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Hongotoxin

Scorpion toxin

Hongotoxin (HgTX) is an ion channel toxin, which blocks Shaker-type (Kv1) K+ channels. The toxin is derived from the venom of Centruroides limbatus, a Central American scorpion found meanly in Costa Rica, Honduras and Panama.

Chemistry

Hongotoxin belongs to the short scorpion toxin superfamily. Potassium channel inhibitor family. Alpha-KTx 2 subfamily.

There are five subtypes known of the hongotoxin peptide. HgTX1 is 39 amino acids long and shows an overall amino acid sequence homology of 89% to margatoxin (MgTX).

Target

Hongotoxin (HgTX) targets are Shaker-type (Kv1) K+ channels.

HgTX1 shows high affinity with Kv1.1, Kv1.2, Kv1.3 voltage-gated potassium channels, but much lower affinity with Kv1.6 (see table 1 and 2).

HgTX2, HgTX3, HgTX4 and HgTX5 are potent selective inhibitors of Kv1 voltage-gated potassium channels (By similarity).

IC50	Kv1.1	Kv1.2	Kv1.3	Kv1.6
table 1
HgTX1	31	170	86	6,000
MgTx	144	675	230	ND

ND, not determined. All measurements in pM

Ki	Kv1.1	Kv1.2	Kv1.3	Kv1.6
table 2
HgTX1	0.08	0.09	0.24	8.7
MgTx	0.52	0.21	0.31	9.4

All measurements in pM

Mode of action

The mode of action is not yet known.

References

(January 1998). "Subunit composition of brain voltage-gated potassium channels determined by hongotoxin-1, a novel peptide derived from Centruroides limbatus venom". The Journal of Biological Chemistry.
Rein, Jan Ove. "''Centruroides limbatus''". The Scorpion Files.
[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/34925057 Hongotoxin-2]
[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/34925059 Hongotoxin-3]
[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/34925062 Hongotoxin-4]
[https://web.archive.org/web/20241201170929/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/34925065 Hongotoxin-5]

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

neurotoxins ion-channel-toxins scorpion-toxins

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