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general/hla-dr-haplotypes

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HLA-DR3

HLA-DR3 is composed of the HLA-DR17 and HLA-DR18 split 'antigens' serotypes. DR3 is a component gene-allele of the AH8.1 haplotype in Northern and Western Europeans. Genes between B8 and DR3 on this haplotype are frequently associated with autoimmune disease. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with HLA-DR3 or HLA-DR4. Nearly half the US population has either DR3 or DR4 (only 1–3% have both), yet only a small percentage (about 0.5%) of these individuals will develop type 1 diabetes.

Serology

Some DR3 also react with HLA-DR17 and/or HLA-DR18. The DRB1*03:04 primarily reacts with DR3. The serotypes of *03:05, *03:06, *03:08 to *03:31 are unknown.

Disease associations

By serotype

HLA-DR3 is associated with early-age onset myasthenia gravis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis (along with DR5), primary sclerosing cholangitis, and opportunistic infections in AIDS, but lowered risk for cancers. It is also associated with membranous glomerulonephritis

By allele

DRB1*03:01 (see HLA-DR17)

DRB1*03:02 (See HLA-DR18)

DRB1*03:04 is associated with Graves disease

By haplotypes

DR3 and/or DQ2 is associated with Moreen's ulceration, "bout onset" multiple sclerosis, Graves' disease and systemic lupus erythematosus

DR3-DQ2 linkage is associated with coeliac disease, dermatitis herpetiformis, Diabetes mellitus type 1. DR3-DQ2 is the serological marker for HLA-DQ2.5cis isoform. Although it cannot identify the alpha ".5" chain of HLA DQ, DQA105:01 gene is almost always found within the DR3-DQ2 haplotype Eurasia (however in older studies DQA105:05 is commonly confused with DQA1*05:01)

Genetic linkage

DR3 is genetically linked to HLA-DR52, DRB3*02:02 allele, and HLA-DQ2 (DQ2.5).

References

References

  1. [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/imgt/hla/allele.html derived from IMGT/HLA]
  2. Wiencke K. (2007). "Primary sclerosing cholangitis is associated with extended HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR6 haplotypes". Tissue Antigens.
  3. (1984). "HLA-A,B,C and DR antigen frequencies in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with opportunistic infections". Hum. Immunol..
  4. (1990). "HLA antigen frequencies in HIV-1-related Kaposi's sarcoma". J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr..
  5. Weil, Leonora. (2014). "Quick Reference Guide to Medicine and Surgery". Mosby: Elsevier.
  6. (Jul 1999). "Association of the large multifunctional proteasome (LMP2) gene with Graves' disease is a result of linkage disequilibrium with the HLA haplotype DRB10304-DQB102-DQA1*0501". Clinical Endocrinology.
  7. (2000). "HLA and Mooren's ulceration". Br J Ophthalmol.
  8. (1998). "Major histocompatibility complex class II alleles and the course and outcome of MS: a population-based study". Neurology.
  9. (1993). "MHC-extended haplotypes in families of patients with Graves' disease". Hum Immunol.
  10. (1999). "Synergetic effect between interleukin-1 receptor antagonist allele (IL1RN*2) and MHC class II (DR17,DQ2) in determining susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus". Lupus.
  11. (March 2000). "Novel associations among HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles, revealed by high-resolution sequence-based typing (SBT)". Tissue Antigens.
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