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Heterotremata

Clade of crabs

Summary

Clade of crabs

Heterotremata (from Ancient Greek ἕτερος (héteros), meaning "different", and τρῆμα (trêma), meaning "hole") is a clade of crabs, comprising those crabs in which the genital openings are on the sternum in females, but on the legs in males. It comprises 68 families in 28 superfamilies.

Evolution

Heterotremata is the sister group to Thoracotremata within the clade Eubrachyura, having diverged during the Cretaceous period. Eubrachyura itself is a subset of the larger clade Brachyura, which consists of all "true crabs". A summary of the high-level internal relationships within Brachyura can be shown in the cladogram below:

The internal relationships within Heterotremata are less certain, with many of the superfamilies found to be invalid. The proposed cladogram below is from analysis by Tsang et al, 2014:

Superfamilies

  • Aethroidea
  • Bellioidea
  • Bythograeoidea
  • Calappoidea
  • Cancroidea
  • Carpilioidea
  • Cheiragonoidea
  • Corystoidea
  • Dairoidea
  • Dorippoidea
  • Eriphioidea
  • Gecarcinucoidea
  • Goneplacoidea
  • Hexapodoidea
  • Leucosioidea
  • Majoidea
  • Orithyioidea
  • Palicoidea
  • Parthenopoidea
  • Pilumnoidea
  • Portunoidea
  • Potamoidea
  • Pseudothelphusoidea
  • Pseudozioidea
  • Retroplumoidea
  • Trapezioidea
  • Trichodactyloidea
  • Xanthoidea

However, recent studies have found the following superfamilies and families to not be monophyletic, but rather paraphyletic or polyphyletic:

  • The superfamilies Calappoidea, Eriphioidea, and Goneplacoidea are polyphyletic
  • The superfamily Potamoidea is paraphyletic with respect to Gecarcinucoidea, which is resolved by placing Gecarcinucidae within Potamoidea
  • The Majoidea families Epialtidae, Mithracidae and Majidae are polyphyletic with respect to each other
  • The Xanthoidea family Xanthidae is paraphyletic with respect to Panopeidae

References

References

  1. (2009). "A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans". [[Raffles Bulletin of Zoology]].
  2. (2014). "Evolutionary History of True Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) and the Origin of Freshwater Crabs". [[Oxford University Press ]].
  3. (24 April 2019). "A phylogenomic framework, evolutionary timeline and genomic resources for comparative studies of decapod crustaceans". Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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