Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert

Early life and education

Jeanine Antoinette Plasschaert was born in Heerlen, Netherlands. She followed her secondary education at the St. Anthony's College in Gouda and studied at the European Secretarial Academy in Utrecht.

Political career

Member of the European Parliament, 2004–2010

In 2004 Hennis-Plasschaert was elected into the European Parliament for the VVD (European parliamentary affiliation: European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party) with 44,000 preference votes. In the European Parliament Hennis-Plasschaert was a member of the Committee on Transport and Tourism and a substitute for the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs. She also served as a member of the Delegation to the EU-Romania Joint Parliamentary Committee and a substitute for the Delegation to the EU–Turkey Joint Parliamentary Committee.

In May 2005 Hennis-Plasschaert filed a report for the European Parliament concerning the safety of airports. She argued that safety regulations against terrorist attacks should only apply for airports, and not for the neighbouring areas. Furthermore, the costs and safety regulations should not distort free competition. In February 2006 she asked questions concerning the code of conduct for the media set up by the European Commission after the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy. In March 2006 she wanted to enter Belarus to monitor the presidential election as an independent observer; however, she was refused entry.

In February 2010 Hennis-Plasschaert, as rapporteur on the issue, led the EP vote halting an EU-United States agreement which would have granted US authorities access to banking data of European citizens in the SWIFT network.

Career in national politics

Hennis-Plasschaert was put on the 4th place on her party's list for the Dutch general election of 2010 and became a member of the Dutch House of Representatives. She focused on matters of public safety, Dutch police, equality of treatment, LGBT rights, and emergency management. During the Dutch general election of 2012, she was number 4 on the list for the VVD and thus reelected. After the following cabinet formation she became the presumptive Minister of Defence for Cabinet Rutte II. In October 2015, she was named the most influential woman in the Netherlands.

Under Hennis-Plasschaert's leadership, the Netherlands committed in 2013 to purchasing 37 Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II fighter jets for about €4.5 billion to replace its ageing fleet of General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon.

From 2014, Hennis-Plasschaert oversaw the Dutch mission of six F-16 jet fighters that carried out airstrikes against Islamic State targets in Iraq. On 29 January 2016, she extended the airstrikes into Syria.

For the 2017 national elections, Hennis-Plasschaert was ranked number two on the VVD's candidate list. Later that year, however, the Dutch Safety Board published a report highlighting serious failures in the Ministry of Defence surrounding an artillery training accident in Mali that killed two Dutch peacekeeping troops and wounded a third. In the wake of the report, Hennis-Plasschaert ordered extra checks on ammunition and medical care for troops on missions. She also started to wind down the Dutch contribution to the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA), to which she had initially provided Boeing AH-64 Apache helicopters in 2013. Confronting continued criticism, however, she eventually announced her resignation after a debate in the House of Representatives on 3 October, handing in her resignation the following day. Her resignation came as negotiations to form a new third coalition government under Minister-President Mark Rutte entered their final phase.

In July 2023, in the aftermath of Prime Minister Mark Rutte's resignation from national politics and as leader of the VVD, Hennis declined to run to become the next Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy.

Career in the United Nations

In August 2018, Hennis-Plasschaert was appointed by United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres as his Special Representative for Iraq and Head of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI), thereby succeeding Ján Kubiš.

In December 2019, Hennis-Plasschaert called for renewed efforts to restore civil balance and protections for free speech.

In a joint statement with the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI), Hennis-Plasschaert strongly condemned the August killings of two activists and attacks against others in the southern city of Basra. She urged for increased efforts to bring the perpetrators to justice.

On 28 January 2021, she visited the Independent High Electoral Commission (IHEC) in Baghdad. On 31 January 2021, she met Ali Akbar Velayati in Tehran, Iran, where she discussed the upcoming Iraqi parliamentary election.

Hennis-Plasschaert was appointed Special Coordinator for Lebanon on 20 May 2024 as the successor of Joanna Wronecka.

She condemned the 2024 Lebanon pager explosions, saying "civilians are not a target and must be protected at all times".

Other activities

• Transatlantic Commission on Election Integrity (TCEI), Member (since 2018)
• World Economic Forum (WEF), Member of the Europe Policy Group (since 2017)
• World Economic Forum (WEF), Member of the Global Future Council on the Future of International Security

Personal life

She has been married to economist Erik-Jan Hennis since 27 September 2003 and has a stepson. They live in Nederhorst den Berg.

