Eskilstuna

History

Eskilstuna's history dates back to medieval times, when English monk Saint Eskil made "Tuna" his base and diocese of the South coast of Lake Mälaren. Saint Eskil was stoned to death by the pagan Vikings of neighboring town Strängnäs, 30 km east of Eskilstuna, when he tried to convert them to Christianity. Saint Eskil was buried in his monastery church in Tuna.

The monastery of Saint Eskil was completely destroyed by Swedish King Gustav Vasa during the Protestant Reformation and was replaced with the royal castle of Eskilstuna House.

Later, the pagan city of Strängnäs was Christianized and given the privilege of becoming the diocese of South Lake Mälaren, and "Eskil" was combined with "Tuna", although the town of Eskilstuna did not receive municipal privileges due to its proximity to the medieval city of Torshälla. The city's first city privileges were granted in 1659, and its boundaries included Tunafors and the newly founded town of Karl Gustavs Stad (City of Karl Gustav), located on the west side of the river.

Karl Gustavs Stad was built around the iron forges of master smith Reinhold Rademacher, encouraged by King Karl X Gustav. The first products of the forges were small arms and artillery. It was a free town from 1771, where manufacturers and craftsmen were allowed to establish tax-free workshops and factories. The town was merged with the rest of Eskilstuna in 1879.

The city grew enormously during the Industrial Revolution and became one of the most important industrial cities of Sweden, earning the nickname "Stålstaden" (The City of Steel). Aside from firearms, the city also produced superior carpentry and wood-carving chisels, cutlery, scissors, keys, machine tools, and precision instruments. As a tribute to the steel industry, the figure of a steel worker is included in the city's coat of arms. Eskilstuna is sometimes called the Sheffield of Sweden. Both cities at their peak were home to numerous steel=production companies.

Economy

Eskilstuna remains an important industrial city with internationally known companies such as Volvo wheel loaders, main site for the heavy construction equipment division of Volvo, Assa (locks, keys), and stainless steel manufacturer Outokumpu, Thin Strip Nyby in Torshälla.

Mälardalen University (Mälardalens högskola), founded in cooperation with the neighboring city of Västerås, has a campus in the city. The city also has a combined zoo and amusement park - Parken Zoo.

The hospital, Mälarsjukhuset is one of the largest in the region, employing around 3000 people.

Starting in 2012, the town has been pivoting towards a green economy, including biogas-powered public transit and cogeneration plants, seven-colored recycling bins (compared to the standard Swedish five), and a recycling center with an attached second-hand mall.

Climate

Eskilstuna has a climate transitioning between continental and maritime with vast seasonal differences for a southern Swedish climate. Unlike the coastal part of the Sörmlandic region, Eskilstuna has higher diurnal temperature variation and stronger waves of either heat or cold. With regards to daytime maximum and minimum temperatures, the weather station has been operated since 1961 with three breaks of 2–3 years each between 1984 and 2008.

|Jan record high C = 10.5 |Feb record high C = 12.2 |Mar record high C = 15.6 |Apr record high C = 26.1 |May record high C = 29.0 |Jun record high C = 32.0 |Jul record high C = 36.2 |Aug record high C = 35.1 |Sep record high C = 29.0 |Oct record high C = 21.5 |Nov record high C = 16.9 |Dec record high C = 11.3 |year record high C = |Jan avg record high C = 6.9 |Feb avg record high C = 7.5 |Mar avg record high C = 13.2 |Apr avg record high C = 19.2 |May avg record high C = 24.8 |Jun avg record high C = 27.9 |Jul avg record high C = 30.2 |Aug avg record high C = 28.3 |Sep avg record high C = 22.8 |Oct avg record high C = 16.1 |Nov avg record high C = 11.7 |Dec avg record high C = 7.4 |year avg record high C = 30.7 |Jan avg record low C = -19.0 |Feb avg record low C = -16.9 |Mar avg record low C = -12.6 |Apr avg record low C = -7.3 |May avg record low C = -3.2 |Jun avg record low C = 2.3 |Jul avg record low C = 5.4 |Aug avg record low C = 3.4 |Sep avg record low C = -1.1 |Oct avg record low C = -5.7 |Nov avg record low C = -9.2 |Dec avg record low C = -16.2 |year avg record low C = -21.7 |Jan record low C = -29.5 |Feb record low C = -32.2 |Mar record low C = -23.8 |Apr record low C = -11.7 |May record low C = -7.2 |Jun record low C = -1.7 |Jul record low C = 2.9 |Aug record low C = 0.7 |Sep record low C = -6.2 |Oct record low C = -11.6 |Nov record low C = -21.1 |Dec record low C = -32.2 |year record low C =

Demography

As of December 31, 2019, Eskilstuna Municipality has a population of 106,859 people, making it the 15th-largest municipality in Sweden.

