Federal prison

Australia

The Australian federal government directly controls only a few detention facilities. These include: the Defence Force Correctional Establishment, immigration detention facilities and, in some territories, holding cells at Australian Federal Police stations.

While the vast majority of criminal prosecutions in Australia take place in state or territory court systems under state or territory law, there are cases in federal courts, under federal law (such as the Crimes Act 1914), that require the imprisonment or remanding of individuals. Unlike other countries with federal systems of government, however, the Constitution of Australia explicitly requires state and territory governments to reserve room in their prison systems for federal prisoners. According to Section 120 of the Constitution: "Every State shall make provision for the detention in its prisons of persons accused or convicted of offences against the laws of the Commonwealth, and for the punishment of persons convicted of such offences, and the Parliament of the Commonwealth may make laws to give effect to this provision." Accordingly, civilians who have, in a federal court, been sentenced to imprisonment or remanded in custody, are detained in state or territory prison, under arrangements with state and territory governments.

Brazil

Main article: National Prison Department (Brazil)

The Brazil federal prison system (Sistema Penitenciário Federal) was implemented in 2006 based on the provisions of the 1984 law "Lei de Execução Penal". It receives the most dangerous criminals who would be disruptive in state prisons.

Canada

In Canada, the Correctional Service of Canada operates federal penitentiaries, which house inmates with sentences of two years or more; provincial prisons are responsible for those with shorter terms.

Germany

The prisons in Germany are run solely by the federal states, although governed by a federal law.

Mexico

The federal prison system in Mexico is run by the Secretariat of Public Security and receives prisoners sentenced and being processed for federal crimes.

Russia

All penal establishments in the Russian Federation are governed by the Federal Penitentiary Service.

United States

Main article: List of United States federal prisons

The Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP), established with the passing of the Three Prisons Act of 1891, is responsible for the administration of federal prison facilities in the United States, as well as the custody and welfare of federal inmates. The BOP also provides researchers with background information and statistics regarding the Federal Prison System.

References

References

1. [[Commonwealth Ombudsman]]. (September 2019). "Implementation of the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (OPCAT) - Baseline Assessment of Australia's OPCAT Readiness".
2. {{cite Legislation AU. Cth. act. coaca430. Constitution. 120 Custody of offenders against laws of the Commonwealth.
3. [http://www.justica.gov.br/noticias/quinto-presidio-de-seguranca-maxima-do-pais-sera-construido-no-df Quinto presídio de segurança máxima do país será construído no DF], Brazil Ministry of Justice, 29/11/2013
4. (28 July 2010). "Frequently Asked Questions". Correctional Service Canada.
5. [http://infosurhoy.com/en_GB/articles/saii/features/main/2012/12/04/feature-02 Mexico: Government builds 8 maximum-security prisons] {{Webarchive. link. (2013-12-17 , Sergio Ramos, Infosurhoy.com, 04/12/2012)
6. "Federal Penitentiary Service". Government of the Russian Federation.
7. Bosworth, Mary. (2002). "The US Federal Prison System".