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John of Toledo

English Cistercian and Cardinal

Field	Value
type	cardinal
honorific_suffix	O. Cist.
title	Cardinal-Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina
church	Roman Catholic
term	1262–1275
predecessor	Giacomo da Castell'Arquato
successor	Robert Kilwardby
other_post	Dean of the College of Cardinals
cardinal	28 May 1244
rank	Cardinal-Bishop
created_cardinal_by	Pope Innocent IV
death_date	1275
previous_post	Cardinal-Priest of San Lorenzo in Lucina (1244–62)

Little is known about John before 1244: He was born in England, had studied medicine in Toledo and acquired theological skills at an unknown place. He became a Cistercian monk in the French abbey of Clairvaux and together with other clerics while on the way to a synod in Rome, he was captured by the troops of Emperor Frederick II in 1241 and was his prisoner for about two years, together with another Cistercian, the cardinal bishop of Palestrina, Giacomo da Pecorara.

Created cardinal priest of San Lorenzo in Lucina in 1244 by Pope Innocent IV, he became bishop of Porto and Santa Rufina in 1262. He took part in the Papal election of 1268 to 1271 at Viterbo and was Dean of the College of Cardinals in January 1273.

He died in 1275.

References

Cf. Björn Gebert, Außerordentlich: Johann von Toledo OCist und seine Kontakte zu Kartäusern und anderen Ordensleuten. Ein Beitrag zur Beziehung zwischen Kartäuserorden und Kurie im 13. Jahrhundert, in: Hermann Josef Roth (ed.), Die Kartäuser im Blickpunkt der Wissenschaften. 35 Jahre internationale Treffen 23.-25. Mai 2014 in der ehemaligen Kölner Kartause (Analecta Cartusiana 310), Salzburg 2015, pp. 113-122, here 115f; Andreas Fischer, Kardinäle im Konklave. Die lange Sedisvakanz der Jahre 1268 bis 1271 (Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in rom 118), Tübingen 2008, pp. 56-72, here 56-58.
Bellenger, Dominic Aidan. (2001). "Princes of the Church: A History of the English Cardinals". Sutton.

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