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Icy moon

Natural satellite with a surface mainly composed of ice

Natural satellite with a surface mainly composed of ice

Icy moons are a class of natural satellites with surfaces composed mostly of ice. An icy moon may harbor an ocean underneath the surface, and possibly include a rocky core of silicate or metallic rocks. It is thought that they may be composed of ice II or other polymorph of water ice. The prime example of this class of object is Europa.

Icy moons warmed by tides may be the most common type of celestial body in the galaxy to have liquid water, and thus the most likely type of object to possibly have water-based life.

Some icy moons exhibit cryovolcanism, as well as geysers. The best studied example is Saturn's Enceladus.

Orbits

Most known large icy moons belong to giant planets, whose orbits lie beyond the Solar System's frost line; the remainder (such as Charon and Dysnomia) formed around dwarf planets such as Pluto and , typically in large impacts not unlike the impact thought to have formed Earth's moon. In the case of icy gas giant satellites, an additional requirement is that a moon did not form in the inner region of a proto-satellite disk, which is too warm for ices to condense.

Europa is thought to contain 8% ice and water by mass with the remainder rock. Jupiter's outer two Galilean moons Ganymede and Callisto contain more ice since they formed further from the hot proto-Jupiter.

Saturn's moon Titan looks and behaves more like Earth than any other body in the Solar System.{{cite web |author1-link=Rosaly Lopes |archive-date=2009-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090926080025/http://www.iau.org/public_press/news/detail/iau0915/ |url-status=dead

Images

Image:PIA01130 Interior of Europa.jpg|Europa is thought to have a subsurface ocean. Image:Ganymede-moon.jpg|False-color image of Ganymede Image:Callisto VGR2 C2060635 OGB.png|Callisto showing frost deposits Image:Mimas moon.jpg|Mimas has a density of 1.1 g/cm3. Image:Successful Flight Through Enceladus Plume.jpg|Active plumes on Enceladus Image:Titan multi spectral overlay.jpg|False-color image of Titan showing surface and atmospheric details Miranda mosaic in color - Voyager 2.png|Miranda has a scarred surface. File:PIA00040 Umbrielx2.47.jpg|A potential frost deposit on Umbriel's pole Image:Tritoncloud.jpg|A cloud over the limb of Triton

References

References

  1. (January 2023). "The Physical Oceanography of Ice-Covered Moons". Annual Review of Marine Science.
  2. Chaplin, Martin. (2007-10-26). "Ice-two structure". Water Structure and Science.
  3. (2024-10-12). "Can Life Exist on an Icy Moon? NASA's Europa Clipper Aims to Find Out – NASA".
  4. (2008). "Origin of Europa and the Galilean Satellites".
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