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Johannes von Gmunden

German astronomer, mathematician and humanist

Field	Value
name	Johannes von Gmunden
birth_date	1380/84
birth_place	Gmunden, Duchy of Austria, Holy Roman Empire
death_date
death_place	Vienna, Duchy of Austria, Holy Roman Empire
nationality	Austrian
field	Astronomy
work_institutions	University of Vienna
education	University of Vienna (M.A., 1406)
academic_advisors	Heinrich von Langenstein
notable_students	Georg von Peuerbach
known_for	Astronomical tables

:Johannes von Gmünd is also the name of a 14th-century architect, see Basel Münster. Johannes von Gmunden (; c. 1380/84 – February 23, 1442) was a German astronomer, mathematician and humanist.

Biography

Johannes von Gmunden received the degree of a Master of Arts at the University of Vienna in 1406. From 1408, he was a lecturer at Vienna, lecturing on Aristotle's Physics (1408) and Meteora (1409, 1411), Peter of Spain (1410) and Algorismus de minutiis (1412). He fell seriously ill in 1412.

In 1415 and 1416 studied theology, completing a Bachelor of Theology in 1416. He continued lecturing only in 1419, on algorismus de integris. From 1420, Johannes was permitted to restrict his teaching to the specialized field of the mathematics of astronomy, focusing on Euclid's Elements and the Sphaera materialis of John Holywood. With the aid of students (Weidler's 1741 Historia astronomiae names Georg Pruneck of Ruspach, Georg of Neuenburg, Johannes Schinkel and Johannes Feldner) he compiled voluminous astronomical tables. In 1425, he was elected canon at St. Stephen's Cathedral. Georg von Peuerbach succeeded him at Vienna University in 1450.

John's origins are somewhat disputed. He was probably born in Gmunden, Upper Austria, but there were also suggestions connecting him with Gmünd, Lower Austria, or that he was a Swabian from Schwäbisch Gmünd who studied in Ulm in his youth, based on a document written at Ulm in 1404 by one "Johannes Wissbier de Gamundia".

Legacy

Asteroid 15955 Johannesgmunden is named after him.

Works

Astrolabii qui primi mobilis motus deprehendur canones (1515)

Notes

References

John Mundy, John of Gmunden, Isis, The History of Science Society (1943).

References

Hans Rupprich, Hedwig Heger, ''Die deutsche Literatur vom späten Mittelalter bis zum Barock: Das ausgehende Mittelalter, Humanismus und Renaissance : 1370-1520'', C.H. Beck, 1994, p. 464: "Wahrscheinlich nicht mehr unmittelbarer Schüler, wohl aber Fortsetzer der Tradition Langensteins war Johann von Gmunden († 1442), der Begründer der Wiener astronomischen Schule."
Christoph Schöner, ''Mathematik und Astronomie an der Universität Ingolstadt im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert'', Duncker & Humblot, 1994, p. 69.

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1380-births 1442-deaths people-from-gmunden 15th-century-austrian-astronomers 15th-century-german-astronomers 15th-century-austrian-mathematicians 15th-century-german-mathematicians austrian-expatriates-in-germany catholic-clergy-scientists 15th-century-german-writers burials-at-st.-stephen's-cathedral,-vienna

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