Foreign relations of the Philippines

Foreign policy

Philippine foreign policy is based on the advancement of Filipino ideals and values, which include the advancement of democracy and advocacy for human rights worldwide.

The Philippines actively engages with regional neighbors in Southeast Asia through the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (as a founding member) with the intention of strengthening regional harmony, stability, and prosperity. It has been a supporter of East Timor since the latter's independence and has expanded trade links with its traditional allies Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand. Relations with Vietnam and Cambodia have thawed in the 1990s after their entry into the ASEAN.

The Republic of the Philippines considers itself a staunch ally of the United States and has supported many points of American foreign policy. This is evident in the Philippines' participation in the Iraq War and the war on terror. Speaking to this support, U.S. President George W. Bush praised the Philippines as a bastion of democracy in the East and called the Philippines America's oldest ally in Asia. President Bush's speech on October 18, 2003, was only the second U.S. presidential address to the Philippine Congress; U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower delivered the first.

With a robust relationship to the United States, the administration of former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo sought to establish closer ties to its earlier colonizer, Spain. This was inspired by the attendance of King Juan Carlos and Queen Sofía at the June 12, 1998 celebration honoring the centennial of the Philippines' independence from Spain. President Macapagal-Arroyo made two official visits to Spain during her presidency.

In recent years, the Philippines attaches great importance in its relations with China, and has established significant cooperation with the country.

The Armed Forces of the Philippines has participated in various regional conflicts, including the Korean War and the Vietnam War. Recently, the Philippines sent peacekeeping forces to Iraq, in addition to civilian doctors, nurses and police. The Filipino mission was later recalled as collateral for the release of a Filipino hostage. As part of a UN peacekeeping operation, Philippine Army General Jaime de los Santos became the first commander of troops responsible for maintaining order in East Timor.

The Philippines is in tension with rival international claimants to various land and water territories in the South China Sea. The Philippines is currently in dispute with the People's Republic of China over the Camago and Malampaya gas fields. The two countries are also in dispute over the Scarborough Shoal. Additionally, the Philippines has a disputed claim over the Spratly Islands.

The Philippines maintains strategic partnerships with Australia, India, Japan, South Korea, and Vietnam.

Recruitment of Foreign Service Officers

The Department of Foreign Affairs in cooperation with the Civil Service Commission conducts an annual recruitment of would-be career diplomats called Foreign Service Officer Examination (FSOE). With application deadlines typically falling on October or November, it is a sequential series of written (initial - typically held late January of early February, second - essay types on various topics related to Philosophy, Politics, Economics, history, diplomacy, foreign policy typically on middle of a calendar year), psychological and oral (debates, impromptu speeches) examinations typically done over a period of several months to over a year. An initial interview around April, months after the initial written examination seems to have been removed from the proces as of the 2025 cycle. Some quarters say that it is one if not the most difficult eligibility examination in the country, even harder than the Bar Exam that there would be years where no one among the initial applicants passed all the way through the conclusion of an annual cycle. The initial criteria for eligibility isn't that stringent - an applicant only has to have a/any Bachelor's degree and had worked/be formally employed for at least two years. Successful applicants enter the government service as "Foreign Service Officer Class IV" with a starting base pay of approximately PHP 85,000 as of 2025 .

For the 2024-2025 cycle, the Department held a 2nd cycle of recruitment with an earlier than normal deadline of September 18 2025 - for those who already passed the written exam (even from years prior - as the eligibility is forever*) and perhaps failed &/or did not push through with the succeeding parts.

*Except if revoked for the putative reasons of "moral turpitude", fraud on the application, or for cause when already entered the service.

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which the Philippines maintains diplomatic relations with:

