From Surf Wiki (app.surf) — the open knowledge base

Grammotoxin

Toxin

1koz}}<ref name=structure>{{Cite journal

Grammotoxin is a toxin in the venom of the tarantula Grammostola spatulata. It is a protein toxin that inhibits P-, Q- and N-type voltage-gated calcium channels (Ca 2+ channels) in neurons. Grammotoxin is also known as omega-grammotoxin SIA.

Chemistry

Grammotoxin is a 36 amino acid protein toxin, with the sequence Asp-Cys-Val-Arg-Phe-Trp-Gly-Lys-Cys-Ser-Gln-Thr-Ser-Asp-Cys-Cys-Pro-His-Leu-Ala-Cys-Lys-Ser-Lys-Trp-Pro-Arg-Asn-Ile-Cys-Val-Trp-Asp-Gly-Ser-Val (DCVRFWGKCSQTSDCCPHLACKSKWPRNICVWDGSV), and disulfide bridges between Cys2-Cys16, Cys9-Cys21 and Cys15-Cys30.

It forms an inhibitor cystine knot motif, common in spider toxins.

Its chemical formula is: C177H268N52O50S6

Grammotoxin can be purified from Grammostola spatulata venom by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography.{{Cite journal

Mode of action

The toxin binding site on the channels has high affinity for the toxins when they are closed and low affinity when channels are activated.{{Cite journal

References

[http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/search/ProductDetail?ProdNo=G2795&Brand=SIGMA ω-Grammotoxin SIA from Grammostola spatulata venom, ≥98% (HPLC)]

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

neurotoxins ion-channel-toxins

Want to explore this topic further?

Ask Mako anything about Grammotoxin — get instant answers, deeper analysis, and related topics.

Research with Mako

Free with your Surf account

Content sourced from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This content may have been generated or modified by AI. CloudSurf Software LLC is not responsible for the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of AI-generated content. Always verify important information from primary sources.

Report