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Giant-cell glioblastoma

Tumor of the central nervous system

Summary

Tumor of the central nervous system

Field	Value
above	Giant-cell glioblastoma
abovestyle	background:lightgrey;
image	[[File:AFIP-00405562-GiantCellGlioblastoma-Gross.jpg	200px]]
caption	Some glioblastomas, such as this giant-cell variant, are discrete firm masses which clinically and radiographically simulate metastatic carcinoma
headerstyle	background:lightgrey;
header1	WHO Classification
label2	Standard name
data2	Giant-cell glioblastoma
label3	Structure
data3	Neuroepithelial tumors
└►Astrocytic tumors
└►Glioblastoma
└►Giant-cell glioblastoma
header4	ICD-O Code & WHO Grade
label5	ICD-O Code
data5	9441/3
label6	WHO Grade
data6	IV
header7	Synonyms & Acronyms
label8	Synonyms
data8	Monstrocellular sarcoma
header9	Epidemiology
label10	Incidence
data10	0.15/100,000/y
new cases/population/year
label11	Age peak
data11	42
label12	M/F ratio
data12	1.6
header13	Prognosis
label14	Mean overall survival
data14	12 months
belowstyle	background:lightgrey;
below	Medicine WikiProject/Neurology task force

└►Astrocytic tumors └►Glioblastoma └►Giant-cell glioblastoma new cases/population/year

The giant-cell glioblastoma is a histological variant of glioblastoma, presenting a prevalence of bizarre, multinucleated (more than 20 nuclei) giant (up to 400 μm diameter) cells.

It occasionally shows an abundant stromal reticulin network and presents a high frequency of TP53 gene mutations.

Symptoms and signs are similar to those of the ordinary glioblastoma. Methodology of diagnosis and treatment are the same.

Prognosis is similar to the ordinary glioblastoma, which is approximately 12 months, although some authors refer to cases with a slightly better outcome.

Historical annotation

The giant-cell glioblastoma was originally termed monstrocellular sarcoma, because of its stromal reticulin network, but the astrocytic nature of the tumor was firmly established through the consistent GFAP expression analysis.

Epidemiology

Incidence

The giant-cell glioblastoma is a rare neoplasia: its incidence is less than 1% of all brain tumors. It represents up to 5% of glioblastomas.

Age and sex distribution

The mean age at clinical presentation is 42. The age distribution includes children and has a wider range than other diffuse astrocytomas (diffuse WHO grade II astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, ordinary glioblastoma).

The giant-cell glioblastoma affects males more frequently (the M/F ratio is 1.6).

Prognosis

Most patients with giant-cell glioblastoma have unfavourable prognosis, but some authors report clinical results slightly better than the ordinary glioblastoma, in all probability because this variant seems less infiltrative, due to the nature of giant cells of this type.

References

(September 2010). ["Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Nervous System"](https://archive.org/details/pathologygenetic0000unse }}{{Page needed). IARC.
Macchi G.. (September 2010). "Malattie del sistema nervoso". PICCIN Editore.
(September 2010). "Cancer Management: A Multidisciplinary Approach".
Zulch KJ. (September 2010). "Histological Typing of Tumours of the Central Nervous System". World Health Organization.
Zulch KJ. (September 2010). "Brain Tumors: Their Biology and Pathology". Springer Verlag.
(March 1979). "GFA and S 100 protein levels as an index for malignancy in human gliomas and neurinomas". Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
(September 2010). "Histological Typing of Tumours of the Central Nervous System". Springer Verlag.
(September 2010). "Pathology of Tumors of the Nervous System". Edward Arnold.
(1989). "Malignant monstrocellular brain tumours. A study of 42 surgically treated cases". Acta Neurochirurgica.
(September 1997). "Molecular genetic analysis of giant-cell glioblastomas". The American Journal of Pathology.
(November 1997). "p53 mutations versus EGF receptor expression in giant-cell glioblastomas". Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology.
(April 1996). "A clinico-immunohistochemical study of giant cell glioblastoma". Nōshuyō Byōri.
(February 1989). "Giant-celled glioblastoma of brain. A clinico-pathological and radiological study of ten cases (including immunohistochemistry and ultrastructure)". Cancer.
(August 2004). "The influence of sex and the presence of giant cells on postoperative long-term survival in adult patients with supratentorial glioblastoma multiforme". Journal of Neurosurgery.
(January 1967). "Glial origin of monstrocellular tumor. Case report of prolonged survival". Journal of Neurosurgery.
(September 1980). "Histologic factors of prognostic significance in the glioblastoma multiforme". Cancer.
(June 1998). "Favorable outcome of giant cell glioblastoma in a child. Report of an 11-year survival period". Child's Nervous System.

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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