Fort Pierce, Florida

History

The city was named after the Fort Pierce army post which was built nearby in 1838 during the Second Seminole War, and lasted until 1842.

The first permanent settlement of the current city was during the 1860s. In 1901, the city was officially incorporated as a municipality. It was the largest city on Florida's Atlantic Coast between Daytona Beach and West Palm Beach until 1970, when it was surpassed by Melbourne.

Lincoln Park

The neighborhood of Lincoln Park, the area north of Moore's Creek, originated as Edgartown. The renowned writer, Zora Neale Hurston lived in the neighborhood. In its heyday in the 1950s and 1960s, a thriving African-American community, centered along Avenue D. It was the county's center for African-American businesses and the Lincoln Theater on Avenue D. Lincoln Park Academy is situated in the neighborhood on Avenue I, west of North 17th Street.

The Florida Highwaymen

Main article: Florida Highwaymen

Lincoln Park each February hosts a celebration of the artwork of the African-American collective of landscape artists formed in the 1950s. Local artist A.E. Backus mentored many of the artists at his gallery. Several of the artists got their start at Lincoln Park Academy under the leadership of teacher Zanobia Jefferson. Art historian Jim Fitch in 1994 gave the group the name of 'the Highwaymen'. Over the course of 2001 to 2020, Gary Monroe wrote several books on the artwork of the 26 artists known as Highwaymen (including one woman).

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 29.84 mi2 (77.29 km2), of which 23.79 square miles (61.62 km2) is land and 6.05 square miles (15.67 km2) of it (20%) is water.

Environment

Shore Protection project

According to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, The Fort Pierce Beach Shore Protection project includes 1.3 mi of shore-line running from immediately south of the Fort Pierce Inlet southward to Surfside Park. The project is on a two-year renourishment cycle due to impacts to the beach from the federal navigation project at Fort Pierce Inlet. This two-year renourishment cycle is a much shorter renourishment interval than what is typical for other projects along the east coast of Florida.

The initial construction of the project occurred in 1971, and the ninth nourishment was completed in May 2013. Completion of plans and specifications, advertisement and award for the 10th renourishment contract were completed in FY 2014. The project was scheduled to start mid-February 2015. Sand for the project is dredged from an approved offshore borrow area known as the Capron Shoal and then pumped via a pipeline onto the 1.3 mi of beach south of the Fort Pierce Inlet. The sponsor, St. Lucie County, is preparing a General Reevaluation Report (GRR) for the project at their own expense that will evaluate extending Federal participation for an additional 50 years. Current Federal participation expires in 2020.

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers estimates the total cost of the project to be $75.9 million, with an estimated U.S. Federal Government share of $46.4 million. No funding for the project was requested by the U.S. President from the U.S. Congress in Fiscal Year 2016.

Ecology

The Experimental Oculina Research Reserve preserves the Oculina Banks, a reef of ivory bush coral (Oculina varicosa) off the coast of Fort Pierce, Florida. In 1984, a 92 square-nautical-mile (316 km2) portion of these reefs was designated the "Oculina Habitat Area of Particular Concern". In 1994, the area was closed to all manner of bottom fishing and was redesignated as a research reserve. In 2000, the marine protected area was expanded to 300 square nautical miles (1,030 km2) and prohibited all gears that caused mechanical disruption to the habitat. The city is also known for its large manatee population.

Marina

Due to the devastation caused at the Fort Pierce City Marina by hurricanes Frances and Jeanne in 2004, FEMA mandated a plan to ensure that the rebuilt facility would be protected from future such events before FEMA would release funding for the repairs. Starting in 2012, construction began to create 12 artificial barrier islands including oyster beds, lime rock artificial reefs, mangrove fringes and coastal dune. The "core" of the islands was constructed of TITANTubes, sometimes referred to as geotextile tubes or geotubes, manufactured by Flint Industries and covered by a coastal marine mattress and then armor stone. The project was completed in 2013 after six years of planning, permitting and construction and a cost of $18 million.

