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Greater Montreal

Metropolitan area in Quebec, Canada

Field	Value
name	Greater Montreal
native_name	fr
settlement_type	Metropolitan area
image_skyline	Montréal Satellite.jpg
imagesize	290px
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map_alt	Map of Greater Montréal
map_caption	Interactive Map of Greater Montreal
subdivision_type	Country
subdivision_name	Canada
subdivision_type1	Province
subdivision_name1	Québec
area_footnotes
area_total_km2	4739.04
area_land_km2	4258.31
population_footnotes
population_total	4,291,732
population_as_of	2021
population_est	4,615,154
pop_est_as_of	2024
pop_est_footnotes
population_density_km2	1007.85
demographics_type2	GDP (nominal, 2022)
demographics2_title1	Total
demographics2_info1
timezone	Eastern
utc_offset	−05:00
timezone_DST	EDT
utc_offset_DST	−04:00
postal_code_type	Postal code prefixes
postal_code	H, J
area_codes	438, 450, 514, 579
footnotes	[[Image:CMM - Montréal.svg	287px]]

Greater Montreal (, ) is the most populous metropolitan area in Quebec and the second most populous in Canada after Greater Toronto. In 2015, Statistics Canada identified Montreal's Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) as 4258.31 km2 with a population of 4,027,100, almost 50% of the province.

A smaller area of 3838 km2 is governed by the Montreal Metropolitan Community (MMC; , CMM). This level of government is headed by a president (currently Montreal mayor Soraya Martinez Ferrada).

The inner ring is composed of densely populated municipalities located in close proximity to Downtown Montreal. It includes the entire Island of Montreal, Laval, and the Urban Agglomeration of Longueuil. Due to their proximity to Montreal's downtown core, some additional suburbs on the South Shore (Brossard, Saint-Lambert, and Boucherville) are usually included in the inner ring, despite their location on the mainland.

The outer ring is composed of low-density municipalities located on the fringe of Metropolitan Montreal. Most of these cities and towns are semi-rural. Specifically, the term banlieues hors de l'île (off-island suburbs) refers to those suburbs that are located on the North Shore of the Mille-Îles River, those on the South Shore that were never included in the megacity of Longueuil, and those on the Vaudreuil-Soulanges Peninsula.

Largest cities

Rank	City	Region	Population (2016)	Land Area	Population Density
1	Montreal	Montreal	1,704,694	365.13 km2	4662.1 /km2
2	Laval	Laval	422,993	247.09 km2	1710.9 /km2
3	Longueuil	Montérégie	239,700	115.59 km2	2070.9 /km2
4	Terrebonne	Lanaudière	111,575	154.12 km2	723.9 /km2
5	Brossard	Montérégie	85,721	45.20 km2	1895.4 /km2
6	Repentigny	Lanaudière	84,285	61.79 km2	1376.5 /km2
7	Saint-Jérôme	Laurentides	74,346	90.52 km2	822.1 /km2
8	Blainville	Laurentides	56,863	55.10 km2	1030.9 /km2
9	Mirabel	Laurentides	50,513	485.07 km2	104.1 /km2
10	Dollard-des-Ormeaux	Montreal	48,899	14.97 km2	3266.1 /km2

Cities and towns

File:Montreal-canada-parc-urban.jpg|Montreal File:Tour Triomphe II, Laval, Québec.jpg|Laval File:Longueuil centre-ville - 010.jpg|Longueuil

