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European Union statistics

Demographic, economic and governmental statistics regarding EU member states

Statistics in the European Union are collected by Eurostat (European statistics body).

Area and population

As of 1 January 2006, the population of the EU was about 493 million people, although in 2020 the EU lost over 10% of its population as a result of the UK leaving the bloc. Many countries are expected to experience a decline in population over the coming decades, though this could be offset with new countries planning to join the EU within the next 20 years. The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 80.4 million people. France and Ireland have the highest birth-rates. The most densely populated country is the island of Malta, which is also the smallest, while the largest in area is France. The least densely populated country is Finland.

The table below uses data from Eurostat.

Member State	Population	%
pop.	Area
km2	%
area	Density
/km2
European Union	448,387,872	100%	4,225,134	100%	106
Austria	9,104,772	2.0%	83,878	2.0%	109
Belgium	11,754,004	2.6%	30,667	0.7%	383
Bulgaria	6,447,710	1.4%	110,996	2.6%	58
Croatia	3,850,894	0.9%	56,594	1.3%	68
Cyprus	920,701	0.2%	9,253	0.2%	100
Czech Republic	10,827,529	2.4%	78,871	1.9%	137
Denmark	5,932,654	1.3%	42,925	1.0%	138
Estonia	1,365,884	0.3%	45,336	1.1%	30
Finland	5,563,970	1.2%	338,411	8.0%	16
France	68,070,697	15.2%	638,475	15.1%	107
Germany	84,358,845	18.8%	357,569	8.5%	236
Greece	10,394,055	2.3%	131,694	3.1%	79
Hungary	9,597,085	2.1%	93,012	2.2%	103
Ireland	5,194,336	1.2%	69,947	1.7%	74
Italy	58,850,717	13.1%	302,079	7.1%	195
Latvia	1,883,008	0.4%	64,586	1.5%	29
Lithuania	2,857,279	0.6%	65,284	1.5%	44
Luxembourg	672,050	0.1%	2,586	0.1%	260
Malta	542,051	0.1%	316	0.01%	1715
Netherlands	17,811,291	4.0%	37,378	0.9%	477
Poland	36,753,736	8.2%	311,928	7.4%	118
Portugal	10,467,366	2.3%	92,227	2.2%	113
Romania	19,051,562	4.2%	238,398	5.6%	80
Slovakia	5,428,792	1.2%	49,035	1.2%	111
Slovenia	2,116,792	0.5%	20,273	0.5%	104
Spain	48,059,777	10.7%	505,983	12.0%	95
Sweden	10,521,556	2.3%	447,424	10.6%	24

Economy

For statistics relating to economy, please see Economy of the European Union.

EU budget

The primary resource for funding the European Union is the contributions sought from member states. Each member state contributes to the EU budget, and receives funding back from the EU, depending on the relative wealth of the states, i.e. their ability to pay.

The table below shows the contributions as a percentage of the total budget. This takes into account the special considerations given to the United Kingdom to reduce its contribution through a rebate. Expenditure in Luxembourg, Belgium and France include items for the EU administrative centres in each of those countries.

Figures below are in Euros, where applicable. Data are for the year 2006.

Member State	Total contribution	%
total	Total expenditure	%
total	Net contrib.	Net contrib.
per capita	Total contrib.
per capita
	105,259,468,772	100.00%	106,575,500,000	100.00%	-1,316,031,228	-3	213
	22,218,438,941	21.11%	12,242,400,000	11.49%	9,976,038,941	124	276
	17,303,107,859	16.44%	13,496,200,000	12.66%	3,806,907,859	59	266
	14,359,479,157	13.64%	10,922,300,000	10.25%	3,437,179,157	58	244
	13,739,900,046	13.05%	8,294,200,000	7.78%	5,445,700,046	90	226
	8,957,286,488	8.51%	12,883,000,000	12.09%	-3,925,713,512	-88	200
	5,552,933,781	5.28%	2,190,400,000	2.06%	3,362,533,781	198	327
	4,035,286,807	3.83%	5,625,100,000	5.28%	-1,589,813,193	-151	384
	2,832,862,800	2.69%	1,573,400,000	1.48%	1,259,462,800	126	283
	2,308,432,030	2.19%	1,830,100,000	1.72%	478,332,030	58	278
	2,130,860,212	2.02%	1,501,900,000	1.41%	628,960,212	116	395
	2,099,087,114	1.99%	5,305,600,000	4.98%	-3,206,512,886	-84	55
	1,882,611,879	1.79%	6,833,700,000	6.41%	-4,951,088,121	-446	170
	1,544,832,284	1.47%	1,280,400,000	1.20%	264,432,284	50	291
	1,443,049,602	1.37%	3,634,800,000	3.41%	-2,191,750,398	-207	136
	1,341,281,313	1.27%	2,461,800,000	2.31%	-1,120,518,687	-244	292
	1,003,119,411	0.95%	1,842,200,000	1.73%	-839,080,589	-83	99
	932,392,859	0.89%	1,330,000,000	1.25%	-397,607,141	-39	91
	393,148,777	0.37%	696,200,000	0.65%	-303,051,223	-56	73
	299,993,572	0.29%	406,000,000	0.38%	-106,006,428	-53	150
	241,439,011	0.23%	1,194,800,000	1.12%	-953,360,989	-1,907	483
	221,997,405	0.21%	799,800,000	0.75%	-577,802,595	-170	65
	144,556,416	0.14%	239,600,000	0.22%	-95,043,584	-119	181
	115,205,431	0.11%	402,600,000	0.24%	-287,394,569	-125	50
	100,756,308	0.10%	300,000,000	0.28%	-199,243,692	-142	72
	57,409,269	0.05%	157,000,000	0.14%	-99,590,731	-249	144
			360,600,000	0.34%	-360,600,000	-47
			693,100,000	0.65%	-693,100,000	-32

Economic and governance-related rankings

There are many indices available on issues such as corruption, development, and freedom. The rankings below include all EU member states, EU candidates (with the exception of Turkey, as accession negotiations have stalled since 2016) and EFTA countries.

