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HLA-A24

Human leukocyte antigen serotype

Summary

Human leukocyte antigen serotype

Field	Value
isoformgroup	HLA-A24
polymer_type	MHC Class I, A cell surface antigen
image	HLA-A24.png
image_source	Rendering of : , , and .
protein_type	transmembrane receptor/ligand
structure	αβ heterodimer
subunit_genes	HLA-A*24--, β2-microglobulin
linkout	HAwA
alias	HL-A9
isoformCount	2
subunit1	allele
nick1	A24
images1
allele1a	2402
nick2	A9.3
allele2a	2403

HLA-A24 (A24) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within HLA-A serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of α24 subset of HLA-A α-chains. For A24, the alpha, "A", chain are encoded by the HLA-A allele group and the β-chain are encoded by B2M locus. This group currently is dominated by A*24:02. A24 and A are almost synonymous in meaning. A24 is a split antigen of the broad antigen HLA-A9 and it is a sister serotype of HLA-A23.

A*24:02 has one of the highest "A" frequencies identified for a number of peoples, including Papua New Guineans, Indigenous Taiwanese (Eastern Tribals), Yupik and Greenland [Aleuts]. It is common over much of Southeastern Asia. In Eurasia it is least common in Ireland, and A24 is relatively uncommon in Africa except North Africa and Kenya.

Serotype

There are over 90 known A24 alleles, 69 code for different isoforms and 7 are nulls. A24:03 can also be detected as A2403 serotype.

Associated disease

A24 has a secondary risk factor for myasthenia gravis, Buerger's disease. It is also associated with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Alleles

A*24:02 is a secondary risk factor, alters type 1 diabetes risk, and allele associated with thymoma-induced myasthenia gravis.

Haplotypes

1 Cw4. 2 Cw9.

A24-Cw7-B39

A24-Cw10-B60

A24-Cw10-B61

A24-B48

A24-Cw4-B35

This particular haplotype is common across a fairly wide region, possibly the most widely spread A-Cw-B haplotype in humans. Cw4-B35 has a node within the region once referred to as Thracia/Dacia.

A24-Cw*14-B51

	Italian	0.6

References

(February 1978). "The genetic control of HLA-A and B antigens in somatic cell hybrids: requirement for beta2 microglobulin". Tissue Antigens.
(June 1999). "Correlation of thymic pathology with HLA in myasthenia gravis". Clinical Immunology.
(1986). "HLA in Buerger's disease". Experimental and Clinical Immunogenetics.
(July 1997). "Soluble HLA class I antigens in patients with type I diabetes and their family members". Human Immunology.
(July 2012). "Circulating preproinsulin signal peptide-specific CD8 T cells restricted by the susceptibility molecule HLA-A24 are expanded at onset of type 1 diabetes and kill β-cells". Diabetes.
(November 2003). "Soluble HLA-I (s-HLA-I) synthesis in systemic lupus erythematosus". Rheumatology International.
(February 2004). "HLA-A*2402 and a microsatellite (D6S248) are secondary independent susceptibility markers to ankylosing spondylitis in Basque patients". Human Immunology.
(August 2002). "The HLA class I A locus affects susceptibility to type 1 diabetes". Human Immunology.
(June 2006). "Combination of HLA-A24, -DQA1*03, and -DR9 contributes to acute-onset and early complete beta-cell destruction in type 1 diabetes: longitudinal study of residual beta-cell function". Diabetes.
(1992). "HLA 1991: proceedings of the eleventh International Histocompatibility Workshop and Conference, held in Yokohama, Japan, 6-13 November, 1991". Oxford University Press.

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

hla-a-alleles

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