Gulshan Kumar

Biography

Born in 1951 in a Punjabi Hindu family, Gulshan Kumar Dua was the son of a fruit juice vendor who worked the streets of the Daryaganj neighbourhood in the heart of Delhi. His family came as refugees from the Jhang region of West Punjab after the communal riots during the partition of India in 1947. Dua started working with his father from an early age. Gulshan Kumar was a devoted worshipper of Shiva and especially Vaishno Devi. He sung many religious and traditional songs in favour of almost all major deities in Hinduism. Due to traditional faith, love and respect towards Vaishno Devi, he ran a free of cost meal assistance service in which free meals are offered as prasad to all the devotees visiting Vaishno Devi Temple. It was first started in 1983 at Baan Ganga location which is situated in between of the Vaishno Devi Temple's pilgrimage. Even after his demise in 1997, the service still continues till today and is widely revered all across India. His son Bhushan Kumar now manages the service.

Dua changed career paths when his family acquired a shop selling records and inexpensive audio cassettes, which foreshadowed the onset of a vast music empire.

Music business and film career

Gulshan Kumar started his own audio cassette operation known as "Super Cassettes Industries," which turned in to a profitable business. He began a music production company in Noida. As his business started growing, he moved to Mumbai.

His first movie in Bollywood was Lal Dupatta Malmal Ka in 1989. Next was the big hit Aashiqui in 1990 which is remembered for its music by Nadeem–Shravan. His other movies included Bahaar Aane Tak, Dil Hai Ke Manta Nahin, Ayee Milan Ki Raat, Meera Ka Mohan, Jeena Marna Tere Sang and Bewafa Sanam.

T-Series music label

Main article: T-Series (company)

T-Series emerged as one of the top music labels in India with the release of Aashiqui in 1990. In the early 1990s T-Series was largely responsible for sparking a boom for the Indian music industry. With its music and film production, the annual earnings of T-Series grew from () in 1985 to () in 1991, and by the time of Gulshan Kumar's death in 1997, had reached ().

It continues to be a major label. and controls more than 60% share of the Indian music market. In international market, T-Series enjoys a turnover in excess of $4.2 million, and exports to 24 countries across six continents. In India, it has the largest distribution network of over 2500 dealers.

Filmography

Death

Gulshan Kumar was killed by goons of Dawood Ibrahim in a shooting outside the Jiteshwar Mahadev Mandir, a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva of which he attended daily in Jeet Nagar, Andheri West suburb of Mumbai, on 12 August 1997. He was shot 16 times.

On the day of the assassination, his bodyguard, provided by the Government of Uttar Pradesh, was sick. Although he had received two threatening calls, on 5 and 8 August 1997, Kumar refused to pay the extortion money. The hired killers, including Rauf and Abdul Rashid, conducted reconnaissance for a month, but did not proceed because of the armed bodyguard. At 10:40, while returning from the temple, he was confronted by one of the assassins who said: "Bahut puja kar li, ab upar ja ke karna (you have prayed enough already, now do it up there)." Initially, Kumar survived and sought shelter in nearby huts, but residents shut their doors. His driver Suraj was shot in both legs as he tried to shelter Kumar.

A Mumbai underworld organisation called D-Company is considered to have been responsible for this assassination. The police also accused film composer Nadeem Saifi of the music duo Nadeem-Shravan of having paid for the murder due to a personal dispute and fled the country after the murder. However, on 9 January 2001, Abdul Rauf Merchant (known as "Raja") confessed to being the murderer. On 29 April 2002, Sessions Judge M. L. Tahilyani sentenced Rauf to life imprisonment, stating that he was not imposing the death penalty because the prosecution had failed to prove that Rauf was a contract killer. The police alleged that Saifi paid Abu Salem, a known associate of Dawood Ibrahim, to assassinate Kumar and assigned Rauf to the job, but it just so happened that Ibrahim and Abu Salem were already planning on murdering Kumar as he had refused to pay Rs 10 crore protection money to D-Company as part of an extortion attempt. As per his family's wishes, Gulshan Kumar was cremated in a shamshan (cremation ground) in Delhi.

Abdul Rauf alias Daud Merchant was convicted in 2002 for the murder of Gulshan Kumar. He fled India after he was granted furlough by the Bombay High Court in 2009. He was extradited from Bangladesh in 2016. He is currently lodged in the high-security Arthur Road Jail of Mumbai.

Legacy

T-Series is still running and operated and has a widespread base across India. In 2017, T-Series announced plans to produce a biographical film about Kumar titled Mogul – The Gulshan Kumar Story.

References

References

1. [https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/akshay-kumar-mogul-gulshan-kumar-biopic-murder-t-series-965755-2017-03-15 Akshay Kumar's Mogul: All you need to know about Gulshan Kumar]
2. Koppikar, Smruti. (25 August 1997). "Killing of Gulshan Kumar Reveals Mumbai Underworld's Nexus with Bollywood is Turning Nasty". India Today.
3. [https://www.inuth.com/india/gulshan-kumar-murder-mystery-recalling-the-day-when-16-bullets-were-pumped-into-him/ Gulshan Kumar murder mystery: Recalling the day when 16 bullets were pumped into him]
4. (5 May 2021). "गुलशन कुमार ने छोटे भाई कृष्‍ण कुमार के लिए देखा था एक सपना, ख्‍वाहिश जो अधूरी रह गई".
5. (5 May 2021). "Gulshan Kumar Birthday: जीरो से हीरो बनने की कहानी है गुलशन कुमार के संघर्ष की, ऐसे बने थे 'टी सीरीज' के मालिक". [[Dainik Jagran]].
6. (5 May 2022). "Gulshan Kumar Birth Anniversary: अनुराधा पौडवाल को दूसरी लता मंगेशकर बनाना चाहते थें गुलशन कुमार!". [[News 18]].
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8. [https://web.archive.org/web/20040604010925/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/South_Asia/FE29Df05.html Indian film financing comes of age, 29 May 2004]
9. [http://www.t-series.com/about.asp About Us] {{Webarchive. link. (5 March 2009 ''T Series'' Official website.)
10. ["The daughter of the legendary Gulshan Kumar of T Series Tulsi Kumar comes out with her maiden solo album]"](https://www.newkerala.com/topstory-fullnews-75996.html/).
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15. [http://www.rediff.com/entertai/aug/12super1.htm Gulshan!] [[Rediff.com]], 12 July 1997
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21. (1991). "Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average)". [[World Bank]].
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25. Koppikar, Smruti. (August 25, 1997). "Killing of Gulshan Kumar reveals Mumbai underworld's nexus with Bollywood is turning nasty".
26. (September 2017). "Gulshan Kumar murder mystery: Recalling the day when 16 bullets were pumped into him".
27. (25 August 1997). "The Mafia Calls The Shots". [[Outlook (Indian magazine).
28. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090505041030/http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19970813/22550683.html Stunned silence at Super Cassettes' Delhi factory] ''[[The Indian Express]]'', 13 August 2001.
29. (18 January 2016). "Dawood aide Abdul Rauf to be sent back to India: Bangladesh minister".
30. (11 November 2016). "Daud Merchant lands in jail after deportation".
31. (15 March 2017). "Mogul first look: Akshay Kumar to play Gulshan Kumar. Who was Gulshan Kumar?". The Indian Express.