From Surf Wiki (app.surf) — the open knowledge base
Equiangular polygon
Polygon with equally angled vertices
Polygon with equally angled vertices
| Direct | Indirect | Skew | Direct | Indirect | Counter-turned | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [[File:equiangular_rectangle2x3.svg | 100px]]A rectangle, , is a convex direct equiangular polygon, containing four 90° internal angles. | [[File:Tetromino-l2.svg | 100px]]A concave indirect equiangular polygon, , like this hexagon, counterclockwise, has five left turns and one right turn, like this tetromino. | ||||||
| [[File:Spirolateral 1-2-2-3-3-2-2-1 90.svg | 120px]]A multi-turning equiangular polygon can be direct, like this octagon, , has 8 90° turns, totaling 720°. | [[File:Equiangular pentagon2 60.svg | 120px]]A concave indirect equiangular polygon, , counterclockwise has 4 left turns and one right turn.(-1.2.4.3.2)60° |
In Euclidean geometry, an equiangular polygon is a polygon whose vertex angles are equal. If the lengths of the sides are also equal (that is, if it is also equilateral) then it is a regular polygon. Isogonal polygons are equiangular polygons which alternate two edge lengths.
For clarity, a planar equiangular polygon can be called direct or indirect. A direct equiangular polygon has all angles turning in the same direction in a plane and can include multiple turns. Convex equiangular polygons are always direct. An indirect equiangular polygon can include angles turning right or left in any combination. A skew equiangular polygon may be isogonal, but can't be considered direct since it is nonplanar.
A spirolateral nθ is a special case of an equiangular polygon with a set of n integer edge lengths repeating sequence until returning to the start, with vertex internal angles θ.
Construction
An equiangular polygon can be constructed from a regular polygon or regular star polygon where edges are extended as infinite lines. Each edges can be independently moved perpendicular to the line's direction. Vertices represent the intersection point between pairs of neighboring line. Each moved line adjusts its edge-length and the lengths of its two neighboring edges. If edges are reduced to zero length, the polygon becomes degenerate, or if reduced to negative lengths, this will reverse the internal and external angles.
For an even-sided direct equiangular polygon, with internal angles θ°, moving alternate edges can invert all vertices into supplementary angles, 180-θ°. Odd-sided direct equiangular polygons can only be partially inverted, leaving a mixture of supplementary angles.
Every equiangular polygon can be adjusted in proportions by this construction and still preserve equiangular status.
| [[File:Equiangular hexagon-example.png | 160px]]This convex direct equiangular hexagon, , is bounded by 6 lines with 60° angle between. Each line can be moved perpendicular to its direction. | [[File:Indirect equiangular polygon.png | 160px]]This concave indirect equiangular hexagon, , is also bounded by 6 lines with 90° angle between, each line moved independently, moving vertices as new intersections. |
|---|
Equiangular polygon theorem
For a convex equiangular p-gon, each internal angle is 180(1−2/p)°; this is the equiangular polygon theorem.
For a direct equiangular p/q star polygon, density q, each internal angle is 180(1−2q/p)°, with 1 1, this represents a w-wound star polygon, which is degenerate for the regular case.
A concave indirect equiangular (p**r+p**l)-gon, with p**r right turn vertices and p**l left turn vertices, will have internal angles of 180(1−2/))°, regardless of their sequence. An indirect star equiangular (p**r+p**l)-gon, with p**r right turn vertices and p**l left turn vertices and q total turns, will have internal angles of 180(1−2q/))°, regardless of their sequence. An equiangular polygon with the same number of right and left turns has zero total turns, and has no constraints on its angles.
Notation
Every direct equiangular p-gon can be given a notation or , like regular polygons {p} and regular star polygons {p/q}, containing p vertices, and stars having density q.
Convex equiangular p-gons have internal angles 180(1−2/p)°, while direct star equiangular polygons, , have internal angles 180(1−2q/p)°.
A concave indirect equiangular p-gon can be given the notation , with c counter-turn vertices. For example, is a hexagon with 90° internal angles of the difference, , 1 counter-turned vertex. A multiturn indirect equilateral p-gon can be given the notation with c counter turn vertices, and q total turns. An equiangular polygon is a p-gon with undefined internal angles θ, but can be expressed explicitly as θ.
Other properties
Viviani's theorem holds for equiangular polygons: :The sum of distances from an interior point to the sides of an equiangular polygon does not depend on the location of the point, and is that polygon's invariant.
