Surf Wiki
Save to docs
general/ticks

From Surf Wiki (app.surf) — the open knowledge base

Haemaphysalis

Genus of ticks

Summary

Genus of ticks

Haemaphysalis is a genus of hard ticks. It is the second largest genus in the family Ixodidae, after Ixodes, and the largest genus of the Metastriata. Haemaphysalis ticks are found on all continents and across all major zoogeographical regions, except Antarctica, although most species are found in the Oriental and Afrotropical regions. Approximately 80% of the species are present in Asia and Africa, with significantly less species diversity in Europe and the Americas. Haemaphysalis species primarily parasitise birds and mammals.

Description

Haemaphysalis are very small, elliptical ticks. They are best distinguished by the significant lateral salience on palpal article II, which extends beyond the margin of the basis capitulum. They are eyeless, with short mouthparts.

Taxonomy

Haemaphysalis contains 170 species distributed across 8 subgenera (Aboimisalis, Aborphysalis, Allophysalis, Haemaphysalis, Herpetobia, Kaiseriana, Ornithophysalis, Segalia) although the phylogeny of the genus is unresolved, with most subgenera being polyphyletic. The former subgenera Alloceraea and Sharifiella have been recently elevated to full generic genus rank.

Species

  • Haemaphysalis aborensis Warburton, 1913
  • Haemaphysalis aciculifer Warburton, 1913
  • Haemaphysalis aculeata Lavarra, 1904
  • Haemaphysalis adleri Feldman-Muhsam, 1951
  • Haemaphysalis anomala Warburton, 1913
  • Haemaphysalis anomaloceraea Teng, 1984
  • Haemaphysalis anoplos Hoogstraal, Uilenberg & Klein, 1967
  • Haemaphysalis asiatica (Supino, 1897)
  • Haemaphysalis atheruri Hoogstraal, Trapido & Kohls, 1965
  • Haemaphysalis bancrofti Nuttall & Warburton, 1915
  • Haemaphysalis bandicota Hoogstraal & Kohls, 1965
  • Haemaphysalis bartelsi Schulze, 1938
  • Haemaphysalis bequaerti Hoogstraal, 1956
  • Haemaphysalis birmaniae Supino, 1897
  • Haemaphysalis bispinosa Neumann, 1897
  • Haemaphysalis bochkovi Apanaskevich & Tomlinson, 2019
  • Haemaphysalis borneata Hoogstraal, 1971
  • Haemaphysalis bremneri Roberts, 1963
  • Haemaphysalis burkinae Apanaskevich & Tomlinson, 2019
  • Haemaphysalis calcarata Neumann, 1902
  • Haemaphysalis calva Nuttall & Warburton, 1915
  • Haemaphysalis camicasi Tomlinson & Apanaskevich, 2019
  • Haemaphysalis campanulata Warburton, 1908
  • Haemaphysalis canestrinii (Supino, 1897)
  • Haemaphysalis capricornis Hoogstraal, 1966
  • Haemaphysalis caucasica Olenev, 1928
  • Haemaphysalis celebensis Hoogstraal, Trapido & Kohls, 1965
  • Haemaphysalis chordeilis (Packard, 1869)
  • Haemaphysalis cinnabarina Koch, 1844
  • Haemaphysalis colesbergensis Apanaskevich & Horak, 2008
  • Haemaphysalis concinna Koch, 1844
  • Haemaphysalis cooleyi Bedford, 1929
  • Haemaphysalis cornigera Neumann, 1897
  • Haemaphysalis cornupunctata Hoogstraal & Varma, 1962
  • Haemaphysalis cuspidata Warburton, 1910
  • Haemaphysalis dangi Phan Trong, 1977
  • Haemaphysalis danieli Černý & Hoogstraal, 1977
  • Haemaphysalis darjeeling Hoogstraal & Dhanda, 1970
  • Haemaphysalis davisi Hoogstraal, Dhanda & Bhat, 1970
