Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam

History

Background

Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (jui-F) is a Deobandi organisation, part of the Deobandi movement. The JUI formed when members broke from the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind in 1945 after that organisation against the Muslim League's lobby for a separate Pakistan the Splinter member's formed the Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam as a breakaway faction of Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind and backed the Muslim League's idea of separate muslim nation, The Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam pledge allegiance to Muhammad Ali Jinnah and announce openly support to Pakistan movement under the leadership of Shabbir Ahmad Usmani, Who was the Deobandi Islamic scholar he was one of the founding members of Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi and a former member of the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind In 1944, he became a member of the Muslim League who supported the creation of Pakistan.

The original Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind was formed in British India in 1919. After the death of Shabbir Ahmad Usmani in 1949, his close associate Zafar Ahmad Usmani replaced him as head or Amir of JUH. Then Mufti Mahmud became Amir of this party in 1962 and remained its head until his death in 1980.

After the death of Mufti Mahmud, the group was further divided during Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq regime, namely Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (S) supporting Jihadism and a totalitarian state whereas Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F) supporting the movement for restoration of democracy in Pakistan.

Factions

• Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Bangladesh – headed by Zia Uddin, was founded in 1972 following the Bangladesh War of Independence.

Following the death of Mufti Mehmood Ahmed in 1980 JUI split in two:

• Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F) – headed by Fazal-ur-Rehman and to Moulana Fazal-ur-Rehman being successful in pleading before Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) to get his JUI-F faction renamed as JUI in March 2019. As of 2021 (at least) it was "the biggest religio-political party" in Pakistan, with "proven street power", and is still commonly referred to as JUI (F) despite being registered with the Election Commission of Pakistan as simply JUI.
• Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (S) – headed by Hamid Ul Haq Haqqani is of regional significance in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa but has no representation on the national level. Sami-ul-Haq was assassinated in 2018 but the group reportedly has much less support now. A faction known as JUI Nazryati split from JUI-F in 2007 and merged back again in 2016.
• Jamiat Ulama-e-Islam Nazryati – headed by Maulvi Asmatullah. JUI-N was open in its support for the Afghan Taliban and Al Qaeda, but suffered a severe defeat in the 2013 general election.
• Rabita Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam – headed by Muhammad Khan Sherani was established in December 2020 as a breakway faction of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F) (JUI-F) over rifts with Fazal-ur-Rehman, It has declared alliance with Imran Khan and his party, the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf, JUI Pakistan also supports Afghan Taliban led government in Afghanistan.

Electoral history

References

References

1. (4 January 2008). "Maulana Shabbir Ahmad Usmani's profile".
2. "Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Assembly of Islamic Clergy".
3. Micha’el M. Tanchum
4. Pirzada, Sayyid A. S.. (2000). "The politics of the Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam Pakistan : 1971-1977". Oxford University Press.
5. Rashid, Haroon. (2002-11-06). "Profile: Maulana Fazlur Rahman". BBC News.
6. John Pike. "Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam / Assembly of Islamic Clergy". Globalsecurity.org.
7. [https://www.dawn.com/news/800484 Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam - Fazal] Dawn (newspaper), Published 5 April 2013, Retrieved 3 March 2020
8. (1 January 2015). "Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (JUI) history".
9. Report, Recorder. (2020-03-17). "Renaming party: ECP accepts application of JUI-F".
10. (3 March 2022). "List of Enlisted Political Parties". [[Election Commission of Pakistan]].
11. (2018-11-04). "Maulana Sami's son named JUI-S acting chief". The Express Tribune (newspaper).
12. (2018-11-04). "Maulana Samiul Haq's son named acting JUI-S chief". Geo News.
13. (2019-02-11). "Maulana Hamidul Haq elected JUI-S ameer". The Nation (newspaper).
14. (10 January 2021). "A revolt within JUI-F".
15. (13 June 2022). "Maulana Sherani announces political alliance with PTI".