References

References

1. {{in lang. nl [http://www.rtl.nl/components/actueel/rtlnieuws/2012/10_oktober/25/binnenland/Kabinet_Rutte_II_de_belangrijkste_namen_voor_een_ministerspost.xml Rutte II: 'alle namen van het nieuwe kabinet'], RTL, 25 October 2012.
2. {{in lang. nl [http://nos.nl/artikel/434172-alle-ministers-zijn-nu-bekend.html 'Alle ministers zijn nu bekend'], NOS, 28 October 2012.
3. (3 October 2017). "Dutch defense minister resigns over peacekeepers' deaths in Mali". Reuters.
4. {{in lang. nl [http://nos.nl/video/147390-jeanine-hennisplasschaert-over-4de-plaats-op-vvdlijst.html Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert over 4de plaats op VVD-lijst] {{webarchive. link. (2010-04-04 , NOS, 30 March 2010)
5. {{in lang. nl [http://nos.nl/artikel/434562-de-bewindspersonen-van-het-tweede-kabinetrutte.html De bewindspersonen van het tweede kabinet-Rutte], NOS, 29 October 2012
6. {{in lang. nl [http://www.volkskrant.nl/opinie/-hennis-plasschaert-geeft-flamboyant-leiding~a4161792/ Hennis-Plasschaert geeft flamboyant leiding], Volkskrant, 12 October 2015
7. Matthew Steinglass (September 18, 2013), [https://www.ft.com/content/a2ba0cf8-1fa8-11e3-aa36-00144feab7de Lockheed Martin lands €4.5bn Dutch deal for F-35 fighter jets] ''[[Financial Times]]''.
8. (29 January 2016). "Netherlands to Extend Airstrikes Against Islamic State Into Syria". Wall Street Journal.
9. [https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/10/dutch-defence-minister-quits-mali-training-deaths-171004061537599.html Dutch defence minister quits over Mali training deaths] ''[[Al Jazeera Media Network. Al Jazeera]]'', October 4, 2017.
10. Anthony Deutsch (October 3, 2017), [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-netherlands-mali/dutch-defense-minister-resigns-over-peacekeepers-deaths-in-mali-idUSKCN1C82GW Dutch defence minister resigns over peacekeepers' deaths in Mali] ''[[Reuters]]''.
11. "J.A. (Jeanine) Hennis-Plasschaert".
12. Cynthia Kroet (October 3, 2017), [https://www.politico.eu/article/dutch-defense-minister-resigns-over-fatal-mali-incident/ Dutch defense minister resigns over fatal Mali incident] ''[[Politico Europe]]''.
13. (12 July 2023). "Justice Min. Yesilgöz wants to succeed Rutte as VVD leader {{!}} NL Times".
14. [https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/personnel-appointments/2018-08-31/ms-jeanine-hennis-plasschaert-netherlands-special Ms. Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert of the Netherlands - Special Representative for Iraq and Head of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI)] [[United Nations]], press release of 31 August 2018.
15. [https://news.un.org/en/story/2019/12/1052641 Protests and civil unrest show ‘renewed sense of patriotism’ in Iraq, UN envoy tells Security Council], UN.org., December 3, 2019.
16. [https://news.un.org/en/story/2019/12/1053011 Denouncing attacks against Baghdad protesters, UN warns ‘violence risks placing Iraq on dangerous trajectory], December 7, 2019.
17. (2020-08-21). "Iraq: UN Mission condemns killings of activists in Basra".
18. (28 January 2021). "UN Special Representative Hennis-Plasschaert visits IHEC, emphasizes elections will be Iraqi-led, Iraqi-owned".
19. (1 February 2021). "Iran ready to help Iraq, Leader's advisor tells UN envoy".
20. (20 May 2024). "Oud-minister Hennis wordt VN-gezant in Libanon".
21. (17 September 2024). "Pagers explode across Lebanon in attack targeting Hezbollah members, source says: Live updates". CNN.
22. [http://www.allianceofdemocracies.org/initiatives/the-campaign/press_release_tcei/ Transatlantic, bi-partisan Commission launched to prevent election meddling] {{Webarchive. link. (2022-10-03 [[Transatlantic Commission on Election Integrity]] (TCEI), press release of 11 May 2018.)
23. [http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Policy_Group_Members.pdf?ET_CID=2199827&ET_RID=001b000000npTqWAAU Europe Policy Group] [[World Economic Forum]].
24. [https://www.weforum.org/communities/the-future-of-international-security Global Future Council: The Future of International Security] [[World Economic Forum]].