Sport

Handball club Eskilstuna Guif, playing in the national top division, has reached the Swedish championship final four times (1997, 2001, 2009, and 2011), but lost on each occasion. Eskilstuna is also home to Eskilstuna Flygklubb, Sweden's largest glider-flying club, which hosted the World Gliding Championships in 2006.

Eskilstuna has had three men's football teams playing in the highest tier Allsvenskan; IFK Eskilstuna has played 14 seasons in Allsvenskan, AFC Eskilstuna two seasons, and Eskilstuna City one season. The women's football team, Eskilstuna United DFF, plays in the Elitettan, the second tier of women's football in Sweden, and spent nine seasons in the highest tier Damallsvenskan between 2014 and 2022. The team finished as runner-up in 2015, qualifying it for the 2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League.

The speedway team in Eskilstuna, Smederna, competes in the highest speedway league in Sweden, Elitserien and races its home matches at Smedstadion outside Eskilstuna. They formerly raced at the Snälltorpet track before it was sold for housing in 2001.

In eSports, Eskilstuna is home to CS:GO player Maikelele.

The stadium Tunavallen was a venue for the 1958 FIFA World Cup, hosting one match between Paraguay and Yugoslavia. It has also been used for several practice games for the Swedish national youth teams. Sports clubs using Tunavallen include AFC Eskilstuna, Eskilstuna United DFF, Eskilstuna City FK, and IFK Eskilstuna. Eskilstuna Södra FF is based at Skogsängens IP and BK Sport is based at Ekängen.

Transport

Eskilstuna is served by Eskilstuna Central Station. Regional operator Mälartåg runs trains on the via Eskilstuna to destinations such as Linköping, Örebro, Stockholm, Stockholm Arlanda Airport, and Uppsala. European route E20 passes the city. The city has a minor airport, 13 km east of the centre.

European co-operation

Eskilstuna is a member city of Eurotowns network.

Notable people

Music

• patrikkolar
• Kent (band)
• Pain of Salvation (band)
• Anni-Frid Lyngstad
• Mika "Gas" Ieppä
• Towa Carson
• Joakim Berg
• Daniel Gildenlöw
• Kristoffer Gildenlöw
• Tikkle Me (band)

Athletes

• Anna Nordqvist
• Kent Carlsson
• Kjell Johansson
• Tomas Gustafson
• Tommy Jansson
• Linnea Torstenson
• Kristján Andrésson
• Lars Sandberg
• Joel Granfors

Footballers

• Mika Väyrynen
• Kennet Andersson
• Sebastian Larsson
• Marcus Danielson

Other

• Anna Nordqvist, professional golfer
• Anna of Finland
• Carl Victor Heljestrand
• Fredrik Lindström
• Yvonne Ryding, Miss Sweden 1984 and Miss Universe 1984
• Susanne Aalto, radio astronomer
• Sven G. Svenson, historian and writer

Gallery

File:Klosters kyrka, Eskilstuna. Exterior.jpg| Klosters Church of Eskilstuna File:Kvällsfoto-12 (9232326753).jpg| File:Rademachersmedjorna 04.jpg| Rademachersmedjorna File:Eskiltuna.jpg|Eskilstunaån File:Eskilstuna rådhus 02.jpg|Stadshuset File:Nyfors, Eskilstuna.jpg|Nyfors, Eskilstuna File:Årby IP.JPG|Årby in Eskilstuna File:Solnedgång över Mälarbaden.jpg|Sunset over lake Mälaren, viewed from Mälarbaden in northern Eskilstuna

References

References

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5. "Eskilstuna {{!}} Swedish City, Manufacturing Hub, River Eskilstuna {{!}} Britannica".
6. Kalia, Ammar. (2019-06-18). "Eskilstuna: how a Swedish town became the world capital of recycling". The Guardian.
7. "Befolkning - Eskilstuna kommun".
8. Johannesson, Gösta. (1978). "Från köpstad till storkommun". Stockholm: Natur & kultur.
9. "Folkmängd, topp 50".
10. "Vår historia".
11. "Sök resa och köp tågbiljett med Mälartåg".
12. "Eurotowns". eurotowns.org.