A cyclic polygon is equiangular if and only if the alternate sides are equal (that is, sides 1, 3, 5, ... are equal and sides 2, 4, ... are equal). Thus if n is odd, a cyclic polygon is equiangular if and only if it is regular.
For prime p, every integer-sided equiangular p-gon is regular. Moreover, every integer-sided equiangular p**k-gon has p-fold rotational symmetry.
An ordered set of side lengths (a_1, \dots , a_n) gives rise to an equiangular n-gon if and only if either of two equivalent conditions holds for the polynomial a_1+a_2x+\cdots + a_{n-1}x^{n-2}+a_nx^{n-1}: it equals zero at the complex value e^{2\pi i/n}; it is divisible by x^2-2x \cos (2\pi /n)+1.
Direct equiangular polygons by sides
Direct equiangular polygons can be regular, isogonal, or lower symmetries. Examples for are grouped into sections by p and subgrouped by density q.
Equiangular triangles
Equiangular triangles must be convex and have 60° internal angles. It is an equilateral triangle and a regular triangle, ={3}. The only degree of freedom is edge-length. Regular polygon 3 annotated.svg|Regular, {3}, r6
Equiangular quadrilaterals
Direct equiangular quadrilaterals have 90° internal angles. The only equiangular quadrilaterals are rectangles, , and squares, {4}.
An equiangular quadrilateral with integer side lengths may be tiled by unit squares.
Regular polygon 4 annotated.svg|Regular, {4}, r8 Spirolateral_2_90.svg|Spirolateral 290°, p4
Equiangular pentagons
Direct equiangular pentagons, and , have 108° and 36° internal angles respectively.
; 108° internal angle from an equiangular pentagon, Equiangular pentagons can be regular, have bilateral symmetry, or no symmetry. Equiangular pentagon 03.svg|Regular, r10 Equiangular pentagon 02.svg|Bilateral symmetry, i2 Equiangular pentagon 01.svg|No symmetry, a1
; 36° internal angles from an equiangular pentagram, File:Regular star polygon 5-2.svg|Regular pentagram, r10 Equiangular_pentagram1.svg|Irregular, d2
Equiangular hexagons
Direct equiangular hexagons, and , have 120° and 60° internal angles respectively.
; 120° internal angles of an equiangular hexagon, : An equiangular hexagon with integer side lengths may be tiled by unit equilateral triangles. Regular polygon 6 annotated.svg|Regular, {6}, r12 Spirolateral_2_120.svg|Spirolateral (1,2)120°, p6 Spirolateral_3_120.svg|Spirolateral (1…3)120°, g2 Spirolateral 1-2-2 120.svg|Spirolateral (1,2,2)120°, i4 Spirolateral 1-2-2-2-1-3 120.svg|Spirolateral (1,2,2,2,1,3)120°, p2
; 60° internal angles of an equiangular double-wound triangle, : Regular polygon 3 annotated.svg|Regular, degenerate, r6 Spirolateral 1-3 60.svg|Spirolateral (1,3)60°, p6 Spirolateral_2_60.svg|Spirolateral (1,2)60°, p6 Spirolateral 2-3 60.svg|Spirolateral (2,3)60°, p6 Spirolateral_1-2-3-4-3-2_60.svg|Spirolateral (1,2,3,4,3,2)60°, p2
Equiangular heptagons
Direct equiangular heptagons, , , and have 128 4/7°, 77 1/7° and 25 5/7° internal angles respectively.
; 128.57° internal angles of an equiangular heptagon, : Regular polygon 7 annotated.svg|Regular, {7}, r14 Equiangular heptagon.svg|Irregular, i2
; 77.14° internal angles of an equiangular heptagram, : Regular star polygon 7-2.svg|Regular, r14 Equiangular heptagram1.svg|Irregular, i2
; 25.71° internal angles of an equiangular heptagram, : Regular star polygon 7-3.svg|Regular, r14 Equiangular heptagram2.svg|Irregular, i2
Equiangular octagons
Direct equiangular octagons, , and , have 135°, 90° and 45° internal angles respectively.
