Holorime

In French

In French poetry, rime richissime ("very rich rhyme") is a rhyme of more than three phonemes. A holorime is an extreme example. For example (Marc Monnier): Also called rime multimillionnaire (see https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/rime_millionnaire )

:Gall, amant de la Reine, alla, tour magnanime ! (Gallus, the Queen's lover, went – a magnanimous gesture! –) :Gall amant de la Reine a l'atour magnanime ! (Gallus the Queen's lover has magnanimous looks! -Proper version-! –) :Galamment de l'Arène à la Tour Magne, à Nîmes. (Gallantly from the Arena to the Great Tower, at Nîmes.)" :

Another notable French exponent of the holorime was Alphonse Allais:

:Par les bois du djinn, où s'entasse de l'effroi, (By the woods of the djinn, where fear abounds,) :Parle et bois du gin, ou cent tasses de lait froid. (Talk and drink gin, or a hundred cups of cold milk.) :

French lends itself to humorous wordplay because of its large number of heterographic homophones: :Ma mère est maire de Mamers, et mon frère est masseur. (My mother is the mayor of Mamers, and my brother is a masseur.) :Ma mère est mère de ma mère, et mon frère est ma sœur. (My mother is my mother's mother, and my brother is my sister.) :

:Lundi et mardi, mercredi, jeudi, vendredimanche, samedi (Monday and Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Frisunday, Saturday.) :L'un dit, et m'a redit mercredi, « Je dis, vendre dix manches, ça me dit ! » (Someone said, and repeated it to me on Wednesday, "I say, selling ten sleeves, I'd like that!") :

In Japanese

A type of holorime in which the meaning changes based on where word boundaries are placed in the phrase is known as ginatayomi in Japanese. The word itself is a ginatayomi since it arises from a misreading:

: Benkei ga, naginata wo motte 弁慶が、長刀を持って (Benkei, take the naginata) : Benkei gana, ginata wo motte 弁慶がな、ぎなたを持って (Oi Benkei, take the ginata)

These words are consequently also known as Benkei-yomi. Ginata is a nonsense word, but in many famous examples, the meaning of the phrase changes based on the word boundaries:

:Pan tsukutta koto aru? パン作ったことある？ (Have you ever made bread?) :Pantsu kutta koto aru? パンツ食ったことある？ (Have you ever eaten underpants?)

:Koko de hakimono wo nuite kudasai ここで履物を脱いでください (Please take off your shoes here) :Koko dewa kimono wo nuite kudasai ここでは着物を脱いでください (Please take off your clothes here)

Other examples

A mondegreen (or in Japanese soramimi) is a holorime generated by misheard song lyrics, such as mishearing "'scuse me while I kiss the sky" as "'scuse me while I kiss this guy."

A homophonic translation is a holorime or near-holorime where the two homophonic or near-homophonic readings come from different languages, such as "Humpty Dumpty" in English and "Un petit d'un petit" in French. Homophonic translations are a specific form of macaronic wordplay.

French author Raymond Roussel described his writing process as a method of connecting two sentences that were holorimes of each other, "I chose two similar words. For example, billard (billiard) and pillard (looter). Then I added to it words similar but taken in two different directions, and I obtained two almost identical sentences thus. The two sentences found, it was a question of writing a tale which can start with the first and finish by the second."

Notes

References

References

1. [[飯間浩明]]『重要度順 「伝わる文章」を書く技術だれでも・今すぐ実践できるコツ60』[[新星出版社]]、2015年3月発行、63頁。{{ISBN2. 978-4405102538。
2. "Meaning of Ginatayomi".
3. (1978). "Upon the Pun: Dual Meaning in Words and Pictures". W.H. Allen.
4. Jack Richardson. (2016-10-18). "Dajare: 13 Types of Japanese Puns and How to Use Them to Practice Japanese".
5. (1997-02-28). "Holorime".
6. (1997-11-29). "Oronyms".