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Fort Simpson

FieldValue
nameFort Simpson
native_nameŁı́ı́dlı̨ı̨ Kų́ę́
settlement_typeVillage
image_skylineFort Simpson from the air.jpg
image_shieldFortsimpsonlogo.png
pushpin_mapCanada Northwest Territories#Canada
subdivision_typeCountry
subdivision_nameCanada
subdivision_type1Territory
subdivision_name1Northwest Territories
subdivision_type2Region
subdivision_name2Dehcho Region
subdivision_type3Constituency
subdivision_name3Nahendeh
subdivision_type4Census division
subdivision_name4Region 4
leader_titleMayor
leader_nameLes Wright
leader_title1Senior Administrative Officer
leader_name1Darrell White
leader_title2MLA
leader_name2Shane Thompson
established_titleSettled
established_date1803
established_title2Village
established_date21822
established_title3Village (incorporated)
established_date31 January 1973
area_footnotes
area_land_km277.89
elevation_m169
coordinates
population_as_of2021
population_footnotes
population_total1,100
population_density_km214.1
timezoneMST
utc_offset−07:00
timezone_DSTMDT
utc_offset_DST−06:00
postal_code_typeCanadian Postal code
postal_codeX0E 0N0
area_code867
blank_nameTelephone exchange
blank_info695
blank2_namePrices
blank3_name- Living cost (2018)
blank3_info142.5
blank4_name- Food price index (2019)
blank4_info147.6
websitewww.fort-Simpson.com
footnotesSources:
Department of Municipal and Community Affairs,
Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre,
Canada Flight Supplement
2018 figure based on Edmonton = 100
2019 figure based on Yellowknife = 100
Note

the village in the Northwest Territories of Canada

Department of Municipal and Community Affairs, Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre, Canada Flight Supplement 2018 figure based on Edmonton = 100 2019 figure based on Yellowknife = 100

Fort Simpson (Slavey language: Łı́ı́dlı̨ı̨ Kų́ę́ "place where rivers come together") is a village, the only one in the entire territory, in the Dehcho Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada. The community is located on an island at the confluence of the Mackenzie and Liard rivers. It is approximately 600 km west of Yellowknife. Both rivers were traditionally trade routes for the Hudson's Bay Company and the native Dene people of the area.

Fort Simpson is the regional centre of the Dehcho and is the gateway to the scenic South Nahanni River and the Nahanni National Park Reserve. Fort Simpson can be reached by air, water and road and has full secondary and elementary school service. The Mackenzie Highway was extended to Fort Simpson in 1970–1971.

The central section of the community is on an island near the south bank of the Mackenzie River, but industrial areas and rural residential areas are located along the highway as far as the Fort Simpson Airport, just beyond which is the Liard River ferry crossing.

History

Fort Simpson was first started as a fur trading site in 1803 then named Fort of the Forks. The Village of Fort Simpson was a permanent settlement in July 1822 when the Hudson's Bay Company constructed a trading post, naming it for George Simpson, then the Governor of Rupert's Land. Until 1910 Fort Simpson was "a company town", with some participation by the Anglican and Roman Catholic Missions. The Dené know it as Łı́ı́dlı̨ı̨ Kų́ę́, meaning the place where the rivers come together. It was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1969.

Pope John Paul II attempted to visit the community in September 1984 as part of his Canadian tour, but was prevented from landing due to fog; in an address over the radio from Yellowknife, he promised to visit in the future. He did so in September 1987 near the end of the tour of the United States, making a side trip to Fort Simpson.

Culture

There are two main annual festivals which occur in Fort Simpson.

The first which is held in March is known as the "Beavertail Jamboree". This is a winter carnival which includes traditional games, snowmobile races, and talent shows.

The other festival is the "Open Sky Festival" which is held annually on or around the Canada Day long weekend. The Open Sky Festival is a multi-disciplinary arts festival which has occurred annually since 2001. Festival events include musical, theatrical, and other performances as well as traditional Dehcho Dene Crafts, visual arts, new media exhibitions, workshops, and demonstrations. The Open Sky festival is hosted by the Open Sky Creative Society, a multi-disciplinary arts organization serving artists working in the Dehcho region.

The Dene of the community are represented by the Łı́ı́dlı̨ı̨ Kų́ę́ First Nation and the Métis by Fort Simpson Métis Local 52. Both groups belong to the Dehcho First Nations. File:Welcome to Fort Simpson (5878148063).jpg |Welcome to Fort Simpson File:Radio Station, Fort Simpson, Northwest Territories - Station de radio, Fort Simpson (Territoires du Nord-Ouest) (38766481151).jpg |Radio Station, Fort Simpson, circa 1925 File:Fort Simpson - Canada day 2011.jpg|Ehdaa National Historic Site of Canada on Canada Day 2011 File:Lafferty Ferry dry docked for winter.jpg|Lafferty ferry dry docked for winter File:Liard River ferry Lafferty.jpg|Liard River ferry Lafferty

Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Fort Simpson had a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of . With a land area of 77.89 km2, it had a population density of in 2021.