Climate

Fort Pierce is located in the broad transition zone between a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), which dominates Central Florida, and within the northern extent of the tropical climate typical of South Florida. |Jan avg record high F = 84.4 |Feb avg record high F = 86.4 |Mar avg record high F = 89.4 |Apr avg record high F = 91.0 |May avg record high F = 93.4 |Jun avg record high F = 94.9 |Jul avg record high F = 95.7 |Aug avg record high F = 95.0 |Sep avg record high F = 93.3 |Oct avg record high F = 90.9 |Nov avg record high F = 87.0 |Dec avg record high F = 84.7 |year avg record high F = 97.0

|Jan avg record low F = 34.0 |Feb avg record low F = 37.0 |Mar avg record low F = 41.3 |Apr avg record low F = 47.6 |May avg record low F = 56.7 |Jun avg record low F = 66.5 |Jul avg record low F = 68.7 |Aug avg record low F = 69.2 |Sep avg record low F = 67.2 |Oct avg record low F = 53.9 |Nov avg record low F = 44.7 |Dec avg record low F = 38.1 |year avg record low F = 31.8

|Jan record high F = 89 |Feb record high F = 90 |Mar record high F = 93 |Apr record high F = 97 |May record high F = 98 |Jun record high F = 101 |Jul record high F = 101 |Aug record high F = 101 |Sep record high F = 99 |Oct record high F = 98 |Nov record high F = 92 |Dec record high F = 89 |year record high F = |Jan record low F = 19 |Feb record low F = 25 |Mar record low F = 26 |Apr record low F = 33 |May record low F = 45 |Jun record low F = 56 |Jul record low F = 61 |Aug record low F = 61 |Sep record low F = 59 |Oct record low F = 42 |Nov record low F = 31 |Dec record low F = 19 |year record low F =

Demographics

|align-fn=center 2010 2020

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 47,297 people, 16,687 households, and 10,005 families residing in the city.

As of the 2010 United States census, there were 41,590 people, 15,207 households, and 9,515 families residing in the city.

As of the census of 2010, the population density was 2,021.9 PD/sqmi. There were 17,170 housing units at an average density of 1,164.7 /sqmi.

In 2010, there were 15,207 households, out of which 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.3% were married couples living together, 19.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.9% were non-families. 32.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.50.

In 2010, in the city, the population was spread out, with 25.9% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 20 to 24, 13.3% from 25 to 34, 13.0% from 45 to 54, 9.8% from 55 to 64 and 6.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.9 males.

In 2010, the median income for a household in the city was $30,869, and the median income for a family was $36,337. Males had a median income of $32,412 versus $26,349 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,782. 30.2% of the population were below the poverty line.

Economy

Port of Fort Pierce

According to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, an average of 350,000 tons of waterborne commerce moves through the Port of Fort Pierce annually. Major commodities which are dependent on the port include citrus exports, cement and aragonite imports. The last navigation improvements at Fort Pierce were authorized by the U.S. Congress in the Water Resources Development Act of 1988, and construction was completed in August 1996. The existing entrance channel is 400 ft wide and 30 ft deep, the interior channel is 250 ft wide and 28 ft deep, the existing turning basin is 1100 ft square and 28 ft deep, and the north access channel is located immediately north of the main turning basin is 1250 ft feet long, 250 ft wide and 28 ft deep.

In late 2014, dredging efforts were completed in the port. The dredging effort included placement of beach quality sand on the beach immediately south of the Inlet and placement of non-beach quality sand in the approved offshore disposal area.

Arts and culture

Tourist attractions

• A.E. Backus Museum and Gallery
• Arcade Building
• Art Mundo at the Art Bank
• Boston House
• Dust Tracks of Zora Neale Hurston
• Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
• Heathcote Botanical Gardens
• Historic Main Street
• Florida Power and Light Energy Encounter
• Lincoln Park Main Street
• Old Fort Pierce City Hall
• Old Fort Park
• Manatee Center
• Navy UDT-SEAL Museum (Fort Pierce was the original home of the United States Navy SEALs)
• Smithsonian Marine Ecosystem Exhibit
• St. Lucie County Marine Center
• St. Lucie County Regional History Center
• Sunrise Theatre

Government

The city of Fort Pierce has a council–manager government form of local government. The offices of commissioner and mayor are nonpartisan, and have a term of four years.

Education

Colleges and universities

• Florida Atlantic University Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
• Florida State University Medical School Regional Campus
• Indian River State College
• University of Florida Indian River Research and Education Center

High schools

• Faith Baptist School
• Fort Pierce Central High School
• Fort Pierce Westwood Academy
• John Carroll Catholic High School
• Lincoln Park Academy

Middle schools

• Creative Arts Academy of Saint Lucie
• Dan McCarty Middle School
• Forest Grove Middle School
• Lincoln Park Academy
• Saint Anastasia Middle School
• Saint Andrew's Academy
• Samuel S. Gaines Academy K–8

Elementary schools

• Chester A. Moore Elementary School
• Creative Arts Academy of Saint Lucie
• Fairlawn Elementary School
• Francis K. Sweet Elementary School
• Lakewood Park Elementary School
• Lawnwood Elementary School
• Samuel S. Gaines Academy K–8
• Weatherbee Elementary School
• White City Elementary School

Infrastructure

Transportation

Fort Pierce is located on US 1, near its intersection of SR 70. I-95 and Florida's Turnpike are nearby, at the west edge of town. The Intracoastal Waterway passes through the city. The nearest airport with scheduled passenger service is in Melbourne; the closest major airport is in West Palm Beach. The city itself has a general aviation airport, Treasure Coast International Airport.