Bilateral relations

Asia

Africa

Americas

Europe

Oceania

Relations with former states

Multilateral relations

Issues

References

References

1. "About Us". Permanent Mission of the Republic of the Philippines to the United Nations.
2. "The Philippines and the UN Security Council". Permanent Mission of the Republic of the Philippines to the United Nations.
3. (November 20, 2019). "SWS July 3-6, 2020 National Mobile Phone Survey – Report No. 4: Net trust of Filipinos is "Good" +42 for the United States, "Moderate" +27 for Australia, and "Bad" -36 for China". Social Weather Stations.
4. "Senior Chinese legislator visits Philippines to boost ties – Xinhua {{!}} English.news.cn". www.xinhuanet.com.
5. (September 5, 2018). "Warship incident shows Sino-Philippine relations have come a long way: China Daily". The Straits Times.
6. (2017). "China, ASEAN agree on framework for South China Sea code of conduct". Reuters.
7. "China, Philippines confirm twice-yearly bilateral consultation mechanism on South China Sea – Xinhua {{!}} English.news.cn". news.xinhuanet.com.
8. "Progress made on draft of South China Sea code of conduct". philstar.com.
9. "Subscribe {{!}} theaustralian". www.theaustralian.com.au.
10. (August 5, 2025). "India joins Philippines' allies as 5th strategic partner". The Philippine Star.
11. "Treaty of Friendship between the Philippines and the United Arab Republic of Egypt".
12. (4 July 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Commonwealth of Australia celebrate 77 years of formal diplomatic relations today, July 04!".
13. "Overview of the Philippines - Belgium Bilateral Relations".
14. (4 July 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Federative Republic of Brazil celebrate 77 years of formal diplomatic relations today, July 04!".
15. (4 July 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Cuba celebrate 77 years of formal diplomatic relations today, July 04!".
16. "REGISTRO DE FECHAS DE ESTABLECIMIENTO DE RD".
17. "Países".
18. "Bilateral relations". [[Embassy of the Philippines, London]].
19. "All Countries".
20. (6 July 2022). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Colombia celebrated 76 years of formal diplomatic relations yesterday, July 5!".
21. (5 July 2023). "he Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Costa Rica celebrate 77 years of formal diplomatic relations today, July 05!".
22. (5 July 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Honduras celebrate 77 years of formal diplomatic relations today, July 05!".
23. (6 July 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Haiti celebrate 77 years of formal diplomatic relations today, July 06!".
24. (26 August 2022). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg celebrate 76 years of formal diplomatic relations today, August 26!".
25. (4 September 2019). "Today, September 4, we celebrate 73 years of the establishment of formal diplomatic relations between the Philippines and Syria.".
26. Office of the Government of the Philippines. "Country Profile: Kingdom of Denmark". WayBack Machine.
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28. (24 October 2022). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Lebanon celebrate 76 years of formal diplomatic relations today, October 24!".
29. "I Documenti Diplomatici Italiani Decima Serie: 1943-1948 Volume IV (13 luglio 1946 - l o febbraio 1947)".
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33. (27 April 1999). "Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater".
34. "Countries & Regions".
35. (27 August 2022). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Argentina celebrate 74 years of formal diplomatic relations today, August 27!".
36. "Treaty of Friendship between the Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Turke".
37. (22 March 2017). "Joint Press Statement on the Official Visit to Thailand by His Excellency Rodrigo Roa Duterte, President of the Republic of the Philippines 21 March 2017 Bangkok".
38. (8 September 2022). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan celebrate 73 years of formal diplomatic relations today, September 8!".
39. (16 November 2022). "he Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of India celebrate 73 years of formal diplomatic relations today, November 16!".
40. "Briefer: Diplomatic relations between the Philippines and Indonesia".
41. Linwood, DeLong. (January 2020). "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019".
42. (28 August 2020). "The Philippines and Greece celebrate 70 years of diplomatic relations".
43. "Diplomatic relations of the Holy See".
44. (18 May 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and Netherlands celebrate 72 years of formal diplomatic relations".
45. (2001). "El Mercado de valores". Nacional Financiera, S.A..
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50. (28 July 2021). "Video Message by Prime Minister Suga on the “65th Anniversary of the Normalization of the Diplomatic Relations between Japan and the Philippines”".