; 135° internal angles from an equiangular octagon, : Regular polygon 8 annotated.svg|Regular, r16 Spirolateral_2_135.svg|Spirolateral (1,2)135°, p8 Spirolateral_4_135.svg|Spirolateral (1…4)135°, g2 Equiangular_octagon.svg|Unequal truncated square, p2
; 90° internal angles from an equiangular double-wound square, : Regular polygon 4 annotated.svg|Regular degenerate, r8 Spirolateral 1-2-2-3-3-2-2-1 90.svg|Spirolateral (1,2,2,3,3,2,2,1)90°, d2 Spirolateral 2-1-3-2-2-3-1-2 90.svg|Spirolateral (2,1,3,2,2,3,1,2)90°, d2
; 45° internal angles from an equiangular octagram, : Regular star polygon 8-3.svg|Regular, r16 Regular truncation 4 2.svg|Isogonal, p8 Regular truncation 4 -4.svg|Isogonal, p8 Spirolateral_2_45.svg|Spirolateral, (1,2)45°, p8 Regular truncation 4 -0.2.svg|Isogonal, p8 Spirolateral_4_45.svg|Spirolateral (1…4)45°, g2
Equiangular enneagons
Direct equiangular enneagons, , , , and have 140°, 100°, 60° and 20° internal angles respectively.
;140° internal angles from an equiangular enneagon Regular polygon 9 annotated.svg|Regular, r18 Spirolateral 1-1-3 140.svg|Spirolateral (1,1,3)140°, i6 ;100° internal angles from an equiangular enneagram, : Regular star polygon 9-2.svg|Regular {9/2}, p9 Spirolateral 1-1-5 140.svg|Spirolateral (1,1,5)100°, i6 File:Spirolateral 3 100.svg|Spirolateral 3100°, g3 ;60° internal angles from an equiangular triple-wound triangle, : Regular polygon 3 annotated.svg|Regular, degenerate, r6 Equiangular_triple-triangle1.svg|Irregular, a1 Equiangular_triple-triangle2.svg|Irregular, a1 Equiangular_triple-triangle3.svg|Irregular, a1
;20° internal angles from an equiangular enneagram, : Regular star polygon 9-4.svg|Regular {9/4}, r18 Spirolateral 3 20.svg|Spirolateral 320°, g3 Equiangular enneagram2.svg|Irregular, i2
Equiangular decagons
Direct equiangular decagons, , , , , have 144°, 108°, 72° and 36° internal angles respectively.
;144° internal angles from an equiangular decagon Regular polygon 10 annotated.svg|Regular, r20 Spirolateral 2 144.svg|Spirolateral (1,2)144°, p10 Spirolateral_5_144.svg|Spirolateral (1…5)144°, g2
;108° internal angles from an equiangular double-wound pentagon Regular polygon 5 annotated.svg|Regular, degenerate Spirolateral 2 108.svg|Spirolateral (1,2)108°, p10 Equiangular_double-pentagon1.svg|Irregular, p2
;72° internal angles from an equiangular decagram Regular star polygon 10-3.svg|Regular {10/3}, r20 Regular star truncation 5-3 3.svg|Isogonal, p10 Spirolateral_2_72.svg|Spirolateral (1,2)72°, p10 Equiangular_double-pentagon2.svg|Irregular, i4 Spirolateral 5 72.svg|Spirolateral (1…5)72°, g2
;36° internal angles from an equiangular double-wound pentagram Regular star polygon 5-2.svg|Regular, degenerate, r10 Spirolateral 2 36.svg|Spirolateral (1,2)36°, p10 Regular polygon truncation 5 3.svg|Isogonal, p10 Regular truncation 5 4.svg|Isogonal, p10 Equiangular double-pentagram3.svg|Irregular, p2 Equiangular_double-pentagon5.svg|Irregular, p2 Equiangular_double-pentagram2.svg|Irregular, p2
Equiangular hendecagons
Direct equiangular hendecagons, , , , , and have 147 3/11°, 114 6/11°, 81 9/11°, 49 1/11°, and 16 4/11° internal angles respectively.
;147° internal angles from an equiangular hendecagon, : Regular polygon 11 annotated.svg|Regular, {11}, r22
;114° internal angles from an equiangular hendecagram, : Regular star polygon 11-2.svg|Regular {11/2}, r22
;81° internal angles from an equiangular hendecagram, : Regular star polygon 11-3.svg|Regular {11/3}, r22
;49° internal angles from an equiangular hendecagram, : Regular star polygon 11-4.svg|Regular {11/4}, r22
;16° internal angles from an equiangular hendecagram, : Regular star polygon 11-5.svg|Regular {11/5}, r22
Equiangular dodecagons
Direct equiangular dodecagons, , , , , and have 150°, 120°, 90°, 60°, and 30° internal angles respectively.