Area	Regional county municipality	Municipality
Urban agglomeration of Montreal	Baie-d'Urfé
Beaconsfield
Côte Saint-Luc
Dollard-des-Ormeaux
Dorval
Hampstead
Kirkland
L'Île-Dorval
boroughs]]
Montréal-Est
Montreal West
Mount Royal
Pointe-Claire
Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue
Senneville
Westmount
Laval
Urban agglomeration of Longueuil	Boucherville
Brossard
Saint-Hubert]] and Greenfield Park.
Saint-Lambert
Saint-Bruno-de-Montarville
Laurentides	Deux-MontagnesOnly a portion of municipalities in the MRC are included in the MMC.	Deux-Montagnes
Oka
Pointe-Calumet
Saint-Eustache
Saint-Joseph-du-Lac
Sainte-Marthe-sur-le-Lac
Saint-Placide
Thérèse-De Blainville	Blainville
Bois-des-Filion
Boisbriand
Lorraine
Rosemère
Sainte-Anne-des-Plaines
Sainte-Thérèse
equivalent territory]]	Mirabel
Argenteuil	Gore
La Rivière-du-Nord	Saint-Colomban
Saint-Jérômein area served by the Réseau de transport métropolitain
Lanaudière	L'Assomption	Charlemagne
L'Assomption
L'Épiphanie
Repentigny
Saint-Sulpice
Les Moulins	Mascouche
Terrebonne
Joliette	Joliette
D'Autray	Lavaltrie
MontcalmOnly a portion of municipalities in the MRC are included in the CMA.	Saint-Lin–Laurentides
Montérégie	Beauharnois-Salaberry	Beauharnois
La Vallée-du-Richelieu	Beloeil
Carignan
Chambly
McMasterville
Mont-Saint-Hilaire
Otterburn Park
Saint-Basile-le-Grand
Saint-Jean-Baptiste
Saint-Mathieu-de-Beloeil
Marguerite-D'Youville	Calixa-Lavallée
Contrecœur
Saint-Amable
Sainte-Julie
Varennes
Verchères
Roussillon	Candiac
Châteauguay
Delson
La Prairie
Léry
Mercier
Sainte-Catherine
Saint-Constant
Saint-Isidore
Saint-Mathieu
Saint-Philippe
Rouville	Richelieu
Saint-Mathias-sur-Richelieu
Vaudreuil-Soulanges	Coteau-du-Lac
Hudson
Les Cèdres
Les Coteaux
L'Île-Cadieux
L'Île-Perrot
Notre-Dame-de-l'Île-Perrot
Pincourt
Pointe-des-Cascades
Saint-Lazare
Saint-Zotique
Terrasse-Vaudreuil
Vaudreuil-Dorion
Vaudreuil-sur-le-Lac
Le Haut-Richelieu	Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu

Only a portion of the municipalities and MRC's located in geographical entities highlighted in light gray are part of the CMM/CMA.

There are 82 municipalities that are part of the MMC and 91 municipalities that are part of the CMA.

There are 79 municipalities that overlap between the two, with 3 municipalities being part of the MMC but not the CMA, and 12 municipalities being part of the CMA but not the MMC.

Kanesatake and Kahnawake are not included in the previous counts.

Demographics

Main article: Demographics of Montreal

|1871|174090 |1881|223512 |1891|308169 |1901|393665 |1911|594812 |1921|774330 |1931|1064448 |1941|1192235 |1951|1539308 |1956|1745001 |1961|2110679 |1966|2570985 |1971|2743208 |1976|2802485 |1981|2862286 |1986|2921357 |1991|3208970 |1996|3326510 |2001|3426350 |2006|3635571 |2011|3824221 |2016|4098927 |2021|4291732}}

Ethnicity

Panethnic
group	2021	2016	2011{{Cite web	last=Government of Canada	first=Statistics Canada	date=2015-11-27	2006	2001	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Total responses	4,206,455	4,009,795	3,752,470	3,588,520	3,380,645	Total population	4,291,732	4,098,927	3,824,221	3,635,571	3,426,350
url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CMA&Code1=462&Data=Count&SearchText=Montreal&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1	access-date=2023-01-10	website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}
European	3,059,895		3,070,210		2,963,860		2,980,280		2,911,230
African	340,140		270,940		216,310		169,065		139,305
Middle Eastern	285,615		220,055		172,345		113,405		79,410
Latin American	137,850		110,195		98,010		75,400		53,155
South Asian	121,260		85,925		79,540		70,615		57,935
East Asian	116,820		100,265		83,420		79,665		58,165
Southeast Asian	101,560		88,755		89,645		68,475		57,460
Indigenous	46,085		34,745		26,285		17,865		11,085
Other	40,565		28,710		23,060		13,755		12,900

Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses.

