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Horseshoe Falls

Largest portion of Niagara Falls on the United States–Canada border

Summary

Largest portion of Niagara Falls on the United States–Canada border

Field	Value
name	Horseshoe Falls
photo	Aerial view of the Canadian Falls (Horseshoe Falls) and the Hornblower Niagara Cruises boat; Niagara Falls.JPG
photo_width	275
coordinates
location	Border of Ontario, Canada, and New York, United States. Canada to the right in the photo.
height	167 ft
width	2700 ft
watercourse	Niagara River
type	Cataract

Horseshoe Falls is the largest of the three waterfalls that collectively form Niagara Falls on the Niagara River along the Canada–United States border. Approximately 90% of the Niagara River, after diversions for hydropower generation, flows over Horseshoe Falls. The remaining 10% flows over American Falls and Bridal Veil Falls. It is located between Terrapin Point on Goat Island in the US state of New York, and Table Rock in the Canadian province of Ontario. These falls are also referred to as the Canadian Falls.

International border

1819 Boundary Commission map of the International Boundary Line cutting through Horseshoe Falls

When the boundary line between the United States and Canada was determined in 1819, based on the Treaty of Ghent, the northeastern end of the Horseshoe Falls was in New York, United States, flowing around the Terrapin Rocks, which were once connected to Goat Island by a series of bridges. In 1955, the area between the rocks and Goat Island was filled in, creating Terrapin Point. In the early 1980s the United States Army Corps of Engineers filled in more land and built diversion dams and retaining walls to force the water away from Terrapin Point. Altogether, 400 ft of the Horseshoe Falls was eliminated. Due to erosion, the Falls will continue to move in relation to the boundary line in the future, possibly altering territorial boundaries between the two countries.

The official national maps for both Canada and the United States indicate that a smaller portion of the Horseshoe Falls currently is located within the United States.

Gallery

File:Canadian Falls, Niagara Falls (470655) (9450082470).jpg|Overview File:15 23 1033 niagara.jpg|Horseshoe Falls at night File:Horseshoe Falls, viewed from Table Rock Centre in Niagara Falls, Ontario.jpg|Horseshoe Falls, viewed from Table Rock Centre in Niagara Falls, Ontario File:Behind Horseshoe Falls from the Canadian side.jpg|alt=from a platform behind the falls.|View from beside and behind Horseshoe Falls File:Horseshoe Falls 2017.ogg|Horseshoe Falls, viewed from the Maid of the Mist tour boat File:Horseshoefallsonel.jpg|A view of Horseshoe Falls with the Canadian flag at night

References

"Niagara Falls".
"The international boundary line may pass through the Horseshoe Falls just beyond Terrapin Tower Point, so that the United States are not entitled to as large a portion as Canada of the Horseshoe Falls, which is admittedly not all Canadian." Statement of Mr. J Boardman Scovell. ''Preservation of Niagara Falls: hearings on the subject of H.R. 26688, Sixty-first Congress, second session, relating to the control and regulation of the waters of Niagara River and the preservation of Niagara Falls, held before the Committee on Rivers and Harbors of the House of Representatives.'' U.S. G.P.O., 1911
(2021). "Canadian Falls". Info Niagara.
(22 April 2013). "The Canadian Encyclopedia".
Berton, Pierre. (2009). "Niagara: A History of the Falls". SUNY Press.
(September 12, 2016). "The Atlas of Canada". Government of Canada.
"National Map of the United States". United States Geological Survey.

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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