  • Haemaphysalis demidovae Emel'yanova, 1978
  • Haemaphysalis doenitzi Warburton & Nuttall, 1909
  • Haemaphysalis elliptica (Koch, 1844)
  • Haemaphysalis elongata Neumann, 1897
  • Haemaphysalis erinacei Pavesi, 1884
  • Haemaphysalis eupleres Hoogstraal, Kohls & Trapido, 1965
  • Haemaphysalis filippovae Bolotin, 1979
  • Haemaphysalis flava Neumann, 1897
  • Haemaphysalis formosensis Neumann, 1913
  • Haemaphysalis fossae Hoogstraal, 1953
  • Haemaphysalis fujisana Kitaoka, 1970
  • Haemaphysalis galidiae Apanaskevich & Goodman, 2020
  • Haemaphysalis garhwalensis Dhanda & Bhat, 1968
  • Haemaphysalis mariae Apanaskevich, 2024
  • Haemaphysalis goral Hoogstraal, 1970
  • Haemaphysalis grochovskajae Kolonin, 1992
  • Haemaphysalis heinrichi Schulze, 1939
  • Haemaphysalis hirsuta Hoogstraal, Trapido & Kohls, 1966
  • Haemaphysalis hispanica Gil Collado, 1938
  • Haemaphysalis hoodi Warburton & Nuttall, 1909
  • Haemaphysalis hoogstraali Kohls, 1950
  • Haemaphysalis horaki Apanaskevich & Tomlinson, 2019
  • Haemaphysalis houyi Nuttall & Warburton, 1915
  • Haemaphysalis howletti Warburton, 1913
  • Haemaphysalis humerosa Warburton & Nuttall, 1909
  • Haemaphysalis hylobatis Schulze, 1933
  • Haemaphysalis hyracophila Hoogstraal, Walker & Neitz, 1971
  • Haemaphysalis hystricis Supino, 1897
  • Haemaphysalis indica Warburton, 1910
  • Haemaphysalis indoflava Dhanda & Bhat, 1968
  • Haemaphysalis intermedia Warburton & Nuttall, 1909
  • Haemaphysalis japonica Warburton, 1908
  • Haemaphysalis juxtakochi Cooley, 1946
  • Haemaphysalis kadarsani Hoogstraal & Wassef, 1977
  • Haemaphysalis kashmirensis Hoogstraal & Varma, 1962
  • Haemaphysalis kinneari Warburton, 1913
  • Haemaphysalis knobigera Prakasan & Ramani, 2007
  • Haemaphysalis koningsbergeri Warburton & Nuttall, 1909
  • Haemaphysalis kopetdaghica Kerbabaev, 1962
  • Haemaphysalis kumaonensis Geevarghese & Mishra, 2011
  • Haemaphysalis kutchensis Hoogstraal & Trapido, 1963
  • Haemaphysalis kyasanurensis Trapido, Hoogstraal & Rajagopalan, 1964
  • Haemaphysalis lagostrophi Roberts, 1963
  • Haemaphysalis lagrangei Larrousse, 1925
  • Haemaphysalis laocayensis Phan Trong, 1977
  • Haemaphysalis leachi (Audouin, 1826)
  • Haemaphysalis lemuris Hoogstraal, 1953
  • Haemaphysalis leporispalustris (Packard, 1869)
  • Haemaphysalis lobachovi Kolonin, 1995
  • Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann, 1901
  • Haemaphysalis luzonensis Hoogstraal & Parrish, 1968
  • Haemaphysalis madagascariensis Colas-Belcour & Millot, 1948
  • Haemaphysalis mageshimaensis Saito & Hoogstraal, 1973
  • Haemaphysalis megalaimae Rajagopalan, 1963
  • Haemaphysalis megaspinosa Saito, 1969
  • Haemaphysalis menglaensis Pang, Chen & Xiang, 1982
  • Haemaphysalis minuta Kohls, 1950
  • Haemaphysalis mjoebergi Warburton, 1926
  • Haemaphysalis montgomeryi Nuttall, 1912
  • Haemaphysalis moreli Camicas, Hoogstraal & El Kammah, 1972
  • Haemaphysalis moschisuga Teng, 1980
  • Haemaphysalis muhsamae Santos Dias, 1954
  • Haemaphysalis nadchatrami Hoogstraal, Trapido & Kohls, 1965
  • Haemaphysalis nepalensis Hoogstraal, 1962
  • Haemaphysalis nesomys Hoogstraal, Uilenberg & Klein, 1966
  • Haemaphysalis norvali Hoogstraal & Wassef, 1983