51. "Diplomatic relations".
52. (6 March 2017). "Today, we celebrate 60 years of formal diplomatic relations with Ghana!".
53. (9 August 2022). "The Republic of the Philippines and the State of Israel celebrate 65 years of formal diplomatic relations today, August 9!".
54. "LIST OF MEMBER STATES OF THE UNITED NATIONS (193) HAVING DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH CAMBODIA".
55. (28 February 2014). "Philippines, Switzerland agree to strengthen political and economic cooperation".
56. "Bilateral Relations".
57. (22 September 2018). "Today, September 22, we celebrate 58 years of the establishment of formal diplomatic relations between the Philippines and Chad.".
58. "Diplomatic relations".
59. (11 December 2016). "Today we celebrate 55 years of formal diplomatic relations with Cameroon!".
60. (15 December 2016). "Today we celebrate 55 years of formal diplomatic relations with the United Republic of Tanzania!".
61. "RELACIONES DIPLOMATICAS DE CHILE CON LOS PAISES DE LA CUENCA DEL PACIFICO".
62. (1 August 2020). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Federal Republic of Nigeria celebrate 58 years of formal diplomatic relations today, August 1!".
63. (12 December 2022). "The Philippines and The Republic of Paraguay".
64. (22 January 2022). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Islamic Republic of Iran celebrate 58 years of formal diplomatic relations today, January 22!".
65. "Senarai tarikh penubuhan hubungan diplomatik Malaysia dan negara - negara luar".
66. (24 April 2020). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta celebrate 55 years of formal diplomatic relations today, April 24!".
67. (27 February 2017). "Today we celebrate 52 years of formal diplomatic relations with Zambia!".
68. (6 July 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Aotearoa New Zealand celebrate 57 years of formal diplomatic relations today, July 06!".
69. (6 February 2017). "Today we celebrate 50 years of formal diplomatic relations with Botswana!".
70. (21 February 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Nauru celebrate 55 years of formal diplomatic relations!".
71. (2003). "Libro amarillo correspondiente al año ...: presentado al Congreso Nacional en sus sesiones ordinarias de ... por el titular despacho". Venezuela. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores.
72. (17 September 2020). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan celebrate 52 years of formal diplomatic relations today, September 17!".
73. (28 November 2016). "Today we celebrate 48 years of formal diplomatic relations with Equatorial Guinea!".
74. "Diplomatic & consular list".
75. (24 October 2022). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia celebrate 53 years of formal diplomatic relations today, October 24!".
76. (7 January 2022). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Plurinational State of Bolivia celebrate 52 years of formal diplomatic relations today, January 7!".
77. (24 February 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and the People's Republic of Bangladesh celebrate 51 years of formal diplomatic relations today, February 24!".
78. "Diplomatic Relations of Romania".
79. (February 28, 2018). "PHxRS".
80. "Relaciones Diplomáticas de Guatemala".
81. (9 August 2021). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Nicaragua celebrate 48 years of formal diplomatic relations today, August 10!".
82. "Philippines".
83. (28 September 2021). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Hungary celebrate 48 years of formal diplomatic relations today, September 28!".
84. "RELACIONES DIPLOMÁTICAS DE LA REPÚBLICA DE PANAMÁ".
85. "Philippine–Czech Relations". Embassy of the Philippines, Prague.
86. "LIST OF COUNTRIES MAINTAINING DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH MONGOLIA".
87. "Установяване, прекъсване u възстановяване на дипломатическите отношения на България (1878-2005)".
88. "Formal diplomatic relations list".
89. (11 May 2023). "Countries with which the Republic of Maldives has established Diplomatic Relations".
90. (19 August 2022). "The Republic of the Philippines and the United Arab Emirates celebrate 48 years of formal diplomatic relations today, August 19!".
91. (30 November 2022). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Peru celebrate 48 years of formal diplomatic relations today, November 30!".
92. (12 January 2020). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Iraq celebrate 47 years of formal diplomatic relations today, January 12!".
93. (10 April 2017). "Today we celebrate 42 years of formal diplomatic relations with Algeria!".
94. (10 April 2017). "Today we celebrate 42 years of formal diplomatic relations with {{sic".
95. (9 June 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and the People's Republic of China celebrate 48 years of formal diplomatic relations today, June 9!".
96. (4 July 2019). "Today, July 4, we celebrate 44 years of the establishment of formal diplomatic relations between the Philippines and Kenya.".