;150° internal angles from an equiangular dodecagon, : Convex solutions with integer edge lengths may be tiled by pattern blocks, squares, equilateral triangles, and 30° rhombi. Regular polygon 12 annotated.svg|Regular, {12}, r24 Regular truncation 6 0.45.svg|Isogonal, p12 Spirolateral_2_150.svg|Spirolateral (1,2)150°, p12 Spirolateral_3_150.svg|Spirolateral (1…3)150°, g4 Spirolateral_4_150.svg|Spirolateral (1…4)150°, g3 Spirolateral_6_150.svg|Spirolateral (1…6)150°, g2
; 120° internal angles from an equiangular double-wound hexagon, Regular polygon 6 annotated.svg|Regular degenerate, r12 Spirolateral 4 120.svg|Spirolateral, (1…4)120°, g3 Equiangular double-hexagon3.svg|Irregular, d2 Equiangular double-hexagon2.svg|Irregular, d2
; 90° internal angles from an equiangular triple-wound square, Regular polygon 4 annotated.svg|Regular, degenerate, r8 Spirolateral_3_90.svg|Spirolateral (1…3)90°, g2 Spirolateral 2-3-4-90.svg|Spirolateral (2…4)90°, g4 Equiangular triple-square3.svg|Spirolateral (1,1,3)90°, i8 Spirolateral 1-2-2 90.svg|Spirolateral (1,2,2)90°, i8 Spirolateral_6_90.svg|Spirolateral (1…6)90°, g2 Equiangular_triple-square1.svg|Irregular, a1
; 60° internal angles from an equiangular quadruple-wound triangle, Regular polygon 3 annotated.svg|Regular, degenerate, r6 Equiangular double-hexagon4.svg|Spirolateral (1,3,5,1)60°, p6 Spirolateral 4 60.svg|Spirolateral (1…4)60°, g3 Equiangular_quadruple-triangle1.svg|Irregular, a1
; 30° internal angles from an equiangular dodecagram, Regular star polygon 12-5.svg|Regular {12/5}, r24 Regular truncation 6 1.5.svg|Isogonal, p12 Spirolateral_2_30.svg|Spirolateral (1,2)30°, p12 Spirolateral_3_30.svg|Spirolateral (1…3)30°, g4 Spirolateral_4_30.svg|Spirolateral (1…4)30°, g3 Spirolateral_6_30.svg|Spirolateral (1…6)30°, g2
Equiangular tetradecagons
Direct equiangular tetradecagons, , , , , and , , have 154 2/7°, 128 4/7°, 102 6/7°, 77 1/7°, 51 3/7° and 25 5/7° internal angles respectively.
;154.28° internal angles from an equiangular tetradecagon, : Regular polygon 14 annotated.svg|Regular {14}, r28 File:Regular truncation 7 0.1.svg|Isogonal, t{7}, p14
;128.57° internal angles from an equiangular double-wound regular heptagon, : Regular polygon 7 annotated.svg|Regular degenerate, r14 regular_star_truncation_7-5_3.svg|Isogonal, t{7/2}, p14 Spirolateral_2_129.svg|Spirolateral 2128.57°
;102.85° internal angles from an equiangular tetradecagram, : Regular star polygon 14-3.svg|Regular {14/3}, r28 regular_star_truncation_7-3_3.svg|Isogonal t{7/3}, p14
;77.14° internal angles from an equiangular double-wound heptagram : Regular star polygon 7-2.svg|Regular degenerate, r14 regular_star_truncation_7-3_2.svg|Isogonal, p14 regular_star_truncation_7-3_4.svg|Isogonal, p14 File:Spirolateral 2 77.svg|Spirolateral 277.14°
;51.43° internal angles from an equiangular tetradecagram, : Regular star polygon 14-5.svg|Regular {14/5}, r28 regular_star_truncation_7-5_2.svg|Isogonal, p14 regular_star_truncation_7-5_4.svg|Isogonal, p14
;25.71° internal angles from an equiangular double-wound heptagram, : Regular star polygon 7-3.svg|Regular degenerate, r14 Regular truncation 7 1000.svg|Isogonal, p14 File:Regular truncation 7 4.svg|Isogonal, p14 File:Regular truncation 7 -0.5.svg|Isogonal, p14 Equiangular_star-14-6.svg|Irregular, d2
Equiangular pentadecagons
Direct equiangular pentadecagons, , , , , , , and , have 156°, 132°, 108°, 84°, 60° and 12° internal angles respectively.
