Francis Festing

Early life and military career

Festing was born in Dublin, Ireland, the son of Brigadier General Francis Leycester Festing and Charlotte Katherine Grindall Festing (née Festing). He was educated at Winchester College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, Festing was commissioned into 3rd Battalion the Rifle Brigade on 23 December 1921. He was promoted to lieutenant on 23 December 1923 and, after being seconded for service on the staff in July 1926, became aide-de-camp to Major General Sir John Burnett-Stuart, a former Rifle Brigade officer who had just taken command of the 3rd Division.

He relinquished this appointment in May 1930 and went on to be Air Liaison Officer for Eastern Command on 1 February 1936 and, after attending the Staff College, Camberley from 1933 to 1934, and having been promoted to captain on 1 September 1936, joined the staff at the War Office on 15 February 1938 before being promoted to major on 23 December 1938. In February 1939 he returned to the Staff College, Camberley, this time to serve as an instructor, a post he held until December 1939, three months after the Second World War began.

Second World War

In the Second World War Festing was air liaison officer for the expedition to Norway of 1940, then, having been promoted to acting lieutenant colonel in April 1940, as a staff officer in the Operations Directorate at the War Office from May 1940. In September 1940 he became Commanding Officer of the 2nd Battalion East Lancashire Regiment and then in April 1942 he became Commander of 29th Independent Infantry Brigade Group which was the landing force of Force 121 for Operation Ironclad, the seizure of Vichy French ports and airfields in the Indian Ocean, notably Diego Suárez, Majunga and Tamatave in Madagascar. He was appointed a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order (DSO) for his services in this campaign.

In November 1942 Festing took command of the 36th Indian Division and at the beginning of 1944 led it in the final stages of the Arakan offensive of the Burma campaign. In mid-1944 the division moved to Northern Burma as part of the US led Northern Combat Area Command before rejoining 14th Army. Festing had a reputation as a front line soldier as illustrated by one quote of an event on 29 October 1944:

Festing was mentioned in despatches on 5 April 1945, appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire on 5 July, and appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath on 6 June 1946; all in recognition of his services in Burma. He was also awarded the Legion of Merit in the Degree of Commander by the President of the United States for his conduct throughout the war on 8 November 1945.

Postwar career

Festing was appointed Commander of British Forces in Hong Kong from August 1945 and, then having been promoted to major general on 17 August 1946, he returned to the UK to be Director of Weapons and Development at the War Office in February 1947 where he remained until 26 June 1949 and then returned to Hong Kong. After recovering from a blood clot on the brain, he was appointed President of the Regular Commissions Board on 1 October 1950 and became Assistant Chief of Staff (Organisation and Training) at Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers in Europe on 1 April 1951. He took part in the funeral procession on 11 February 1952 following the death of King George VI and was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the Queen's Birthday Honours 1952.

Promoted to lieutenant general on 6 February 1952, Festing became General Officer Commanding British Troops in Egypt in April 1952 and then General Officer Commanding Eastern Command on 1 July 1954 and, having been advanced to Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in the New Year Honours 1956, and, having been appointed aide-de-camp general to the Queen on 26 June 1958, he became Chief of the Imperial General Staff on 29 September 1958. In this capacity he advised the British Government on ending conscription and reducing the size of the army by fifteen battalions. Having been promoted to field marshal on 1 September 1960, he retired on 1 November 1961.

Festing was also Honorary Colonel of the 50th (Northumberland) Machine Gun Battalion of the Royal Northumberland Fusiliers from 1 February 1948, Colonel Commandant of the Royal Northumberland Fusiliers from 12 March 1953, Colonel Commandant of the 3rd Green Jackets, The Rifle Brigade from 7 November 1958 and Colonel Commandant of the 3rd Battalion The Royal Green Jackets from 15 June 1968.

In retirement Festing became a Deputy Lieutenant of Northumberland. His interests included early firearms and Japanese swords. He was a practising Roman Catholic. He died at his home at Tarset near Hexham in Northumberland on 3 August 1976.

Family

In 1937, Festing married Mary Cecilia ( Riddell, elder daughter of Cuthbert David Giffard Riddell, of Swinburne Castle, Northumberland), from an old recusant family. The couple had four sons: Fra' Matthew Festing (former Prince and Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta), John Festing (former High Sheriff of Northumberland), Major Michael Festing and Andrew Festing (former President of the Royal Society of Portrait Painters).

References

Bibliography

References

1. Note: Charlotte Katherine Grindall Festing was a second cousin of Francis Leycester Festing
2. "Festing, Sir Francis Wogan (1902–1976), army officer".
3. "Field Marshal Sir Francis Festing". British Military History Biographies.
4. Heathcote, p. 118
5. {{London Gazette. (28 December 1923)
6. {{London Gazette. (3 August 1926)
7. {{London Gazette. (23 July 1926)
8. {{London Gazette. (20 May 1930)
9. {{London Gazette. (18 February 1936)
10. Heathcote, p. 119
11. {{London Gazette. (4 March 1938)
12. {{London Gazette. (23 December 1938)
13. {{London Gazette. (2 March 1948)
14. {{London Gazette. (16 July 1946)
15. {{London Gazette. (6 April 1951)
16. Foster, Geoffrey, ''36th Division – North Burma – 1944–45''
17. {{London Gazette. (3 April 1945)
18. {{London Gazette. (3 July 1945)
19. {{London Gazette. (4 June 1946)
20. {{London Gazette. (6 November 1945)
21. {{London Gazette. (23 August 1946)
22. {{London Gazette. (26 July 1949)
23. Heathcote, p. 120
24. {{London Gazette. (3 October 1950)
25. {{London Gazette. (17 April 1951)
26. {{London Gazette. (17 June 1952)
27. {{London Gazette. (1 August 1952)
28. {{London Gazette. (6 July 1954)
29. he became [[Commander-in-Chief]] [[British Far East Command. (4 June 1957)
30. {{London Gazette. (20 June 1958)
31. {{London Gazette. (26 September 1958)
32. {{London Gazette. (31 October 1961)
33. {{London Gazette. (30 April 1948)
34. {{London Gazette. (10 March 1953)
35. {{London Gazette. (4 November 1958)
36. {{London Gazette. (12 June 1968)
37. {{London Gazette. (29 May 1962)
38. Heathcote, p. 121
39. "Field Marshal Sir Francis Wogan Festing". ThePeerage.com.
40. "Fra' Matthew Festing". Order of Malta.
41. {{London Gazette. (23 November 1994)
42. "Honorary degrees for brothers". University of Northumbria.