97. (1976). "Guidelines of the Foreign Policy of Papua New Guinea: Universalism". Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Papua New Guinea.
98. (15 December 2016). "Today we celebrate 41 years of formal diplomatic relations with Tunisia!".
99. "RELACIONES BILATERALES ENTRE URUGUAY Y FILIPINAS".
100. (1 March 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan celebrate 47 years of formal diplomatic relations today, March 1!".
101. (7 March 2017). "Today, we celebrate 41 years of formal diplomatic relations with Sudan!".
102. (15 March 2017). "Today, we celebrate 41 years of formal diplomatic relations with Senegal!".
103. (20 April 2017). "Today we celebrate 41 years of formal diplomatic relations with Somalia!".
104. (2 June 2017). "Today we celebrate 41 years of formal diplomatic relations with Central African Republic!".
105. (2 June 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Russian Federation celebrate 47 years of formal diplomatic relations".
106. (1 July 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Commonwealth of The Bahamas celebrate 47 years of formal diplomatic relations today, July 1!".
107. (3 July 2021). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Liberia celebrate 45 years of formal diplomatic relations tomorrow, July 4!".
108. (6 July 2022). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Ecuador celebrated 76 years of formal diplomatic relations yesterday, July 5!".
109. (6 July 2020). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Gabonese Republic celebrate 44 years of formal diplomatic relations today, July 6!".
110. (April 2010). "Asia". Government of Vietnam.
111. (17 November 2016). "Today we celebrate 40 years of formal diplomatic relations with Libya!".
112. (7 February 2017). "Today we celebrate 40 years of formal diplomatic relations with Ethiopia!".
113. (4 May 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Yemen celebrate 46 years of formal diplomatic relations today, May 4!".
114. (1 June 2021). "The Republic of the Philippines and Samoa celebrate 44 years of formal diplomatic relations today, June 1!".
115. (9 June 2020). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Malta celebrate 43 years of formal diplomatic relations today, June 9!".
116. (27 October 2016). "Today we celebrate 39 years of the establishment of formal diplomatic relations with Guinea-Bissau!".
117. (28 November 2022). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Kingdom of Bahrain celebrated 44 years of formal diplomatic relations on November 27!".
118. "Diplomatic relations between Philippines and ...".
119. "Philippine-Cyprus Relations".
120. (10 August 2023). "PBBM vows to explore, enhance bilateral relations with Zimbabwe".
121. (16 April 2021). "Countries with which Jamaica has Established Diplomatic Relations".
122. (6 October 2022). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Sultanate of Oman celebrate 42 years of formal diplomatic relations today, October 6!".
123. (25 December 2016). "Today we celebrate 36 years of formal diplomatic relations with Guinea!".
124. (5 May 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and the State of Qatar celebrate 42 years of formal diplomatic relations today, May 5!".
125. (1 July 2021). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Kingdom of Tonga celebrate 40 years of formal diplomatic relations today, July 1!".
126. "Le Mois en Afrique, Issues 194-202". Le Mois en Afrique, 1982.
127. (5 January 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and Negara Brunei Darussalam celebrated 39 years of formal diplomatic relations on January 1!".
128. (5 July 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Ireland celebrate 39 years of formal diplomatic relations today, July 05!".
129. (11 June 2023). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Albania celebrate 36 years of formal diplomatic relations".
130. "LISTING OF ALL COUNTRIES WHICH HAVE ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH THE REPUBLIC OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDS (As of 13 February 2019)".
131. "FSM Diplomatic Relations List". Government of the Federated States of Micronesia.
132. (4 September 2017). "The Philippines and the State of Palestine celebrates 28 years of formal diplomatic relations this year!".
133. (3 April 2017). "Today we celebrate 26 years of formal diplomatic relations with Sierra Leone!".
134. "Kazakhstan's relations with Indonesia and the Philippines".
135. Mendoza, Amado Jr.. (1995). "Philippine policy perspectives on Russia, Central Asia and other Soviet successor states". Foreign Service Institute.
136. "Bilateral relations".
137. "Štáty a teritóriá".
138. Đogić, Mojca Pristavec. (September 2016). "Priznanja samostojne Slovenije".
139. "Bilateral relations - Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations".
140. "STATES WITH WHICH TURKMENISTAN ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS".