  • Haemaphysalis novaeguineae Hirst, 1914
  • Haemaphysalis obesa Larrousse, 1925
  • Haemaphysalis obtusa Dönitz, 1910
  • Haemaphysalis oliveri Apanaskevich & Horak, 2008
  • Haemaphysalis orientalis Nuttall & Warburton, 1915
  • Haemaphysalis ornithophila Hoogstraal & Kohls, 1959
  • Haemaphysalis palawanensis Kohls, 1950
  • Haemaphysalis papuana Thorell, 1883
  • Haemaphysalis paraleachi Camicas, Hoogstraal & El Kammah, 1983
  • Haemaphysalis paraturturis Hoogstraal, Trapido & Rebello, 1963
  • Haemaphysalis parmata Neumann, 1905
  • Haemaphysalis parva Neumann, 1897
  • Haemaphysalis pavlovskyi Pospelova-Shtrom, 1935
  • Haemaphysalis pedetes Hoogstraal, 1972
  • Haemaphysalis pentalagi Pospelova-Shtrom, 1935
  • Haemaphysalis petrogalis Roberts, 1970
  • Haemaphysalis phasiana Saito, Hoogstraal & Wassef, 1974
  • Haemaphysalis pospelovashtromae Hoogstraal, 1966
  • Haemaphysalis princeps Tomlinson & Apanaskevich, 2019
  • Haemaphysalis psalistos Hoogstraal, Kohls & Parrish, 1967
  • Haemaphysalis punctaleachi Camicas, Hoogstraal & El Kammah, 1973
  • Haemaphysalis punctata Canestrini & Fanzago, 1878
  • Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis Teng, 1980
  • Haemaphysalis quadriaculeata Kolonin, 1992
  • Haemaphysalis ramachandrai Dhanda, Hoogstraal & Bhat, 1970
  • Haemaphysalis ratti Kohls, 1948
  • Haemaphysalis renschi Schulze, 1933
  • Haemaphysalis roubaudi Toumanoff, 1940
  • Haemaphysalis rugosa Santos Dias, 1956
  • Haemaphysalis rusae Kohls, 1950
  • Haemaphysalis sambar Hoogstraal, 1971
  • Haemaphysalis sciuri Kohls, 1950
  • Haemaphysalis semermis Neumann, 1901
  • Haemaphysalis shimoga Trapido & Hoogstraal, 1964
  • Haemaphysalis silacea Robinson, 1912
  • Haemaphysalis silvafelis Hoogstraal & Trapido, 1963
  • Haemaphysalis simplex Neumann, 1897
  • Haemaphysalis simplicima Hoogstraal & Wassef, 1979
  • Haemaphysalis sinensis Zhang, 1981
  • Haemaphysalis spinigera Neumann, 1897
  • Haemaphysalis spinulosa Neumann, 1906
  • Haemaphysalis subelongata Hoogstraal, 1953
  • Haemaphysalis subterra Hoogstraal, El Kammah & Camicas, 1992
  • Haemaphysalis sulcata Canestrini & Fanzago, 1878
  • Haemaphysalis sumatraensis Hoogstraal, El Kammah, Kadarsan & Anastos, 1971
  • Haemaphysalis sundrai Sharif, 1928
  • Haemaphysalis suntzovi Kolonin, 1993
  • Haemaphysalis susphilippensis Hoogstraal, Kohls & Parrish, 1968
  • Haemaphysalis taiwana Sugimoto, 1936
  • Haemaphysalis tauffliebi Morel, 1965
  • Haemaphysalis tibetensis Hoogstraal, 1965
  • Haemaphysalis tiptoni Hoogstraal, 1953
  • Haemaphysalis toxopei Warburton, 1927
  • Haemaphysalis traguli Oudemans, 1928
  • Haemaphysalis traubi Kohls, 1955
  • Haemaphysalis turturis Nuttall & Warburton, 1915
  • Haemaphysalis vasilisae Apanaskevich, 2025
  • Haemaphysalis verticalis Itagaki, Noda & Yamaguchi, 1944
  • Haemaphysalis vidua Warburton & Nuttall, 1909
  • Haemaphysalis vietnamensis Hoogstraal & Wilson, 1966
  • Haemaphysalis walkerae Apanaskevich & Tomlinson, 2019
  • Haemaphysalis warburtoni Nuttall, 1912
  • Haemaphysalis wellingtoni Nuttall & Warburton, 1908
  • Haemaphysalis yeni Toumanoff, 1944
  • Haemaphysalis zumpti Hoogstraal & El Kammah, 1974