;156° internal angles from an equiangular pentadecagon, : Regular polygon 15 annotated.svg|Regular, {15}, r30
;132° internal angles from an equiangular pentadecagram, : Regular star polygon 15-2.svg|Regular, {15/2}, r30
;108° internal angles from an equiangular triple-wound pentagon, : Regular polygon 5 annotated.svg|Regular, degenerate, r10 Equiangular_triple-pentagon1.svg|spirolateral (1…3)108°, g5
;84° internal angles from an equiangular pentadecagram, : Regular star polygon 15-4.svg|Regular, {15/4}, r30
;60° internal angles from an equiangular 5-wound triangle, : Regular polygon 3 annotated.svg|Regular, degenerate, r6 Equiangular 5-wound triangle1.svg|Irregular, a1
;36° internal angles from an equiangular triple-wound pentagram, : Regular star polygon 5-2.svg|Regular, degenerate, r10 Equiangular triple-pentagram2.svg|Irregular, a1 File:Spirolateral 4 36.svg|Spirolateral (1…4)36°, g5
;12° internal angles from an equiangular pentadecagram, : Regular star polygon 15-7.svg|Regular, {15/7}, r30
Equiangular hexadecagons
Direct equiangular hexadecagons, , , , , , , and , have 157.5°, 135°, 112.5°, 90°, 67.5° 45° and 22.5° internal angles respectively.
;157.5° internal angles from an equiangular hexadecagon, : Regular polygon 16 annotated.svg|Regular, {16}, r32 File:Regular truncation 8 0.45.svg|Isogonal, t{8}, p16 File:Spirolateral 4 1575.svg|Spirolateral (1…4)157.5°, g4
;135° internal angles from an equiangular double-wound octagon, : Regular polygon 8 annotated.svg|Regular, degenerate, r16 Equiangular double octagon1.svg|Irregular, p16
;112.5° internal angles from an equiangular hexadecagram, : Regular star polygon 16-3.svg|Regular, {16/3}, r32
;90° internal angles from an equiangular 4-wound square, : Regular polygon 4 annotated.svg|Regular, degenerate, r8 Equiangular 4-wound square1.svg|Irregular, a1
;67.5° internal angles from an equiangular hexadecagram, : Regular star polygon 16-5.svg|Regular, {16/5}, r32
;45° internal angles from an equiangular double-wound regular octagram, : Regular star polygon 8-3.svg|Regular, degenerate, r16 Spirolateral 3 45.svg|spirolateral (1…3)45°, g8
;22.5° internal angles from an equiangular hexadecagram, : Regular star polygon 16-7.svg|Regular, {16/7}, r32 File:Regular truncation 8 -10.svg|Isogonal, p16
Equiangular octadecagons
Direct equiangular octadecagons,
;160° internal angles from an equiangular octadecagon, : Regular polygon 18 annotated.svg|Regular, {18}, r36 File:Regular truncation 9 0.1.svg|Isogonal, t{9}, p18
;140° internal angles from an equiangular double-wound enneagon, : Regular polygon 9.svg|Regular, degenerate Spirolateral 2 140.svg|Spirolateral 2140°, p18
; 120° internal angles of an equiangular 3-wound hexagon : Regular polygon 6.svg|Regular, degenerate, r18 Equilateral triple-wound-hexagon1.svg|irregular, a1
; 100° internal angles of an equiangular double-wound enneagram : Regular star polygon 9-2.svg|Regular, degenerate, r18 File:Spirolateral_6_100.svg|Spirolateral 2100°, g3
; 80° internal angles of an equiangular octadecagram {18/5}: Regular star polygon 18-5.svg|Regular, {18/5}, r36
; 60° internal angles of an equiangular 6-wound triangle : Regular polygon 3.svg|Regular, degenerate, r6 Equilateral 6-wound-triangle1.svg|irregular, a1
; 40° internal angles of an equiangular octadecagram : Regular star polygon 18-7.svg|Regular, {18/7}, r36 regular_star_truncation_9-7_2.svg|Isogonal, p18 regular_star_truncation_9-7_4.svg|Isogonal, p18 regular_star_truncation_9-7_5.svg|Isogonal, p18
; 20° internal angles of an equiangular double-wound enneagram : Regular star polygon 9-4.svg|Regular, degenerate, r18 regular_polygon_truncation_9_5.svg|Isogonal, p18 regular_polygon_truncation_9_4.svg|Isogonal, p18 regular_polygon_truncation_9_3.svg|Isogonal, p18 regular_polygon_truncation_9_2.svg|Isogonal, p18 Spirolateral 2 20.svg|Spirolateral 220°, p18 File:Spirolateral 6 20.svg|Spirolateral 620°, g3
