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French 75 (cocktail)

Cocktail made from gin, Champagne, lemon juice, and sugar

Cocktail made from gin, Champagne, lemon juice, and sugar

FieldValue
nameFrench 75
imageFrench 75.jpg
typeWine cocktail
baseChampagne
ingredients{{plainlist*30 mL gin
*{{cvt15mLusozsigfig1}} lemon juice
*{{cvt15mLusozsigfig1}} simple syrup
*{{cvt60mLusozsigfig1}} Champagne}}
servedStraight up: chilled, without ice
prepPour all the ingredients, except Champagne, into a shaker. Shake well and strain into a Champagne flute. Top up with Champagne. Stir gently.
drinkwareChampagne flute
  • 15 mL lemon juice
  • 15 mL simple syrup
  • 60 mL Champagne}}

French 75 is a cocktail made from gin, champagne, lemon juice, and sugar. It is also called a 75 cocktail, or in French simply a soixante quinze ('seventy five').

The drink dates to World War I, when in 1915 an early form was created at the New York Bar in Paris — later Harry's New York Bar — by barman Harry MacElhone. The combination was said to have such a kick that it felt like being shelled with the powerful French 75mm field gun.

History

The drink with its current name and recipe developed over the 1920s, though similar drinks date to the 19th century. In the 19th century, the champagne cup was a popular cocktail, consisting of champagne, lemon juice, sugar, and ice. Gin was sometimes added, yielding a drink much like the French 75.

The drink was first recorded as the "75" in Harry's ABC of Mixing Cocktails, 1922 edition, by Harry MacElhone, and in the same year in Robert Vermeire's Cocktails: How to Mix Them, which credits the drink to MacElhone. However, the recipes differed from the current form – MacElhone's version consisted of Calvados, gin, grenadine, and absinthe, while Vermeire added lemon juice.

The recipe took its now-classic form and "French 75" name in Here’s How, by Judge Jr. (1927), consisting of gin, sugar, lemon juice, and champagne. This recipe was republished with the name "French 75" in The Savoy Cocktail Book (1930), which helped popularize the drink. Some later cocktail books use cognac instead of gin, such as The Fine Art of Mixing Drinks by David A. Embury.

The French 75 was popularized in America at the Stork Club in New York. It appears in the movie Casablanca (1942) and is referenced twice in the John Wayne films A Man Betrayed (1941) and Jet Pilot (1957). In 2016, it appears in the ITV series Mr. Selfridge, which is set in London in the 1910s and 1920s.

A fanciful alternative story of the invention of the French 75 was related by humorist Jean Shepherd on November 17, 1969, wherein he credits Gervais Raoul Lufbery as the inventor. The mixture, as related by Shepherd, is champagne and cognac on ice with perhaps a twist of lemon. This version is not credible, given the documented earlier version.

File:Canon de 75 front.jpg|The Canon de 75 modèle 1897 is the source of the name of the cocktail.

Similar drinks

The recipe of the French 75 is very similar to one of the most popular cocktails, the Tom Collins, with champagne replacing carbonated water. According to the recipe in Harry MacElhone's book Harry's ABC of Mixing Cocktails, a French 75 is supposed to be served in a highball glass. The highball glass, which the Tom Collins cocktail is also served in, supports the theory of the French 75 being a variation of the Tom Collins.

A "French 125" replaces the gin with cognac. A "French 95" replaces the gin with bourbon.

In Culture

  • In Paul Thomas Anderson's black comedy One Battle After Another, the name "French 75" refers to a left-wing revolutionary group that plays a central role in the plot.

References

References

  1. "[http://liquor.com/articles/behind-the-drink-the-french-75/ Behind the Drink: The French 75]", David Wondrich, July 09, 2012
  2. "[http://cold-glass.com/2012/10/28/the-french-75-cocktail/ The French 75 Cocktail—Tom Collins in a Tuxedo]", by Doug Ford, October 28, 2012
  3. "1927 Here's How by Judge Jr ( 2nd impression)".
  4. [http://podbay.fm/show/129951381/e/1185336300 Podcast] 27:00
  5. (January 26, 2019). "French 75".
  6. "French 125 (French '75' with cognac)".
  7. "French 95 (a French '75' with bourbon)".
  8. Adams, Sam. "What, Exactly, Is One Battle After Another About? Seeing It Twice Provided Some Answers.". Slate Magazine.
  9. Moore, Roger. (2025-09-26). "Movie Review: A Tale from the Resistance — “One Battle After Another”".
  10. Harrison, Alex. (2025-10-03). "The Secret Language In One Battle After Another Unlocks The Story You Didn’t See".
Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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