Language

Language	Greater Montreal	Quebec	Canada
French	65.9%	79.1%	21.4%
English	13.2%	8.9%	58.1%
Arabic	4.5%	2.1%	1.1%
Spanish	3.2%	1.8%	1.3%
Italian	2.7%	1.6%	1.3%
Creole	1.5%	0.8%	0.2%
Mandarin	1.0%	0.1%	1.8%
Greek	1.0%	0.5%	0.4%
Romanian	0.8%	0.4%	0.3%
Portuguese	0.8%	0.5%	0.7%
Russian	0.7%	0.3%	0.5%
Vietnamese	0.7%	0.4%	0.5%
Persian (Farsi)	0.6%	0.3%	0.5%
Cantonese	0.6%	0.1%	1.7%
Tagalog (Filipino)	0.5%	0.2%	1.2%
Armenian	0.4%	0.2%	0.1%
Tamil	0.4%	0.2%	0.4%
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0.3%	0.2%	1.4%
Polish	0.3%	0.2%	0.6%
Bengali	0.3%	0.1%	0.2%
German	0.3%	0.2%	1.3%
Urdu	0.3%	0.1%	0.6%
Yiddish	0.2%	0.1%
Cambodian (Khmer)	0.2%	0.1%
Turkish	0.2%	0.1%	0.1%
Gujarati	0.2%	0.1%	0.3%
Hungarian	0.2%	0.1%	0.2%
Bulgarian	0.2%	0.1%	0.1%
Berber (Kabyle)	0.2%	0.1%
Unspecified Chinese		0.1%	0.1%

Transportation

Main article: Exo (public transit)

Exo operates the region's commuter rail and metropolitan bus services, and is the second busiest such system in Canada after Toronto's GO Transit. Established in June 2007, Exo's commuter rail system has six lines linking the downtown core with communities as far west as Hudson, as Far south as Mont-Saint-Hilaire, as far east as Mascouche, and as far north as Saint-Jérôme.

Along with Exo, a sister agency, the Autorité régionale de transport métropolitain (ARTM) plans, integrates, and coordinates public transport across Greater Montreal, including the Island of Montreal, Laval (Île Jésus), and communities along both the north shore of the Rivière des Mille-Îles and the south shore of the Saint Lawrence River. The ARTM's mandate also includes the management of reserved High-occupancy vehicle lanes, metropolitan bus terminuses, park-and-ride lots, and a budget of $163 million, which is shared amongst the transit corporations and inter-municipal public transit organizations.

The Exo/ARTM's territory spans 63 municipalities and one native reserve, 13 regional county municipalities, and 21 transit authorities. It serves a population of approximately 3.7 million people who make more than 750,000 trips daily.

The major transit commissions under the ARTM are:

Société de transport de Montréal (), serving the Island of Montreal
Société de transport de Laval (), serving the city of Laval
Réseau de transport de Longueuil (), serving the Urban agglomeration of Longueuil

Education

Universities	CEGEPs and other colleges	Other schools

(In Montreal, except where otherwise noted.)

Notes

;Group 1 ;Group 2 ;Group 3

References

(2022). "Population and dwelling counts: Census metropolitan areas, census agglomerations and census subdivisions (municipalities)". Statistics Canada.
(2012-02-08). "Census Profile - Montreal Census Metropolitan Area". [[Statistics Canada]].
(8 February 2017). "Population and dwelling counts, for census metropolitan areas, 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data". Government of Canada.
(January 16, 2025). "Population estimates, July 1, by census metropolitan area and census agglomeration, 2021 boundaries". [[Statistics Canada]].
"Statistics Canada. Table 36-10-0468-01 Gross domestic product (GDP) at basic prices, by census metropolitan area (CMA) (x 1,000,000)".
(12 February 2015). "Grand Montréal: maintenant 4 millions de personnes".
(8 February 2017). "Population and Dwelling Count Highlight Tables, 2016 Census".
"Communauté métropolitaine de Montréal".
"La CMM et les MRC périmétropolitaines".
"Évolution de la population de Montréal, 1660 à nos jours". Ville de Montréal.
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada. (2022-09-21). "Indigenous identity by Registered or Treaty Indian status: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts".
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada. (2022-10-26). "Visible minority and population group by generation status: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts".
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada. (2021-10-27). "Census Profile, 2016 Census".
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada. (2019-08-20). "2006 Community Profiles".
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada. (2019-07-02). "2001 Community Profiles".
(2017-08-04). "Montréal, CMA, Quebec". Statistics Canada.

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