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International recognition of Israel

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International recognition of Israel
Summary

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[[file:Countries recognizing Israel.svg|thumb|400x450px| ]]

As of January 2026, the State of Israel is recognized as a sovereign state by 166 of the other 192 member states of the United Nations, or approximately 86% of all UN members. The State of Israel was formally established by the Israeli Declaration of Independence on 14 May 1948, and was admitted to the United Nations (UN) as a full member state on 11 May 1949. It also maintains bilateral ties with all of the UNSC Permanent Five. 29 member states have either never formally recognized Israel or have withdrawn their recognition; others have severed diplomatic relations without explicitly withdrawing their recognition. Additionally, many non-recognizing countries have challenged Israel's existence—predominantly those in the Muslim world—due to significant animosity stemming from the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and the Arab–Israeli conflict.

History

On 14 May 1948, the Israeli Declaration of Independence declared the establishment a Jewish state in part of the former British Mandate of Palestine, with borders formally established by the Green Line of the 1949 Armistice Agreements at the end of the 1948 Palestine war. The Arab League was opposed to any partition and to the establishment of Israel, and an Arab coalition jointly invaded the territory of the newly formed country one day after its independence, sparking the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

Following Israel's establishment, the Israeli provisional government was established to govern the Yishuv; and while military operations were still in progress, it was promptly granted de facto recognition by the United States, followed by Iran (which had voted against the Partition Plan), Guatemala, Iceland, Nicaragua, Romania, and Uruguay. The Soviet Union was the first country to grant de jure recognition to Israel on 17 May 1948, followed by Nicaragua, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, and Poland. The United States extended de jure recognition after the first Israeli election, on 31 January 1949.

By the late 1960s, Israel had established diplomatic relations with almost all of the countries of Western Europe, North America, South America, and Sub-Saharan Africa combined.

To put additional diplomatic, economic, and military pressure on Israel in the wake of the 1967 Arab–Israeli War, oil-producing Arab countries imposed an oil embargo on countries that had bilateral relations with Israel. As a result, many African and Asian countries broke off their ties with Israel. The Soviet Union also shifted its support in favour of the Arab cause against Israel during this time, leading most countries of the Eastern Bloc to sever diplomatic ties in 1967; these included the Soviet Union itself, as well as Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Bulgaria. Other countries in the Soviet sphere of influence, such as the People's Republic of China and Mongolia, also did not establish relations with Israel. Diplomatic relations with these countries were restored or established following the collapse of the Eastern Bloc in 1989. The Soviet Union restored relations in October 1991, and new countries that had gained independence after the dissolution of the Soviet Union also recognised Israel in their own right. China established relations in January 1992.

On 1 September 1967, the then-eight members of the Arab League issued the Khartoum Resolution, which included three pledges that forbade recognition, peace, and negotiations with Israel. However, Egypt, Jordan, and Mauritania gradually recognized Israel, though Mauritania broke off ties and withdrew recognition in 2010. As part of the 2020 Abraham Accords, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Sudan, and Morocco all established normalized bilateral ties with Israel. Pressure was again exerted by the Arab League after the 1973 Arab–Israeli War, which led Cuba, Mali, and the Maldives to break off ties with Israel. Niger severed bilateral ties with Israel during the Second Intifada, and Venezuela broke off ties after the 2008–2009 Gaza War.

Following Israel's recognition of and entering into negotiations with the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), many African, Asian, and Arab countries either restored or established diplomatic relations with Israel. The Vatican began a bilateral relationship with Israel in 1994. Some countries{{efn| Countries that broke or suspended diplomatic relations with Israel in 2006 during the Lebanon War:

