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Hemoglobinuria

Abnormally increased hemoglobin in urine

Field	Value
name	Hemoglobinuria
synonyms	Haemoglobinuria
image	1GZX Haemoglobin.png
caption	Structure of hemoglobin
field	Urology, nephrology
symptoms	Disease, Hemolytic anemia, Proteinuria
causes	Acute glomerulonephritis; Burns; Renal cancer; Malaria; Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria; Microangiopathies, e.g. hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) leading to microangiopathic hemolytic anemia; Transfusion reactions; IgM autoimmune hemolytic anemia; Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency; Pyelonephritis; Sickle cell anemia; Tuberculosis of the urinary tract; March hemoglobinuria secondary to repetitive impacts on the body, usually the feet; Athletic nephritis secondary to strenuous exercise; Acute lead poisoning

Hemoglobinuria is a condition in which the oxygen transport protein hemoglobin is found in abnormally high concentrations in the urine. The condition is caused by excessive intravascular hemolysis, in which large numbers of red blood cells (RBCs) are destroyed, thereby releasing free hemoglobin into the plasma. Excess hemoglobin is filtered by the kidneys, which excrete it into the urine, giving urine a purple color. Hemoglobinuria can lead to acute tubular necrosis which is an uncommon cause of a death of uni-traumatic patients recovering in the ICU.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis is often made based on the medical history, blood samples, and a urine sample. The absence of urine RBCs and RBC casts microscopically despite a positive dipstick test suggests hemoglobinuria or myoglobinuria. The medical term for RBCs in the urine is hematuria.

References

(2003). "Hemoglobinuria". Practical Algorithms in Pediatric Hematology and Oncology.
(30 September 2020). "What causes hemoglobinuria?".

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

abnormal-clinical-and-laboratory-findings-for-urine

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