Freedom of the press

EU
Rank	Member State	Global
Rank
1		1
2		2
3		3
4		5
5		6
6		8
7		10
8		11
9		12
10		13
11		14
12		15
13		17
14		18
15		22
16		27
17		28

EU
Rank	Member State	Global
Rank
18		29
19		32
20		33
21		34
22		40
23		41
24		48
25	Croatia	59
26		62
27		65
28		81
29		85
30		89
31		92
32		93
33		105
34		111

|} Reporters sans frontières (Reporters Without Borders) conducts an annual survey on the freedom of the press and produces scores (not shown here) for each country, resulting in the Press Freedom Index. In 2019 and 2020, Finland was proclaimed as having the freest press in the European Union, and the second in the world behind Norway. Bulgaria was ranked as having the least free press in the European Union in 2019 and 2020.

Colour Codes
Good Situation
Satisfactory Situation
Noticeable problems
Difficult situation

Economic freedom

EU
Rank	Member State	Global
Rank
1		5
2		6
3		8
4		10
5		13
6		14
7		16
8		19
9		20
10		22
11		23
12		27
13		28
14		29
15		32
16		36
17		37

EU
Rank	Member State	Global
Rank
18		38
19		41
20		42
21		46
22		48
23		52
24		56
25		57
26		58
27		60
28		62
29		64
30		65
31		74
32		84
33		91
34		100

|} The Index of Economic Freedom, published by The Wall Street Journal and The Heritage Foundation, uses 50 different variables to compile the survey, in areas such as trade policy and government intervention.

A similar index produced by the World Economic Forum is its Global Competitiveness Index.

Colour Codes
Free
Mostly Free
Moderately Free
Moderately Unfree

Perception of corruption

Global
Rank	Country	Score
1		90
2		87
4		84
5		83
7		82
8		80
9		79
10		77
10		77
14		74
14		74
18		73
18		73
21		72
22		71
33		62
33		62
35		60
39		59
41		56
41		56
41		56

Global
Rank	Country	Score
41		56
45		55
49		53
51		52
51		52
54		51
57		50
63		46
63		46
65		45
72		43
77		42
84		41
85		40
91		39
91		39
101		36
101		36
101		36
110		34
116		33
137		28

|} Transparency International is an international NGO publishing an annual Global Corruption Report indicating the perception of corruption around the world. The rankings of the table refer to the Corruption Perceptions Index 2022 https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2020/index/nzl. A high ranking means low corruption.

Human development

Rank	Country	Global
Rank
1		1
2		2
3		2
4		4
5		6
6		7
7		8
8		10
9		11
10		13
11		14
12		18
13		22
14		23
15		25
16		26
17		27
18		28
19		29
20		29
21		32
22		33

Rank	Country	Global
Rank
23		34
24		35
25		37
26		38
27		39
28		40
29		43
30		48
31		49
32		52
33		53
34		54
35		56
36		61
37		64
38		69
39		73
40		74
41		81
42		82
43		88
44		90

Colour Codes
Very High Human Development
High Human Development

The Human Development Index is a measure produced by the United Nations which covers three aspects of human development:

poverty (GDP per capita)
education (mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling)
health (life expectancy) The rankings of the table refer to the UNDP Human Development Report 2019 (2018 data). The UN lists all EU member states as countries with very high human development.

Democracy Index

Global
Rank	Country	Score
1		9.81
3		9.45
4		9.39
5		9.30
6		9.28
7		9.19
8		9.14
9		9.00
11		8.81
12		8.80
18		8.28
19		8.28
20		8.14
23		8.07
23		8.07
26		7.97
27		7.96
28		7.93
31		7.75
31		7.75
34		7.69
36		7.64

Global
Rank	Country	Score
37		7.38
38		7.38
39		7.31
41		7.18
44		7.07
50		6.72
52		6.67
58		6.50
60		6.45
62		6.41
64		6.33
66		6.28
68		6.23
73		6.03
84		5.42
89		5.20
91		5.06
94		5.00
102		4.33
130		2.80
144		2.22
151		1.99

The Democracy Index is an index compiled by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), the research division of the Economist Group, a UK-based private company which publishes the weekly newspaper The Economist.

References

link. (6 July 2007 ", EUROSTAT. Retrieved 12 November 2006.)
"[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4768644.stm The EU's baby blues]", BBC News, 27 March 2006. Retrieved 10 July 2006.
"[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6268251.stm France claims EU fertility crown ]", BBC News, 16 January 2007. Retrieved 10 February 2007.
"EUROSTAT Population on 1 January".
"Area by NUTS 3 region".
[https://rsf.org/en/ranking/2019 World Press Freedom Index 2019] and [https://rsf.org/en/ranking/2020 World Press Freedom Index 2020], Reporters Without Borders
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