  • Egypt maintained diplomatic relations despite condemning the war.
  • Jordan maintained diplomatic relations despite condemning the war.
  • Venezuela — withdrew its ambassador in protest against Israeli military actions. Countries that broke or suspended diplomatic relations with Israel mainly in response to the 2007 blockade of the Gaza Strip and subsequent military operations:
  • Bolivia severed diplomatic relations with Israel in January 2009, condemning the blockade and military actions.
  • Mauritania expelled the Israeli ambassador and suspended diplomatic relations in March 2009, protesting Israel's Gaza policies.
  • Venezuela, which had already protested Israel over Lebanon in 2006, further condemned the Gaza blockade and downgraded relations around 2009.}} broke or suspended relations during the 2006 Lebanon War and after the blockade of the Gaza Strip. Although Guinea broke diplomatic ties with Israel in 1967, Israel's extensive support for Guinea during its fight against an Ebola virus epidemic led to the re-establishment of bilateral relations in 2016. Nicaragua restored relations in March 2017; Chad did likewise in January 2019. The most recent country to establish diplomatic relations with Israel was Bhutan, on 12 December 2020.

United Nations membership

On 15 May 1948, one day after its independence, Israel applied for membership with the United Nations (UN), but the application was not acted on by the Security Council. Israel's second application was rejected by the Security Council on 17 December 1948 by a 5-to-1 vote, with 5 abstentions. Syria was the sole negative vote; the United States, Argentina, Colombia, the Soviet Union, and the Ukrainian SSR voted in favour; and Belgium, the United Kingdom, Canada, China, and France abstained.

Israel's application was renewed in 1949 after the first Israeli election. By Security Council Resolution 69 on 4 March 1949, the UN Security Council voted 9-to-1 in favour of Israeli membership, with Egypt voting against and the United Kingdom abstaining. Those voting in favour were China, France, the United States, the Soviet Union, Argentina, Canada, Cuba, Norway, and the Ukrainian SSR.

On 11 May 1949, the UN General Assembly, by the requisite two-thirds majority of its then-58 members, approved the application to admit Israel to the UN by General Assembly Resolution 273. The vote in the General Assembly was 37 to 12, with 9 abstentions. Those that voted in favour of Israel were: Argentina, Australia, Bolivia, the Byelorussian SSR, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, France, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Iceland, Liberia, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, the Philippines, Poland, the Ukrainian SSR, South Africa, the Soviet Union, the United States, Uruguay, Venezuela, and Yugoslavia. Those that voted against were six of the then-seven members of the Arab League (Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Yemen) as well as Afghanistan, Burma, Ethiopia, India, Iran, and Pakistan. Those abstaining were: Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, El Salvador, Greece, Siam, Sweden, Turkey, and the United Kingdom. Many of the countries that voted in favour or had abstained had already recognized Israel before the UN vote, at least on a de facto basis. Of these countries, Cuba and Venezuela have since withdrawn recognition.

Present situation

Countries that reject passports from Israel and any other passport that contains Israeli stamps or visas}}

, 166 of the 192 other member states of the United Nations (UN) recognize Israel. 26 UN member states do not formally recognize Israel: 14 members of the Arab League (Algeria, Comoros, Djibouti, Iraq, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Syria, Tunisia, and Yemen); 10 non-Arab members of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Brunei, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Niger, and Pakistan); and 2 other members Cuba and North Korea. In 2002, the Arab League proposed the recognition of Israel by Arab countries as a pathway towards a resolution of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict under the Arab Peace Initiative. Following the Abraham Accords, which were signed in September 2020 between Israel and the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain, the Palestinian National Authority condemned any Arab agreement with Israel as dishonourable, describing them as a betrayal to the Palestinian cause and a blow to their quest for an independent Palestinian state.

The passports of some countries are not valid for travel to Israel, including Bangladesh, Brunei, Iran, Iraq, and Pakistan. Thirteen countries do not accept Israeli passports: Algeria, Bangladesh, Brunei, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Yemen. Some of these countries also do not accept passports of other countries whose holder has an Israeli visa or stamp on it. The stamp may be a visa stamp, or a stamp on entry or departure. Because of these issues, Israeli immigration controls do not stamp passports with an entry visa, instead issuing a separate insert which is discarded on departure. However, a stamp of another country which indicates that the person has entered Israel may frustrate that effort. For example, if an Egyptian departure stamp is used in any passport at the Taba Border Crossing, that is an indication that the person entered Israel, and a similar situation arises for land crossings into Jordan. Some countries also ban direct flights and overflights to and from Israel. In August 2020, the United Arab Emirates permitted direct flights from Israel, and Saudi Arabia and Bahrain authorized overflights for such flights. On 8 October 2020, Israel and Jordan reached an agreement to allow flights to cross over both countries' airspace.

