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Glucosidases

Enzymes which hydrolyse glycosides

Glucosidases are the glycoside hydrolase enzymes categorized under the EC number 3.2.1.

Function

Alpha-glucosidases are enzymes involved in breaking down complex carbohydrates such as starch and glycogen into their monomers.

They catalyze the cleavage of individual glucosyl residues from various glycoconjugates including alpha- or beta-linked polymers of glucose. This enzyme converts complex sugars into simpler ones.

Members

Different sources include different members in this class. Members marked with a "#" are considered by MeSH to be glucosidases.

Name	EC	Description
α-Amylase		is a digestive enzyme in mammals
β-Amylase		is a plant enzyme to break down starch
γ-Amylase		is a digestive enzyme
Cellulase #		breaks down cellulose from plant material
Sucrase-isomaltase		-
Mannosyl-oligosaccharide glucosidase #	EC 3.2.1.106	catalyzes the first trimming step of the N-glycosylation pathway; is associated with Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation type IIb
Acid α-glucosidase #		is associated with Glycogen storage disease type II
Beta-glucosidase #		is associated with Gaucher's disease
Lactase		one member of the β-galactosidase family, breaks down milk sugars, and its absence in adulthood causes lactose intolerance
Debranching enzyme #		in mammals, yeast and some bacteria, combines transferase and glucosidase activity in glycogen breakdown
Pullulanase		has been used as a detergent

Clinical significance

Alpha-glucosidases are targeted by alpha-glucosidase inhibitors such as acarbose and miglitol to control diabetes mellitus type 2.

References

. (June 2021). ["ENZYME class: 3.2.1"](https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/3.2.1.-). *SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics*.
(March 2001). "α-Glucosidases". Biochemistry (Moscow).

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

hydrolases carbohydrates ec-3.2.1

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