Grand Rapids, Manitoba

History

The first Fort Bourbon was built here in 1741 but was soon moved.{{cite web | access-date =2014-02-19}} Grand Rapids was the only significant obstacle on the Saskatchewan-North Saskatchewan between the Rocky Mountains and Lake Winnipeg. Going downstream the rapids were usually run demi-chargé using the south channel. Upstream the boats were pulled by towlines. In the 1780s the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) began to use York boats on the river. A log road was constructed so that these large boats could be hauled on rollers.

Here in June 1819, in retaliation for the Battle of Seven Oaks HBC governor William Williams captured a number of North West Company men. The next year, the Nor'Westers captured some HBC men at the same spot. See Pemmican War.

In the 1870s the railroad reached Lake Winnipeg and steamboats appeared on the lake and river. In 1877 a 3 mi narrow-gauge railway using horse-drawn tramcars was built around the rapids. The spread of railways made the tramway obsolete and the HBC closed it in 1909. It was used for tourist excursions for the next forty years. By the 1980s remains were still visible and parts of the trail were still in use.

From 1882 to 1905, Grand Rapids was located in the District of Saskatchewan, a subdivision of the North-West Territories (NWT). After Saskatchewan was established as province in 1905, the portion of the old district east of the new provincial border, including Grand Rapids, became part of the Keewatin District of the NWT. In 1912, Grand Rapids became part of Manitoba because of the Manitoba Boundaries Extension Act.

Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Grand Rapids had a population of 213 living in 92 of its 150 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of 268. With a land area of 74.27 km2, it had a population density of in 2021.

Climate

Grand Rapids has a humid continental climate (Koppen: Dfb) with vast seasonal differences. Summers are warm with occasional heat waves, although moderated by its relatively high latitude and proximity to the lake areas of Manitoba, resulting in seasonal lag in spring. In winter any moderation is eliminated because of lake freezing and its vast distance to oceans. As a result, winters are cold to severely cold. January has colder than -18 C daily means.

|Jan record high C = 7.5 |Feb record high C = 9.0 |Mar record high C = 17.0 |Apr record high C = 28.0 |May record high C = 32.5 |Jun record high C = 36.5 |Jul record high C = 37.5 |Aug record high C = 35.0 |Sep record high C = 31.7 |Oct record high C = 25.0 |Nov record high C = 17.5 |Dec record high C = 7.8 |year record high C = 37.5 |Jan record low C = -43.0 |Feb record low C = -41.1 |Mar record low C = -36.1 |Apr record low C = -26.1 |May record low C = -13.3 |Jun record low C = -3.5 |Jul record low C = 2.0 |Aug record low C = -1.0 |Sep record low C = -9.0 |Oct record low C = -16.0 |Nov record low C = -32.5 |Dec record low C = -39.4 |year record low C = -43.0

Notable people

• Darla Contois, writer, actress
• Duncan Mercredi, poet
• Ovide Mercredi, politician
• M. A. Yewdale, artist

References

• Elizabeth Browne Losey, "Let Them be Remembered: The Story of the Fur Trade Forts", 1999

References

1. (February 14, 2013). "Corrections and updates: Population and dwelling count amendments, 2011 Census". Statistics Canada.
3. Laberge, Jared. (27 July 2005). "Navigating the Red: Steamships and the Colville Landing".
4. (February 9, 2022). "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), Manitoba". [[Statistics Canada]].
5. "Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010". [[Environment Canada]].