States that recognize Israel

UN member states

#StateDate of de facto recognitionDate of de jure recognitionNotes
—Diplomatic relations established on 20 August 1991.
—
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Date diplomatic relations established
—
—Date diplomatic relations established
—
Date diplomatic relations established. Prior to that, the two countries had maintained consular relations since 1950. Legations were upgraded to embassy status in 1959.
—Date diplomatic relations established.
On , an agreement was signed to normalize relations.
—Date diplomatic relations established
Date diplomatic relations established
—
—last=Ehlingerfirst=Maijadate=2023-11-14title=Belize suspends diplomatic ties with Israel, renews call for 'immediate ceasefire'url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/11/14/world/belize-suspends-diplomatic-ties-israel-ceasefire/index.htmlaccess-date=2023-11-16work=CNNarchive-date=2023-11-16archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116022055/https://www.cnn.com/2023/11/14/world/belize-suspends-diplomatic-ties-israel-ceasefire/index.htmlurl-status=live }}
—title=Bilateral Relations: Historical Overviewurl=http://abidjan.mfa.gov.il/mfm/web/main/document.asp?SubjectID=2010&MissionID=20&LanguageID=171&StatusID=0&DocumentID=-1access-date=5 August 2011language=frarchive-date=28 March 2012archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120328132753/http://abidjan.mfa.gov.il/mfm/web/main/document.asp?SubjectID=2010&MissionID=20&LanguageID=171&StatusID=0&DocumentID=-1url-status=live}}
—Date diplomatic relations established
Relations severed in January 2009, and restored in November 2019. Relations severed in 2023 during the Gaza war, but restored again in December 2025.
—Date diplomatic relations established
After the war in 1973, Botswana was one of only five countries in Africa that did not break off relations with Israel.
—
—Relations severed on 10 June 1967, and restored on 3 May 1990.
—title=Burkina Faso Fact Fileurl=http://www.iss.co.za/AF/profiles/BurkinaFaso/burkina_index.htmlpublisher=Institute for Security Studiesaccess-date=24 September 2011url-status=deadarchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402022345/http://www.iss.co.za/AF/profiles/BurkinaFaso/burkina_index.htmlarchive-date=2 April 2012}}
Relations severed in May 1973, and restored in March 1995.
—last=Yaacobifirst=Gadauthor-link=Gad Yaacobiurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=iWkzKAMOs88C&pg=PA215title=Breakthrough: Israel in a changing worldpublisher=Associated University Pressesyear=1996isbn=978-0-8453-4858-1page=215access-date=2011-08-05archive-date=2024-05-06archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506131054/https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=iWkzKAMOs88C&pg=PA215&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=falseurl-status=live }}
—date=1986-08-27title=Israel, Cameroon Restore Ties After 13-Year Breaknewspaper=Los Angeles Timesurl=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-08-27-mn-14197-story.htmlaccess-date=2011-10-16archive-date=2018-12-24archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224210732/http://articles.latimes.com/1986-08-27/news/mn-14197_1_cameroonurl-status=live }}
—
—Date diplomatic relations established
Relations were severed in October 1973, were resumed in January 1991.
—author=Mathews, K.title=Tanzania, the Middle East and Afro-Arab co-operationjournal=Taamulivolume=10issue=2year=1980publisher=Department of Political Science, East African Literature Bureaupage=12}} In 2005, reports emerged of a mutual intention to renew diplomatic relations.See the following:
—
—author=Abadi, Jacobtitle=Israel's quest for recognition and acceptance in Asiayear=2004publisher=Psychology Presspages=54–62isbn=978-0-7146-5576-5}}
—On 1 May 2024, president Gustavo Petro announced Colombia would break diplomatic ties with Israel, describing Israel's siege of Gaza as a "genocide".
—
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Date diplomatic relations established. They had been agreed to on 17 August 1960, but final establishment was postponed due to pressure from Arab nations.
