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Hyoglossus

Muscle of the tongue

Field	Value
Name	Hyoglossus
Latin	musculus hyoglossus
Image	Hyoglossus.png
Caption	Extrinsic muscles of the tongue. Left side. (Hyoglossus visible at center.)
Width	150
Image2	Hyoglossal muscle.PNG
Caption2	Muscles of the neck. Anterior view. Hyoglossal muscle in purple
Origin	Hyoid
Insertion	Side of the tongue
Action	Depresses and retracts the tongue
Nerve	Hypoglossal (CN XII)

The hyoglossus is a thin and quadrilateral extrinsic muscle of the tongue. It originates from the hyoid bone; it inserts onto the side of the tongue. It is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (cranial nerve XII). It acts to depress and retract the tongue.

Structure

It forms a part of the floor of submandibular triangle.

Origin

from the side of the body and from the whole length of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone. The fibers arising from the body of the hyoid bone overlap those from the greater cornu.

Insertion

Its fibres pass almost vertically upward to enter the side of the tongue, inserting between the styloglossus and the inferior longitudinal muscle of the tongue.

Relations

Structures that are medial/deep to the hyoglossus are the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), the stylohyoid ligament and the lingual artery and lingual vein.

The lingual vein passes medial to the hyoglossus. The lingual artery passes deep to the hyoglossus.

Laterally, in between the hyoglossus muscle and the mylohyoid muscle, lay several important structures (from upper to lower): sublingual gland, submandibular duct, lingual nerve, vena comitans of hypoglossal nerve, and the hypoglossal nerve. Note, posteriorly, the lingual nerve is superior to the submandibular duct and a portion of the submandibular salivary gland protrudes into the space between the hyoglossus and mylohyoid muscles.

Function

The hyoglossus depresses and retracts the tongue and makes the dorsum more convex.

Additional images

Image:Gray186.png|Hyoid bone. Anterior surface. Enlarged. Image:Gray385.png|Muscles of the neck. Lateral view. Image:Gray513.png|The internal carotid and vertebral arteries. Right side. Image:Gray778.png|Distribution of the maxillary and mandibular nerves, and the submaxillary ganglion. Image:Gray794.png|Hypoglossal nerve, cervical plexus, and their branches. Image:Gray1020.png|Coronal section of tongue, showing intrinsic muscles. File:Slide3ss.JPG|Hyoglossus muscle

References

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

muscles-of-the-head-and-neck tongue

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