Notes

References

References

  1. (2020-11-05). "Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019". [[Magnolia Press]].
  2. Koch, C.L. (1844) Systematische Übersicht über die Ordnung der Zecken. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 10, 217–239. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.29560
  3. (2021). "Neotropical Hard Ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae)".
  4. Mehlhorn, Heinz. (2016). "Haemaphysalis Species". Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
  5. (2023). "Ticks of Australasia: 125 species of ticks in and around Australia". Zootaxa, Magnolia Press.
  6. (2020-11-05). "Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019". [[Magnolia Press]].
  7. (June 2024). "Insights from entire mitochondrial genome sequences into the phylogeny of ticks of the genera Haemaphysalis and Archaeocroton with the elevation of the subgenus Alloceraea Schulze, 1919 back to the status of a genus". Medical and Veterinary Entomology.
  8. (March 2023). "Seventy-eight entire mitochondrial genomes and nuclear rRNA genes provide insight into the phylogeny of the hard ticks, particularly the Haemaphysalis species, Africaniella transversale and Robertsicus elaphensis". Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.
  9. (2024). "Insights from entire mitochondrial genome sequences into the phylogeny of ticks of the genera Haemaphysalis and Archaeocroton with the elevation of the subgenus Alloceraea Schulze, 1919 back to the status of a genus". Medical and Veterinary Entomology.
  10. (2025-04-29). "Validation of Sharifiella Santos Dias, 1958 (Acari: Ixodidae) as a genus of hard ticks containing S. theilerae (Hoogstraal, 1953), a parasite of tail-less tenrec, Tenrec ecaudatus (Schreber) (Afrosoricida: Tenrecidae) on Madagascar". Zootaxa.
  11. (2024-02-12). "The first cryptic genus of Ixodida, Cryptocroton n. gen. for Amblyomma papuanum Hirst, 1914: a tick of North Queensland, Australia, and Papua New Guinea". Zootaxa.
  12. Dmitry Apanaskevich and Jackson A. Tomlinson. 2019. Description of four new species of ''Haemaphysalis'' Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) from the ''H''. (''Rhipistoma'') ''spinulosa'' subgroup, parasites of carnivores and rodents in Africa. ''[[Systematic Parasitology]]'', July, First Online: 22 August 2019. DOI: 10.1007/s11230-019-09875-7, https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11230-019-09875-7.
  13. Dmitry Apanaskevich and Steven M. Goodman. 2020. Description of a new species of ''Haemaphysalis'' Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) from the ''H''. (''Rhipistoma'') ''asiatica'' subgroup, parasite of an endemic Malagasy carnivoran (Carnivora: Eupleridae). ''Systematic Parasitology'', 97: 591–599; https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11230-020-09943-3, DOI: 10.1007/s11230-020-09943-3.
  14. Apanaskevich, Dmitry A.. (2024-07-26). "Description of a new species of Haemaphysalis Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae), a parasite of hares and rabbits (Lagomorpha: Leporidae) in Texas, Oklahoma and Colorado (USA), that was misidentified as H. leporispalustris (Packard, 1869) for more than a century". Zootaxa.
  15. Apanaskevich, Dmitry A.. (2025-09-08). "Description of a new species of Haemaphysalis Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae), an ornate parasite of birds in Florida, South Carolina and Texas (USA), and redescription of all parasitic stages of H. chordeilis (Packard, 1869)". Zootaxa.
Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

ticks ixodidae
Want to explore this topic further?

Ask Mako anything about Haemaphysalis — get instant answers, deeper analysis, and related topics.

Research with Mako

Free with your Surf account

Content sourced from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This content may have been generated or modified by AI. CloudSurf Software LLC is not responsible for the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of AI-generated content. Always verify important information from primary sources.

Report