—title=Israel's Diplomatic Missions Abroad: Status of relationsurl=http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/About+the+Ministry/Diplomatic+missions/Israel-s+Diplomatic+Missions+Abroad.htmaccess-date=5 August 2011archive-date=5 August 2011archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805075305/http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/About%20the%20Ministry/Diplomatic%20missions/Israel-s%20Diplomatic%20Missions%20Abroadurl-status=live}}
—author=Kisanganifirst1=Emizet F.title=Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congolast2=Bobbfirst2=F. Scottpublisher=Scarecrow Pressyear=2010isbn=978-0-8108-5761-2page=29}}
—Date diplomatic relations established
—
—
—
Signatory to the Khartoum Resolution. Later became the first Arab state to recognize Israel, with the Egypt–Israel peace treaty.
—
title=Africa research bulletin: Political, social, and cultural series, 31year=1994publisher=Blackwellurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=XbqMAAAAIAAJpage=1348quote=Equatorial Guinea re-established diplomatic relations with Israel on January 6th.access-date=2015-12-15archive-date=2024-05-02archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502114934/https://books.google.com/books?id=XbqMAAAAIAAJurl-status=live}}
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Date diplomatic relations established
—
—Prior to de jure recognition, Ethiopia maintained consular relations with Israel since 1956. Relations were broken in October 1973, and resumed in November 1989.
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Date diplomatic relations established
—
title=Israel yearbook and almanac, 38-39year=1994publisher=IBRT Translation/Documentation Ltdurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=VDAuAQAAIAAJaccess-date=2015-12-15archive-date=2024-05-02archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502114829/https://books.google.com/books?id=VDAuAQAAIAAJurl-status=live}}—Relations severed in October 1973, and resumed in September 1993.
—Relations severed in October 1973, and resumed in September 1992
—Date diplomatic relations established
(West Germany before 3 October 1990)Date diplomatic relations established. Prior to this, Germany signed the Reparations agreement with Israel. East Germany never had diplomatic relations with Israel during its existence.
—Relations broken in October 1973, and resumed in August 1994
Date diplomatic relations established
—Date diplomatic relations established
—
—Broke diplomatic relations with Israel on 12 June 1967, and restored relations on July 20, 2016.
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Broke off relations in March 1974, restored in March 1992.
Date diplomatic relations established
title=Palestine affairsyear=1948publisher=American Zionist Emergency Councilurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=I8MMAQAAMAAJaccess-date=2015-12-15archive-date=2024-05-02archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502114832/https://books.google.co.in/books?id=I8MMAQAAMAAJ&redir_esc=yurl-status=live}}
author=Peasleefirst=Amos Jenkinsurl=https://archive.org/details/constitutionsofn02peastitle=Constitutions of Nations: France to Polandpublisher=Rumford Pressyear=1950page=269access-date=4 August 2011}}Relations broken in 1967, and restored on 19 September 1989.
—
last=Eliashfirst=Shulamiturl=https://books.google.com/books?id=PRCAAgAAQBAJtitle=The Harp and the Shield of David: Ireland, Zionism and the State of Israeldate=2007-04-05publisher=Routledgeisbn=978-0-415-35035-8pages=73}}
Date diplomatic relations established. Prior to this date, it had maintained trade relations since 15 February 1961. Relations severed in November 1973, and resumed in February 1986.
Date diplomatic relations established
—
—Signatory to the Khartoum Resolution. Recognized Israel in the Israel–Jordan peace treaty.
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Severed relations in November 1973, resumed in December 1988.
—Date diplomatic relations established
—
—Date diplomatic relations established. Laos broke off relations in 1973, and restored them on 6 December 1993.
—Date diplomatic relations established
—
Relations severed in November 1973, and resumed in August 1983.
—
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Relations severed in October 1973, and resumed in January 1994.
—Date diplomatic relations established
Date diplomatic relations established
—
