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James Douglas, 14th Earl of Morton

Scottish peer and astronomer (1702–1768)

James Douglas, 14th Earl of Morton
Summary

Scottish peer and astronomer (1702–1768)

FieldValue
honorific-prefixThe Right Honourable
nameThe Earl of Morton
honorific-suffixFRS
imageJames Douglas Davison.jpg
captionPortrait of Douglas with his family by Jeremiah Davison, 1740
office1President of the Royal Society
order116th
term_start11764
term_end11768
predecessor1George Parker
successor1James Burrow
birth_date
birth_placeEdinburgh, Scotland, UK
death_date

|honorific-prefix = The Right Honourable |honorific-suffix = FRS

Shield of arms of James Douglas, 14th Earl of Morton, KT, FRS

James Douglas, 14th Earl of Morton, KT, FRS (1702 – 12 October 1768) was a Scottish peer and astronomer who was president of the Philosophical Society of Edinburgh from its foundation in 1737 until his death in 1768. He also became president of the Royal Society on 24 March 1764, and was a distinguished patron of science, and particularly of astronomy.

He was born in Edinburgh as the son of George Douglas, 13th Earl of Morton and his second wife Frances Adderley. He graduated MA from King's College, Cambridge, in 1722. In 1746 he visited France, and was imprisoned in the Bastille, probably as a Jacobite. He had a long lasting tendency to protest against the actions of the British government.

Family

He was twice married: firstly to Agatha, daughter of James Halyburton of Pitcur, Forfarshire, by whom he was the father of three sons, two of whom died young, and three daughters. The second son, Sholto Douglas, 15th Earl of Morton, succeeded him. Secondly, on 31 July 1755, at St James's Church, Piccadilly, he married Bridget, daughter of Sir John Heathcote, Bt., of Normanton, who bore him a son, John (b. 4 July 1756), and a daughter, Bridget (b. 3 May 1758). His wife, Bridget, outlived him by thirty-seven years.

Legacy

Moreton Bay in Queensland, Australia, was named after Lord Morton by Lieutenant James Cook (the spelling being an error in the published account of Cook's voyage in ). Lord Morton had been influential in obtaining a grant of £4,000 to finance the voyage. With regards the native populations of the places he might visit, Cook was instructed by the Earl, with what are now called his "Hints": "To check the petulance of the Sailors, and restrain the wanton use of Fire Arms.

To have it still in view that sheding the blood of those people is a crime of the highest nature – They are human creatures, the work of the same omnipotent Author, equally under his care with the most polished European perhaps being less offensive; more entitled to his favor.

They are the natural, and in the strictest sense of the word, the legal possessors of the several Regions they inhabit.

No European nation has the right to occupy any part of their country, or settle among them without their voluntary consent. Conquest over such people can give no just title: because they could never be the Aggressors."

References

References

  1. Emerson, Roger L.. (1985). "The Philosophical Society of Edinburgh 1768–1783". Cambridge University Press.
  2. Anita Guerrini, [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/7900 'Douglas, James, fourteenth earl of Morton (1702–1768)'], ''[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]'', Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Oct 2005. Retrieved 26 August 2008. So also the original ''DNB''
  3. {{acad
  4. {{cite DNB
  5. ''The Register of Marriages solemnized in the Parish Church of St James within the Liberty of Westminster & County of Middlesex. 1754–1765.'' 31 July 1755.
  6. ''The Register of Births & Baptisms in the Parish of St James within the Liberty of Westminster Vol. IV. 1741–1760''. 22 July 1756.
  7. ''The Register of Births & Baptisms in the Parish of St James within the Liberty of Westminster Vol. IV. 1741–1760''. 29 May 1758.
  8. {{Cite QPN. 22810. Moreton Bay
  9. King, Michael: The Penguin History of New Zealand, location 1237/6839 Kindle edition, Penguin Books 2003.
  10. "Hints offered to the consideration of Captain Cook".
  11. "Longitude © (1999)".
Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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