies, 2006.
• Maenette K. P. Benham, "The Story of the Hawaiian Studies Center on the Brigham Young University-Hawai‘i Campus", Journal of American Indian Education, Volume 41 Number 2 (Special Issue 2002)
• Pennie Moblo, "Ethnic Intercession: Leadership at Kalaupa Leprosy Colony, 1871-1887", Pacific Studies, Volume 22 Number 2 (June 1999)

References

1. Garr 2000 p. 816
2. [http://educationinzion.byu.edu/2013/01/18/ka-buke-a-moramona-the-translation-of-the-book-of-mormon-into-hawaiian/ ''Ka Buke a Moramona: The Translation of the Book of Mormon into Hawaiian''] {{Webarchive. link. (2016-10-22 , exhibit at Education in Zion Gallery, Brigham Young University, blog - 18 January 2013, accessed 25 October 2015)
3. Fred E. Woods. (2008). "Most Influential Mormon Islander: Jonathan Hawaii Napela". Hawaii Historical Society.
4. Edith Kawelohea McKinzie, Ishmael W. Stagner. (1986). "Hawaiian Genealogies: Extracted from Hawaiian Language Newspapers". University of Hawaii Press.
5. Mulholland, John F., ''Hawaii's Religions'', (Rutland, Vermont: Charles E. Tuttle Company, 1970) p. 119
6. "Napela, I office record". state of Hawaii.
7. Jenson, Andrew. ''Encyclopedic History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints''. (Salt Lake City: Deseret News Press, 1941) p. 323.
8. Mulholland, ''Hawaii's Religions'', p. 119
9. [[Fred Woods (historian). Woods, Fred E.]] (2006) "An Islanders View of A Desert Kingdom," p. 25
10. Mulholland, ''Hawaii's Religions'' p. 119
11. [[Matthew J. Grow]], et al. ''Saints'' Vol 2, ''No Unhallowed Hand'', [. 326-327
12. Jenson. ''Encyclopedic History'', p. 323
13. as quoted in Grow, et al., ''Saints'' Vol. 2, p. 328
14. John Tayman. ''The Colony''. New York: Scriner, 1006. p. 85-86.
15. Moblo, Pennie. "Ethnic Intercession: Leadership at the Kalaupapa Leprosy Colony," in ''Pacific Studies'' Vol. 22, no. 2, 1999 p. 34
16. Mike Foley, [https://web.archive.org/web/20150924122851/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/705384544/Catholic-Church-commends-PCC-in-honor-of-Napela.html?pg=all "Catholic Church commends PCC in honor of Napela"], ''[[Deseret News]]'', 14 May 2010.