—Diplomatic relations suspended 6 March 2009, severed 21 March 2010. No withdrawal of recognition stated.
—Diplomatic relations severed July 1976, restored September 1993.
—
—
—
—
title=Israel's Diplomatic Missions Abroad: Status of relationsurl=https://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/abouttheministry/pages/israel-s%20diplomatic%20missions%20abroad.aspxaccess-date=2021-10-20website=www.mfa.gov.ilarchive-date=2015-02-04archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204142343/https://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/abouttheministry/pages/israel-s%20diplomatic%20missions%20abroad.aspxurl-status=live}} On 10 December 2020, an agreement was announced to normalize relations.
—
—Date full diplomatic relations established
author=Yaacobifirst=Gadurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=nRQMAQAAMAAJtitle=Breakthrough: Israel in a changing worldpublisher=Longmanyear=1994quote=Israel and Namibia established diplomatic relations on Feb. 11. Namibia was the 12th country to establish relations with Israel since 1993access-date=5 August 2011archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502115439/https://books.google.com/books?id=nRQMAQAAMAAJarchive-date=2 May 2024url-status=live}}—
—
—Date diplomatic relations established. First South Asian nation to establish diplomatic ties with Israel.
—url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-will-renew-diplomatic-ties-with-nicaragua/title=Israel to renew diplomatic ties with Nicaraguadate=March 29, 2017newspaper=Times of Israelaccess-date=March 29, 2017archive-date=March 29, 2017archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329015255/http://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-will-renew-diplomatic-ties-with-nicaragua/url-status=live}} Relations suspended again in October 2024.
Relations broken in October 1973, were resumed in May 1992.
—Date diplomatic relations established
Date Norway recognized Israel
—
—
—1978
—
—Relations were broken in 1967, restored in February 1990.
—Date diplomatic relations established. Broke relations on 31 December 1972, resumed in August 1991.
title=AMBASADA ROMÂNIEI în Statul Israeltrans-title=EMBASSY OF ROMANIA in the State of Israelurl=http://telaviv.mae.ro/index.php?lang=ro&id=33957url-status=deadarchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071224191959/http://telaviv.mae.ro/index.php?lang=ro&id=33957archive-date=24 December 2007access-date=17 April 2016language=ro}}
—Recognition extended as part of the Soviet Union. Relations broken in 1967, restored on 19 October 1991.
—Relations severed in October 1973, and restored in October 1994.
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Date diplomatic relations established
—
—Date diplomatic relations established
Date diplomatic relations established. Relations broken in October 1973, and resumed in August 1994.
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Relations broken in October 1973, and resumed in May 1992.
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Recognition extended under Czechoslovakia. Relations under Czechoslovakia were severed between June 1967 and February 1990. Diplomatic relations with Slovakia were established 1 January 1993.
—
—
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Date given is the date full diplomatic relations were established.
—On 23 October 2020, an agreement was announced to normalize relations.
—
—
—Relations broken in October 1973, and resumed in February 1995.
—Relations severed in September 1973, and restored in June 1987.
—Date diplomatic relations established
Date diplomatic relations established
Downgraded ties with Israel to second secretary level in September 2011, and restored full diplomatic relations in June 2016.
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Broke relations on 30 March 1972, and restored in July 1994.
On , an agreement was signed to normalize relations.
First country to recognize Israel.
—First Latin American country to recognize Israel.
—Date full diplomatic relations established
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Relations severed in January 2009. No withdrawal of recognition stated.
—Date diplomatic relations established
—Relations broken in October 1973, and resumed in December 1991.
—Date diplomatic relations established