141. "Bilateral Relations (country profiles listed alphabetically)".
142. (22 March 2017). "Today, we celebrate 22 years of formal diplomatic relations with Cote d'Ivoire!".
143. "PHILIPPINES-LIECHTENSTEIN RELATIONS".
144. (17 May 2021). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Namibia celebrate 25 years of formal diplomatic relations today, May 17".
145. "Bilateral relations with the Republic of the Philippines".
146. (26 June 2017). "Today we celebrate 21 years of formal diplomatic relations with Gambia!".
147. (4 February 2022). "The Republic of the Philippines and the State of Eritrea celebrate 25 years of formal diplomatic relations today, February 4!".
148. "Countries with which Palau has Diplomatic Relations". U.S. Department of the Interior.
149. (22 January 2017). "Today we celebrate 19 years of formal diplomatic relations with Mauritius!".
150. (26 February 2017). "Today we celebrate 19 years of formal diplomatic relations with the Djibouti!".
151. (15 April 2017). "Today we celebrate 19 years of formal diplomatic relations with Lesotho!".
152. (3 January 2019). "Today, January 3, we celebrate 19 years of the establishment of formal diplomatic relations between the Philippines and Benin.".
153. (9 January 2017). "Today we celebrate 17 years of formal diplomatic relations with the Democratic Republic of Congo!".
154. "Diplomatic relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Andorra.
155. "The Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Kiribati celebrate 21 years of formal diplomatic relations today, March 25! (DFA Philippines)".
156. (6 May 2025). "Departure Statement of Hon. Enrique A. Manalo, Secretary for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of the Philippines on his Official Travel to Attend the 28th Meeting of the Council for Foreign and Community Relations (COFCOR) of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM)".
157. (2016). "DPRK Diplomatic Relations". NCNK.
158. (2022). "Datumi priznanja i uspostave diplomatskih odnosa".
159. "The Republic of the Philippines and the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste celebrate 19 years of formal diplomatic relations today, May 20".
160. "The Republic of the Philippines and Tuvalu celebrate 19 years of formal diplomatic relations today, September 23!".
161. "Rapporti bilaterali della Repubblica di San Marino".
162. (16 December 2003). "Uganda: Museveni Receives New Envoys".
163. (1 June 2020). "Solomon Islands Diplomatic and Consular List". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and External Trade of Solomon Islands.
164. "Rapport de Politique Extérieure 2007".
165. "Tabela priznanja i uspostavljanja diplomatskih odnosa". Montenegro Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration.
166. "Le Chef de l'Etat a reçu les lettres de créance du nouvel Ambassadeur de la République de Philippines en Union des Comores".
167. Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Immigration. (2011-12-16). "The Cook Islands and the Philippines Establish Formal Diplomatic Ties". Cook Islands Government.
168. (15 March 2013). "PHL, South Sudan establish diplomatic ties". GMA News.
169. (30 September 2021). "The Republic of the Philippines and the Islamic Republic of Mauritania celebrate 8 years of formal diplomatic relations today, September 30!".
170. "Signing of the Joint Communique with Niue Premier Dalton Tagelagi 9/27/2022". Youtube.
171. "Overview of Philippines-Mali Bilateral Relations".
172. "Philippines and Grenada Establish Diplomatic Relations".
173. (7 October 2025). "PH, Bhutan establish formal diplomatic relations". [[Philippine News Agency]].
174. "Overview of RP-Bahrain Relations". Philippine Embassy – Manama, Bahrain.
175. . (July 24, 2014). ["Bilateral Relations: Bangladesh"](http://dhakape.dfa.gov.ph/2014-05-16-03-22-13/2014-07-21-08-40-49). *Philippine Embassy – Dhaka, Bangladesh*.
176. (September 5, 2014). "Bhutan Prime Minister Visits ADB to Celebrate Three-Decade Partnership".
177. Center, Public-Private Partnership. (October 15, 2014). "PH PPP program draws interest from foreign gov'ts".
178. "RP, Brunei sign farm-cooperation deal".
179. "RP, Brunei seal agricultural cooperation deal".
180. (April 30, 2009). "RP, Brunei agree to strengthen bilateral ties in agriculture".
181. Gonzales, Cathrine. (December 13, 2016). "FAST FACTS: PH-Cambodia relations through the years". [[Rappler]].
182. (December 2, 2012). "India – Philippines Relations".
183. . (November 28, 2016). ["Philippines, Iran agree to expand bilateral relations"](http://news.pia.gov.ph/article/view/1141480246799/philippines-iran-agree-to-expand-bilateral-relations).
184. Hoffman, Carl. (April 11, 2007). "The ties that bind: Filipinos and Jews, the Philippines and Israel". [[The Jerusalem Post]].
185. "UN General Assembly Resolution 181". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Israel).
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187. Frialde, Mike. (November 11, 2003). "Kazakh leader arrives for state visit".