In 2016, 890 people identified as Indigenous peoples. Of these the majority, 770, of the residents are First Nations with 95 Métis and 20 Inuit. The main languages are South Slavey and English.

|1956|495 |1961|563 |1966|712 |1971|747 |1976|1136 |1981|980 |1986|987 |1991|1142 |1996|1257 |2001|1163 |2006|1216 |2011|1238 |2016|1202 |2021|1100

|1996|1307 |1997|1295 |1998|1259 |1999|1266 |2000|1238 |2001|1261 |2002|1261 |2003|1254 |2004|1238 |2005|1242 |2006|1257 |2007|1237 |2008|1247 |2009|1270 |2010|1276 |2011|1279 |2012|1260 |2013|1232 |2014|1233 |2015|1229 |2016|1207 |2017|1174 |2018|1254 |2019|1250

Panethnic group20212016201120062001Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Total responses1,0801,1801,3001,1951,150Total population1,1001,2021,2381,2161,163
Indigenous825890950825795
European225260315350340
African20010010
Southeast Asian101010100
South Asian010000
East Asian00202010
Middle Eastern00000
Latin American00000
Other/multiracial0100100
Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses

Climate

Fort Simpson has a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc) with long, cold winters and warm but short summers. July temperatures are unusually warm for such northerly areas, which demonstrates the extreme continental nature of the area's climate. However, the heat quickly turns into cold winters when daylight hours turn drastically shorter. Transition seasons are extremely short, and the year is on average dominated by the winter and to a lesser extent, summer. The average monthly temperatures range from -23.6 C in January to 17.7 C in July. Most of the precipitation falls during the summer months.

The highest temperature ever recorded in Fort Simpson was 36.6 C on 25 July 1994 and 13 July 2014.{{cite web

Notable residents

  • Jim Antoine, eighth premier of the Northwest Territories
  • William Lafferty, politician, Canadian Forces officer and newspaper columnist
  • Melaw Nakehk'o, actress, artist, and activist
  • Nick Sibbeston, fourth premier of the Northwest Territories.
  • Dahti Tsetso, Tłı̨chǫ environmentalist and educator, born in Fort Simpson

Notes

References

References

  1. {{Cite cgndb. LAILM. Fort Simpson
  2. {{MACANT. fort-simpson. Fort Simpson. 13 January 2014
  3. "Northwest Territories Official Community Names and Pronunciation Guide". Education, Culture and Employment, Government of the Northwest Territories.
  4. {{CFS
  5. [https://www.statsnwt.ca/community-data/Profile-PDF/Fort%20Simpson.pdf Fort Simpson - Statistical Profile]
  6. (2007-08-08). "Harper announces expansion of N.W.T. park". [[CBC News]].
  7. [http://www.fortsimpson.com/history.html Fort Simpson Historical Society] {{webarchive. link. (2008-09-17)
  8. {{DFHD. 327. Fort Simpson National Historic Site of Canada. 11 October 2013
  9. link. (2006-11-18)
  10. [http://www.openskyfestival.ca Open Sky Creative Society]
  11. [http://www.dehchofirstnations.com/members/fort_simpson.htm Liidli Kue First Nation] {{webarchive. link. (2008-03-02)
  12. [http://www.dehchofirstnations.com/members/fort_simpson_metis.htm Fort Simpson Métis] {{webarchive. link. (2008-03-02)
  13. [http://www.dehchofirstnations.com/members/index.html Dehcho First Nations] {{webarchive. link. (2007-02-03)
  14. (February 9, 2022). "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), Northwest Territories". [[Statistics Canada]].
  15. (February 8, 2017). "Census Profile, 2016 Census Fort Simpson, Village [Census subdivision], Northwest Territories and Region 4, Region [Census division], Northwest Territories". [[Statistics Canada]].
  16. (March 8, 1963). "1961 Census of Canada". [[Statistics Canada.
  17. (March 1973). "1971 Census of Canada: Population". [[Statistics Canada]].
  18. (June 1977). "1976 Census of Canada: Population - Geographic Distributions". [[Statistics Canada]].
  19. (May 1992). "1981 Census of Canada: Census subdivisions in decreasing population order". [[Statistics Canada]].
  20. (September 1987). "1986 Census: Population - Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions". [[Statistics Canada]].
  21. (April 1992). "91 Census: Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions - Population and Dwelling Counts". [[Statistics Canada]].
  22. (April 1997). "96 Census: A National Overview - Population and Dwelling Counts". [[Statistics Canada]].
  23. (August 15, 2012). "Population and Dwelling Counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, and Census Subdivisions (Municipalities), 2001 and 1996 Censuses - 100% Data (Northwest Territories)". [[Statistics Canada]].
  24. (August 20, 2021). "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses - 100% data (Northwest Territories)". [[Statistics Canada]].
  25. (July 25, 2021). "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses (Northwest Territories)". [[Statistics Canada]].
  26. [https://www.statsnwt.ca/population/population-estimates/commtotals_2001-2017.xlsx Population Estimates By Community] from the GNWT
  27. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada. (2022-10-26). "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population".
  28. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada. (2021-10-27). "Census Profile, 2016 Census".
  29. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada. (2015-11-27). "NHS Profile".
  30. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada. (2019-08-20). "2006 Community Profiles".
  31. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada. (2019-07-02). "2001 Community Profiles".
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communities-in-the-dehcho-region dene-communities hudson's-bay-company-forts heritage-sites-in-the-northwest-territories national-historic-sites-in-the-northwest-territories populated-places-on-the-mackenzie-river villages-in-the-northwest-territories 1803-establishments-in-the-british-empire 1822-establishments-in-the-british-empire 1973-establishments-in-the-northwest-territories populated-places-established-in-1803 populated-places-established-in-1822 populated-places-established-in-1973
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