Non-UN member states

#StateDate of recognitionNotes
Holy See
KosovoKosovo recognised Israel as part of the Kosovo and Serbia economic normalization agreements (2020). Diplomatic relations established on February 1, 2021.
title=Israel's Diplomatic Missions Abroad: Status of relationsurl=https://mfa.gov.il/MFA/AboutTheMinistry/Pages/Israel-s%20Diplomatic%20Missions%20Abroad.aspxwebsite=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Israelaccess-date=2019-01-20archive-date=2021-11-29archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211129170312/http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/AboutTheMinistry/Pages/Israel-s%20Diplomatic%20Missions%20Abroad.aspxurl-status=live }}
Palestinedate=January 2026}}
SomalilandIsrael is the first UN member state to recognize Somaliland as a sovereign and independent state following its declaration in 1991.
TaiwanIsrael and Taiwan maintain close relations, though Israel does not recognize Taiwan as a country.

States that do not recognize Israel

Legend:

  • - states that have never formally recognized Israel

  • - states that have withdrawn recognition of Israel

UN Member States

#StateDate of de facto recognitionDate of de jure recognitionNotes
Afghanistan——Does not accept Israeli passports. Holders of passports containing any Israeli visa or stamp will be refused entry.
——Does not accept Israeli passports.
——Does not accept Israeli passports, and Bangladeshi passports are not valid for travel to Israel.
——Does not accept Israeli passports, and Brunei passports are not valid for travel to Israel
——
Cuba severed relations in September 1973, and the most recent government does not recognize it.
——
——Does not accept Israeli passport holders without an invitation from the Directorate General of Immigration. Holders of passport can only enter Indonesia through airports in Denpasar (DPS), Jakarta (CGK/HLP), and Surabaya (SUB).
—author=Leafirst=Davidtitle=A Political Chronology of the Middle Eastdate=2001page=103publisher=Psychology Pressisbn=978-1-85743-115-5}} Does not accept Israeli passports, Holders of passports containing any Israeli visa or stamp will be refused entry.
——Does not accept Israeli passports, except for Kurdistan Region where visa is required for passengers without a signed and stamped letter issued by the Ministry of Interior of the Kurdistan Regional Government if arriving at Erbil (EBL) and Sulaymaniyah (ISU).
——last=Timesfirst=Vinaytitle=Kuwait remains fully committed to the war decree against the Zionist gangswebsite=TimesKuwaitdate=2023-11-13url=https://timeskuwait.com/news/kuwait-remains-fully-committed-to-the-war-decree-against-the-zionist-gangs/access-date=2025-04-17}}
——For a few months in 1983 and 1984, Lebanon did recognize Israel in the May 17 Agreement. However, Lebanon revoked the agreement in March 1984.}}
——Does not accept Israeli passports. Holders of passports containing any Israeli visa or stamp will be refused entry.
——Does not admit Israeli passport holders without written permission from the government. Malaysian passports not valid for travel to Israel without permission from the government.
—Diplomatic relations suspended in 1974. Cooperation agreements in 2009 did not develop into full diplomatic relations and were terminated in 2014. Since 15 April 2025, Maldives does not accept Israeli passports for entry into the country.
—Diplomatic relations severed 5 January 1973.
——Relations severed on 4 January 1973.
—North Korea and Israel held talks in 1993, but the talks were halted under pressure from the United States. See Israel–North Korea relations for more details.
—A degree of relations established in January 1996. Closed Israeli office and suspended relations in October 2000. Accepts Israeli passports for transit only, does not accept for admission.
——Does not accept Israeli passports, and Pakistani passports are not valid for travel to Israel.
—In April 1996, Qatar and Israel agreed to exchange trade representation offices. Trade offices closed in February 2009.
Does not accept Israeli passports for admission in Qatar, except during the 2022 FIFA World Cup.
Qatar has hosted Israeli delegations for negotiations between Israel and Hamas during the Gaza war to facilitate ceasefires in the war.
date=21 January 2023title=Saudi Arabia: 'No normalisation with Israel without Palestine state'url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20230121-saudi-arabia-no-normalisation-with-israel-without-palestine-state/website=Middle East Monitoraccess-date=21 January 2023language=en-GBarchive-date=21 January 2023archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230121113710/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20230121-saudi-arabia-no-normalisation-with-israel-without-palestine-state/url-status=live }}——Does not accept Israeli passports, however there are some exceptions. Israeli Muslims may get a temporary Jordanian passport to enter the country for Hajj or Umrah purposes only and since 2020, Israeli businesspeople can obtain a special visa in order to enter the country.
——
——Does not accept Israeli passports. Holders of passports containing any Israeli visa or stamp will be refused entry.
—Joint declaration of relations made in January 1996. Closed the Israeli representative office and suspended relations in October 2000.
——Does not accept Israeli passports. Holders of passports containing any Israeli visa or stamp will be refused entry.

Notes

References

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