188. "The Honorary Consulate of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the Republic of the Philippines". Kazakhstan.com.ph.
189. "Welcome to Embassy of Kazakhstan in Malaysia Website". Kazembassy.org.my.
190. "The Honorary Consulate of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the Republic of the Philippines". Kazakhstan.com.ph.
191. "Overview of Philippines-Lao PDR Relations". Presidential Communications Operations Office.
192. "Diplomatic relations of Mongolia : InfoMongolia.com : News and information about Mongolia, Mongolian language lessons". InfoMongolia.com.
193. (January 28, 2013). "Intensified Philippines-Myanmar Bilateral Cooperation". Tempo.
194. (May 12, 2010). "Nepal–Philippines Relations| Bilateral Relations | Ministry of Foreign Affairs". Mofa.gov.np.
195. "Joint Communique on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the Republic of the Philippines and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea".
196. . ["Overview of Philippines and Pakistan Relations"](http://islamabadpe.dfa.gov.ph/overview-of-philippines-and-pakistan-relations). *Philippine Embassy – Islamabad, Pakistan*.
197. Uy, Veronica. (November 30, 2012). "Philippines votes for, hails, Palestine's UN recognition". [[News5]].
198. "NewspaperSG - Terms and Conditions".
199. "Philippines-South Korea Relations". Philembassy-seoul.com.
200. "Korea.net".
201. . ["Relations between Sri Lanka and the Philippines"](http://www.slemb.ph/sri-lanka-philippine-relations/).
202. (January 10, 2018). "PHxLK".
203. "Embassy of the Republic of the Philippines, Damascus".
204. . (August 2023). ["Overview of Philippines and Thailand Relations"](https://bilateralnavigator.com/Philippines-Thailand). *Philippine Embassy – Bangkok, Thailand}}{{Dead link*.
205. "Joint Communique on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the Philippines and the Government of East Timor".
206. "Relations between Turkey and the Philippines". Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
207. "Commercial and Economic Relations between Turkey and the Philippines". Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
208. (March 7, 2011). "Uzbekistan and Philippines hold political consultations". UzDaily.com.
209. (1981). "Philippine Democracy: Chronology and Documents 1972–1981". Foreign Service Institute.
210. (2013-03-07). "Philippines-Yemen Relations".
211. "Treaty of Friendship between the Philippines and the United Arab Republic of Egypt".
212. Calica, Aurea. (May 21, 2006). "Equatorial Guinea president receives congressional medal". The Philippine Star.
213. (May 24, 2011). "Ambassador Padalhin Presents Credentials to Equatorial Guinea President". Dfa.gov.ph.
214. (October 9, 2014). "Philippines, Ethiopia sign first air agreement".
215. (March 5, 2018). "PHxGH".
216. "Ghana Consulate in the Philippines". GhanaConsulatePhilippines.com.
217. "Joint Communique on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of the Gambia".
218. (March 21, 2018). "PHxCI".
219. (April 8, 2011). "Philippines gov't starts repatriation of its citizens from Cote D'Ivoire". China People's Daily Online.
220. (1975). "Summary of World Broadcasts Non-Arab Africa · Issues 4866-4942". British Broadcasting Corporation. Monitoring Service.
221. "Joint Communique on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Mozambique".
222. (2011-08-16). "Philippines and Sierra Leone Consolidate Relations".
223. (March 15, 2013). "Philippines, South Sudan establish diplomatic relations". [[Official Gazette of the Philippines]].
224. (January 7, 2018). "PHxBO". Department of Foreign Affairs Philippines.
225. (April 21, 2011). "Embajada de la República de Filipinas, Buenos Aires".
226. Cynthia Balana. (June 25, 2009). "RP, Barbados establish diplomatic ties". Philippine Daily Inquirer.
227. (December 8, 2011). "Colombian Salsa swings into Manila".
228. "Treaty of Friendship between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the Government of the Republic of Cuba".
229. Reyes, F.. (August 15, 2012). "PH, Armenia sign agreements to expand bilateral relations". Inquirer.
230. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Armenia. (February 24, 2015). "Bilateral relations: Philippines".
231. "Treaty of Friendship and General Relations between the Republic of the Philippines and the Italian Republic".
232. (September 24, 2021). "Philippines and North Macedonia Establish Diplomatic Relations". [[Department of Foreign Affairs (Philippines).
233. (February 28, 2018). "PHxRS".
234. "Philippines".
235. "Министарство спољних послова Републике Србије".
236. "Treaty of Friendship between the Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Turke".
237. "British Embassy Manila".
238. "Philippines - United Kingdom BIT (1980)".
239. "Foreign Affairs".
240. Larsen, Lieutenant General Stanley Robert. (2014). "Vietnam Studies – Allied Participation In Vietnam [Illustrated Edition]". Normanby Press.
241. (December 6, 2006). "The Philippines Allies During the Vietnam War". historynet.com.