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Israel Washburn Jr.

American politician (1813–1883)

Summary

American politician (1813–1883)

Field	Value
name	Israel Washburn Jr.
image	Israel Washburn, Jr. - Brady-Handy.jpg
order1	29th Governor of Maine
term_start1	January 2, 1861
term_end1	January 7, 1863
predecessor1	Lot M. Morrill
successor1	Abner Coburn
state2	Maine
district2	5th
term_start2	March 4, 1853
term_end2	January 1, 1861
preceded2	Ephraim K. Smart
succeeded2	Stephen Coburn
state3	Maine
district3	6th
term_start3	March 4, 1851
term_end3	March 3, 1853
preceded3	Charles Stetson
succeeded3	Thomas J. D. Fuller
birth_date
birth_place	Livermore, Massachusetts, U.S. (now Maine)
death_date
death_place	Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
party	Whig
Republican
signature	Signature of Israel Washburn Jr. (1813–1883).png

Republican

Israel Washburn Jr. (June 6, 1813 – May 12, 1883) was a United States political figure who was the 29th governor of Maine from 1861 to 1863. Originally a member of the Whig Party, he later became a founding member of the Republican Party. In 1842, Washburn served in the Maine House of Representatives.

In 1854, angry over the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, Washburn called a meeting of 30 members of the US House of Representatives to discuss forming what became the Republican Party. Republican gatherings had taken place in Wisconsin and Michigan earlier in the year, but Washburn's meeting was the first in the U.S. Capital, and among U.S. Congressmen. He was probably also the first politician of his rank to use the term "Republican", in a speech at Bangor, Maine on June 2, 1854. Washburn represented the district which included Bangor and the neighboring town of Orono, Maine, where he had his home and law office.

Biography

Born in 1813 in Livermore (in modern-day Maine, then a part of Massachusetts) to a prominent political family, Washburn spent his life in politics. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the Thirty-first Congress in 1848; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses, as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses. He served from March 4, 1851, to January 1, 1861, when he resigned, having been elected Governor.

He was Chairman of the Committee on Elections (Thirty-fourth Congress). He organized the Maine Republican Party from 1854 onward. He was the 29th Governor of Maine from 1861 to 1863. During the American Civil War, he helped recruit Federal troops from Maine. In 1862, he attended the Loyal War Governors' Conference in Altoona, Pennsylvania, which ultimately gave Abraham Lincoln support for his Emancipation Proclamation.

In 1863, Lincoln appointed Washburn Collector of the Port of Portland, a position he held until 1877. Washburn was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1882.

Washburn was the brother of Elihu B. Washburne, Cadwallader C. Washburn, William D. Washburn, Samuel Benjamin Washburn, and Charles Ames Washburn. He died in 1883 in Philadelphia and is buried at the Mount Hope Cemetery in Bangor, Maine.

The town of Washburn, Maine is named in his honor.

Notes

References

Hanson, Mary E. Hanson.:, In memoriam. Israel Washburn Jr: born June 5, 1813, died May 12, 1883 (1884).
Gienapp, William E.:, The Origins of the Republican Party (Oxford, 1987), p. 89.

References

"Maine State Law and Legislative Reference Library-Maine Legislators Database".
William E. Gienapp, ''The Origins of the Republican Party'' (Oxford, 1987), p. 89
"Israel Washburn Jr., Portland, ca. 1860".
"American Antiquarian Society Members Directory".

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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