Fort Pierce is served by the St. Lucie Transportation Planning Organization (TPO). The TPO is a Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO), a federally mandated and federally funded transportation policy-making organization responsible for transportation planning, programming, and financing of State and Federal transportation funds for the City of Fort Pierce. The TPO is governed by a TPO Board, which is composed of elected officials, representatives from the St. Lucie County School Board, and representatives from Community Transit, a division of The Council on Aging of St. Lucie, Inc. The original bus system started as a demand response service bus in the 1990s; it only served St. Lucie County. Soon it expanded to a fixed route system, going to predetermined locations along a route. On June 3, 2002, the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) approved funding, expanding the bus service to Martin County, and it became the Treasure Coast Connector.

From 1894 to 1968, the Florida East Coast Railway served the city as a passenger railroad. Until a strike beginning in 1963, several long-distance passenger trains from Chicago, Cincinnati and New York City made stops there, en route to Miami. These long distances trains included the Illinois Central Railroad's City of Miami and the Louisville & Nashville Railroad's South Wind, both heading from Chicago; and the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad's East Coast Champion, the Havana Special, and the winter-only Florida Special originating from New York. Into the latter 1950s, passengers could take the Dixie Flagler to Chicago via Atlanta from the station. The FEC continued a six day a week Jacksonville-Miami train from 1965 to 1968, per court order.

Amtrak and the Florida East Coast Railway had been planning to make stations along Florida's East Coast. The cities cited by Amtrak and the Florida Department of Transportation included: Stuart, Fort Pierce, Vero Beach, Melbourne, Titusville, Cocoa, Daytona Beach and St. Augustine.

In 2023, Brightline, an inter-city rail route that currently runs between Miami and Orlando, announced that it was looking for sites for a new station on the Treasure Coast. As of 2024, there are currently no plans to add a station in Fort Pierce.

Notable people==

Arts and entertainment

• Ricou Browning, stunt performer, filmmaker and actor
• Michael P. Nash, filmmaker
• Lisa Janti, actress
• A. E. Backus, painter
• Zora Neale Hurston, writer, anthropologist and folklorist
• Lori McNamara, painter
• Ted Hewitt, country music producer
• Gary Stewart, country singer

Politics

• Alto L. Adams, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Florida
• James E. Alderman, Chief Justice, Florida Supreme Court
• Dale Cassens, member of the Florida House of Representatives
• Brian Mast, U.S. Representative
• Daniel T. McCarty, 31st Governor of Florida{{cite web|url=http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_florida/col2-content/main-content-list/title_mccarty_daniel.html|title = Florida Governor Daniel Thomas McCarty
• Allen R. Sturtevant, Associate Justice of the Vermont Supreme Court

Sports

• Jeff Blackshear, NFL guard
• Jamar Chaney, NFL linebacker
• Yamon Figurs, NFL and CFL wide receiver
• Charles Johnson, MLB catcher{{cite web|url=http://www.baseball-almanac.com/players/player.php?p=johnsch04/| title = Charles Johnson Stats| publisher= Baseball Almanac|access-date= December 10, 2012}}
• Ladislav Karabin, Slovak ice hockey player
• Khalil Mack, NFL linebacker
• Terry McGriff, MLB catcher{{cite web|url=http://www.baseball-almanac.com/players/player.php?p=mcgrite01|title = Terry McGriff Stats
• Ryan McNeil, NFL defensive back
• Wonder Monds, NFL defensive back
• Luther Robinson, NFL defensive end
• Larry Sanders, NBA player
• Jeff Schwarz, MLB pitcher
• Herbert Strong, golfer and golf course architect
• LaDaris Vann, CFL player

Other

• Kimberly Bergalis, victim of first known case of clinical transmission of HIV
• Edwin Binney, co-founder of Crayola Crayons
• Roslyn M. Brock, Chairman of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
• Louise Gopher, the first Seminole woman to earn a bachelor's degree
• John Houghtaling, entrepreneur and inventor
• CeeCee Lyles, Flight attendant on United Airlines Flight 93

References

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