Equiangular icosagons
Direct equiangular icosagon, , , , , , , and , have 162°, 126°, 108°, 90°, 72°, 54° and 18° internal angles respectively. ;162° internal angles from an equiangular icosagon, : Regular polygon 20 annotated.svg|Regular, {20}, r40 Spirolateral 1-3 162.svg|Spirolateral (1,3)162°, p20
;144° internal angles from an equiangular double-wound decagon, : Regular polygon 10 annotated.svg|Regular, degenerate, r20 Spirolateral_4_144.svg|Spirolateral (1…4)144°, g5
;126° internal angles from an equiangular icosagram, : Regular star polygon 20-3.svg|Regular {20/3}, p40 Spirolateral_1-3_126.svg|Spirolateral (1,3)126°, p20
;108° internal angles from an equiangular 4-wound pentagon, : Regular polygon 5 annotated.svg|Regular degenerate, r10 Spirolateral 4 108.svg|Spirolateral (1…4)108°, g5 Equiangular quadruple-pentagon1.svg|Irregular, a1
;90° internal angles from an equiangular 5-wound square, : Regular polygon 4 annotated.svg|Regular degenerate, r8 Spirolateral 5 90.svg|Spirolateral (1…5)90°, g4 Spirolateral 1-2-3-2-1 90.svg|Spirolateral (1,2,3,2,1)90°, i8
;72° internal angles from an equiangular double-wound decagram, : Regular star polygon 10-3.svg|Regular degenerate, r20 Spirolateral 2 72.svg|Spirolateral (1,2)72°, p10 Spirolateral 4 72.svg|Spirolateral (1…4)72°, g5
;54° internal angles from an equiangular icosagram, : Regular star polygon 20-7.svg|Regular {20/7}, r40 regular_star_truncation_10-3_2.svg|Isogonal, p20 regular_star_truncation_10-3_3.svg|Isogonal, p20 regular_star_truncation_10-3_5.svg|Isogonal, p20
;36° internal angles from an equiangular quadruple-wound pentagram, : Regular star polygon 5-2.svg|Regular degenerate, r10 Spirolateral_4_36.svg|Spirolateral (1…4)36°, g5 Equiangular quadruple-pentagram1.svg|irregular, a1
;18° internal angles from an equiangular icosagram, : Regular star polygon 20-9.svg|Regular {20/9}, r40 regular_polygon_truncation_10_5.svg|Isogonal, p20 regular_polygon_truncation_10_4.svg|Isogonal, p20 regular_polygon_truncation_10_3.svg|Isogonal, p20 regular_polygon_truncation_10_2.svg|Isogonal, p20
References
- Williams, R. The Geometrical Foundation of Natural Structure: A Source Book of Design. New York: Dover Publications, 1979. p. 32
References
- Marius Munteanu, Laura Munteanu, [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271296486_Rational_Equiangular_Polygons Rational Equiangular Polygons] Applied Mathematics, Vol.4 No.10, October 2013
- Abboud, Elias. (2010). "Viviani's Theorem and Its Extension". The College Mathematics Journal.
- De Villiers, Michael, "Equiangular cyclic and equilateral circumscribed polygons", [[Mathematical Gazette]] 95, March 2011, 102-107.
- McLean, K. Robin. (2004). "A powerful algebraic tool for equiangular polygons". Mathematical Gazette.
- (2015). "Side Lengths of Equiangular Polygons (as seen by a coding theorist)". The American Mathematical Monthly.
- Ball, Derek. (2002). "Equiangular polygons". The Mathematical Gazette.
This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.
Ask Mako anything about Equiangular polygon — get instant answers, deeper analysis, and related topics.
Research with MakoFree with your Surf account
Create a free account to save articles, ask Mako questions, and organize your research.
Sign up freeThis content may have been generated or modified by AI. CloudSurf Software LLC is not responsible for the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of AI-generated content. Always verify important information from primary sources.
Report